• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.83-94
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• 2010

Chinese fir (Latin name: Cunninghaimia lanceolata) is one of the major commercial coniferous trees. Most of Chinese fir forests are managed in successive rotation sites, which lead productivity to decline. Autotoxicity is the important reason for soil degradation of Chinese fir plantation, especially, phenolic acids are considered as the major allelopathic toxins which induce autotoxicity in Chinese fir rotation stands. We performed here proteomic approach to investigate the response of proteins in Chinese fir leaves to salicylic acid. The tube plantlets of Chinese fir clone were treated with 120 mg/L salicylic acid for 1, 3 and 5th day. 2-DE, coupled with MALDI-TOF-TOF/MS, was used to separate and identify the responsive proteins. We found 12, 7, and 12 candidate protein spots that were up- or down-regulated by at least 2.5 fold after 1, 3, and 5th day of the stress, respectively. Of these protein spots, 16 spots were identified successfully. According to the putative physiological functions, these proteins were categorized into five classes (1) the proteins involved in protein stability and folding, including 26S proteome, Grp78, Hsp70, Hsp90 and PPIase; (2) the protein involved in photosynthesis and respiration, including OEC 33 kDa subunit, GAPDH; (3) the protein related to cell endurance to acid, F-ATPase; (4) the protein related to cytoskeleton, tubulin; (5) the protein related to protein translation: prolyl-tRNA synthetase. These results give new insights into autotoxic substance stress response in Chinese fir leaves and provide preliminary footprints for further studies on the molecular signal mechanisms induced by the stress.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 1998년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집 Proceedings of EESK Conference-Spring 1998
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• pp.335-342
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• 1998

A soil-structure interaction (SSI) experiment is being conducted in a seismically active region in Hualien, Taiwan. To obtain earthquake data for quantifying SSI effects and providing a basis to benchmark analysis methods, a 1/4-th scale cylindrical concrete containment model similar in shape to that of a nuclear power plant containment was constructed in the field where both the containment model and its surrounding soil, surface and sub-surface, are extensively instrumented to record earthquake data. In between September 1993 and May 1996, fifteen earthquakes with Richter magnitudes ranging from 4.2 to 6.2 were recorded. The recorded data were analyzed to provide information on the response characteristics of the Hualien soil-structure system, the SSI effects and the ground motion characteristics. The ground response data were analyzed for their variations with depth, with distance from the model structure, and at the same depths along downhole arrays. Variations of soil stiffness and soil-structure system frequencies were also evaluated against maximum ground motion. In addition, the site soil properties were derived based on correlation analysis of the recorded data and then correlated with those from the geotechnical investigation data.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.144-148
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• 1997

Insulin secretory response to various calcium concentrations was investigated in 10- to 12-week old male lean and obese Zucker rats using an in vitro pancreatic perfusion procedure. There was no significant difference in insulin secretion response to low, medium, and high calcium concentrations in the lean rat. However, the obese rat shows a characteristics of hypersecretion of insulin. The obese rat pancreas perfused with the low calcium concentration released as low insulin as the lean rat. When perfused with the medium calcium concentration, th obese rat pancreas released twice as much insulin as the lean rat. eh hypersecretory phenomenon was also seen in the obese rat pancreas perfused with the high calcium concentration during the first phase of erfusion period, but his phenomenon was gradually diminished during he second phase of perfusion period. These results indicate that there may be a selective insulin secretory response to the extracellular calcium in he obese Zucker rat pancreas.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.65-76
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• 2018

Although there has been a steady increase in the prevalence of food allergies worldwide in recent decades, no effective therapeutic strategies have been developed. Modulation of the gut microbiota composition and/or function through probiotics has been highlighted as a promising target for protection against food allergies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the allergy-reducing effects of a probiotic mixture (P5: Lactococcus lactis KF140, Pediococcus pentosaceus KF159, Lactobacillus pentosus KF340, Lactobacillus paracasei 698, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens 26N) in mice with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced food allergy. Administration of P5 significantly suppressed the oral OVA challenge-induced anaphylactic response and rectal temperature decline, and reduced diarrhea symptoms. Moreover, P5 also significantly inhibited the secretion of IgE, Th2 cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13), and Th17 cytokines (IL-17), which were increased in mice with OVA-induced food allergy, and induced generation of CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. These results revealed that P5 may have applications as a preventive agent against food allergy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.823-830
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• 2023

