• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.943-955
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• 2017

Objectives: This study aims to suggest the future direction to improve dental hygienists' competencies to communicate with patients to increase the compliance and dental service satisfaction, based on the analysis of survey data given to patients on dental hygienists' communication patterns with patients. The findings of this research is aimed to serve as the basic data for future researches on related area. Methods: A survey was conducted to ordinary people with experiences of receiving dental treatment in Gwangju and Jeonnam from July 29th 2017 to September 10th 2017. 224 copies of the questionnaire were used for final analysis. Results: The scores of each communication pattern (informative, friendly, and authoritative patterns) of dental hygienists perceived by research subjects were as follows: $3.76{\pm}0.76$, $3.47{\pm}0.62$, and $2.64{\pm}0.70$ respectively. In the effects of communication patterns on the compliance of patients, it was found that the informative communication pattern (${\beta}=0.227$, p=0.008) and friendly communication pattern (${\beta}=0.216$, p=0.012) had positive (+) effects. Conclusions: Thus, the results of this study verified that dental hygienists' communication patterns are important elements affecting patients' compliance and their satisfaction. For the smooth patient-centered bilateral communications, it will be necessary to continuously develop educational programs related to dental hygienists' communication, and also to have continuous researches targeting patient groups for the comparison to meet dental service satisfaction.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.1086-1093
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• 2012

본 연구는 유기성 바이오매스의 혐기소화율 평가에 주로 이용되는 VDI4630법에 대하여 소화액에 녹아 있는 탄산이온 ($CO_3{^{2-}}$)과 혐기소화 미생물 반응에 참여하는 수분 ($H_2O$)이 유기물의 혐기적 분해율에 미치는 영향을 분석하였으며, 이를 위해 탄산이온과 수분반응물에 의한 유기물의 혐기적 분해율 산출 보정식을 개발 하고자하였다. 돼지 혈액, 돼지 내장잔재물, 돼지 장내잔재물, 소 반추위잔재물의 화학조성식은 각각 $C_{3.78}H_{8.39}O_{1.46}N_1S_{0.01}$, $C_{9.69}H_{15.42}O_{2.85}N_1S_{0.03}$, $C_{25.17}H_{43.32}O_{15.04}N_1$, $C_{27.23}H_{42.38}O_{15.93}N_1S_{0.11}$으로 나타났으며, 돼지 혈액, 돼지 내장 잔재물, 돼지 장내잔재물, 소 반추위잔재물에서 이론적으로 1 mol의 유기물이 분해되는데, 0.336, 0.485, 0.227, 0.266 mol의 수분이 참여하였다. 혐기적 유기물 분해율에서 이론적 메탄생산퍼텐셜 대비 실험적 메탄생산퍼텐셜 ($B_u/B_{th}$)의 비율로 산출한 유기물 분해율은 돼지 혈액, 돼지 내장 잔재물, 돼지 장내잔재물, 소 반추위잔재물에서 각각 82.3, 81.5, 70.8, 66.1%이었으며, VDI4630에 근거한 유기물 분해율 (AB)은 각각 72.2, 87.8, 74.2, 62.0%를 보여 이론적 메탄생산퍼텐셜 대비 실험적 메탄생산퍼텐셜 ($B_u/B_{th}$)의 비율로 산출하는 유기물 분해율과는 전체 시험구에서 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이를 보였다. VDI4630법에 소화액 중의 알칼리도를 보정한 유기물 분해율 (AB-I)은 돼지 혈액, 돼지 내장 잔재물, 돼지 장내잔재물, 소 반추위잔재물에서 각각 72.4, 88.1, 74.5, 62.1%를 보였으며, 알칼리도와 수분 반응물을 동시에 보정한 유기물 분해율 (AB-II)에서는 각각 72.5, 88.5, 74.5, 62.3%를 보여 본 연구에서 시험한 각각의 시료에서의 유기물 분해율 AB, AB-I, AB-II 간의 평균은 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 알칼리도, 수분 반응물의 보정식은 유기물의 혐기적 분해율의 측정에서 좀 더 높은 정확도를 보일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.315-323
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• 2016

The present study is intended to study sole types necessary for shoe designs for elementary school students that are in age groups in growth periods, and 3D midsole design utilizing 3D printing technology. This study analyzed data from the 3D