Lactococcus lactis is a lactic acid bacterium and used in the dairy food industry. The ameliorating effects of Lactobacillus species on atopic dermatitis (AD) have been extensively studied, but the specific effect of L. lactis strains has not yet been investigated. In this study, the efficacy of L. lactis LB 1022, isolated from natural cheese, was evaluated using RAW 264.7, HMC-1 and HaCaT cell lines and an ovalbumin-sensitized AD mouse model. L. lactis LB 1022 exhibited nitric oxide suppression and anti-allergy and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Oral administration of L. lactis LB 1022 to AD mice significantly reduced the levels of IgE, mast cells, and eosinophils, and a range of T cell-mediated T helper Th1, Th2, and Th17-type cytokines under interleukin (IL)-10, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). In addition, L. lactis LB 1022 treatment increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids. Overall, L. lactis LB 1022 significantly modulated AD-like symptoms by altering metabolites and the immune response, illustrating its potential as candidate for use in functional food supplements to alleviate AD.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2007

The response of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. to phytoecdysteroid (PE) when administered at different ages of $5^{th}$ instar was studied in the popular bivoltine ($CSR2{\times}CSR4$) and multi${\times}$bivoltine ($PM{\times}CSR2$) silkworm hybrids, reared on the Victory-1 variety of mulberry leaves. PE was administered to $5^{th}$ instar silkworm per os at a rate of $250{\mu}g$ per 100 larvae to different batches of silkworm at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144 hrs and at the onset of cocoon spinning when a few larvae were ripe. The larval and mounting duration, cocoon yield and cocoon characters were influenced by PE. The intensity of influence was dependent on the time of application. The larvae treated at the beginning of the instar, improved the economic traits significantly with a marginal increase in larval duration. In the larvae treated at the middle of the instar, larval duration was shortened remarkably but the economic traits were adversely affected. This particular treatment can become a good management strategy in the case of mulberry leaf shortage or disease incidence. In the larvae treated at the onset of cocoon spinning, the mounting duration was substantially reduced without much effect on the cocoon traits which would be a big benefit in commercial sericulture. The physiological significance of varied response of silkworm to PE administration is discussed.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.579-593
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of foot massage on anxiety response in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy. Among the fifty patients, twenty-five were the experimental group receiving foot massage for 10-minutes and twenty-five were the control group. Subjects were admitted to a hospital in Inchon city for total hysterectomy. This study was carried out from July 10th, to September 18th, 2000. The levels of anxiety were measured by the Visual Aanalogue Scale(VAS). State Anxiety Scale, blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate. Data were analyzed using $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test and ANCOVA with SPSS/pc program. The results were summarized as followings: 1. After foot massage, VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those measurements before the foot massage. 2. After foot massage, significant differences in the VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse and respiration rate between the experimental and control groups were found. In conclusion, foot massage for 10 minutes is a useful nursing intervention that decreases anxiety in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 1987

In this paper, the authors investigate theoretically the motion and longitudinal strength of ships among waves talking account of the effects of nonlinearities such as the hull shape, bottom emergence, and hydrodynamic impact. Incidentally the ship is treated as an elastic beam in heading wave condition regarding characteristics of slamming and whipping-according to the variation in the range of a quarter length of the ship forward and the increase of the elastic modes up to 4-th vibration mode were investigated by the present theory. Calculations are performed for 97m container ship and its validity is confirmed by a series of model tests. Conclusions obtained are as follows; 1) Acceleration and pressure estimated by the present theory are in good accordance with experiments. 2) The present non-linear theory may be applied for estimating longitudinal bending moment of ships in slamming and whipping conditions. 3) In investigation of the characteristic in response according to shape variation for parts under draft and vow-flare in the range of a quarter length of the ship forward, dynamic responses due to the former were much more conspicuous than those due to the later. 4) In the maximum bending moment, the considering case up to 2-the mode are larger, about $10{\sim}15%$, than that up to 4-th mode.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-123
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• 1999

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) treatment of bone and kidney-derived cells not only activates adenyly cyclase buy also increases intracellular free calcium, and translocates protein kinase C (PKC) from cytosol to plasma membranes. We have found that acute phorbol ester pretreatment significantly decreases PTH-induced calcium transients and the effect of phorbol ester was antagonized by staurosporine (ST). Although the major effect of ST in that study was the reversal of the action of phorbol ester, it appeared that ST may also have promoted the effect of PTH directly. To further investigate the observation, we examined the effect of ST on the intracellular calcium transients induced by PTH and $\alpha$-thrombin ($\alpha$-TH). For calcium transient experiments, UMR-106 cells were loaded with 2 mM fluo-acetoxymethylester for 30 min at room temperature. The cells were then washed and suspended in buffer containing 1 mM calcium. Fluorescence was detected at 530 nm, with excitation at 505 nm. ST alone did not cause calcium transients, but enhanced the transients elicited by PTH response. added 5 min before the hormone. Another protein kinase inhibitor H-7 likewise enhanced the calcium responses elicited by PTH, while genistein did not affect PTH response. Calcium transients elicited by $\alpha$-TH were also enhanced by ST. The results suggest that there might be tonically activated endogenous protein kinase(s) which inhibit calcium signaling of some calcemic agents.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.26-34
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• 1994

챙파홍섬무우의 모상근 배양에서 몇 가지 외재 호르몬에 대한 반응을 조사하였던 바, auxins중의 2, 4-D는 안토시아닌의 생성을 촉진하였으며 동시에 뿌리의 탈분화를 유도하였다. Cytokinins은 이식 초기의 비교적 소량의 색소능 촉진효과를 나타내었으며, ABA는 색소의 발현억제 효과를 보이고 GA3 는 색소 생성에 별다른 영향을 마치지 않았다. 1mg/l의 농도에서 2, 4-D 이외의 호르몬은 모상근의 탈분화를 유도하지 않았으며, 모상근의 생장을 대조구 이하로 억제하였다. 2, 4-D와 kinetin를 처리하여 시간경과에 따른 안토시아닌 함량의 변화와 PAL, CHS의 활성변화를 조사하였다. 색소능의 변화를 볼 때, 대조구는 6일 에서 kinetin은 6-9일의 이식초기에 일시적인 색소의 증가를 보였으며, 2, 4-D 처리구는 9엘부터 증가하여 18일경에 peak를 보이며 가장 높은 색소 생성을 나타내었다. PAL의 활성 변화에 있어서는, 대조구에 비하여 kinetin, 2, 4-D처리구 둘 다 활성의 증가를 보이고 kinetin은 6 일에 서 2, 4-D는 9 일에 셔 각각 활성의 peak를 나다내였으며, 특히 2, 4$\longrightarrow$D 의 경우는 18일에서 또 한번의 약한 활성 증가를 보였다. CHS는, 대조구에서는 이식 후 3일에 활성의 일시적인 증가가 있었을 뿐 이후 계속 낮은 상태를 유지하였고 Kinetin 처리구는 6일에서 활성이 증가하여 9일에 최대활성을 보이고 이후 감소하게 된다. 2,4-D 처리구는 9일부터 활성이 증가하여 18일경 최대활성을 나타내고 이후 비교적 높은 활성수준에서 유지되였다. 이외에 이식 후 hormone free 배지 에서 2주간의 전배양 후 kinetin의 처리는 색소축적에 별다른 영향을 미치지 않았다. 이러한 결과에 따라, 2, 4-D, kinetin에 의한 안토시아닌 생성의 촉진효과는 PAL, CHS의 활성 증 가와 유의적인 연관을 나타내였으며, 특히 시간경과 에 따른 CHS의 활성 변화와 색소의 축적은 비례하여 색소 생성에 있어 CHS의 rate-limiting 역할을 제시하였다. Kinetin를 포함하는 cytokinins은 뿌리의 상처에 의한 “wound-response"에 따른 배양초기의 색소 발현을 촉진하는 작용을 하는 것으로 사료되었다. 2, 4-D와 kinetin에 의해 발현되는 PAL, CHS의 활성증감의 정도는 물론 peak를 보이는 경과시간에서의 차이는 각기 다른 조절기작을 갖는 Isozyme의 존재에 의한 것으로 추정되었다.정되었다.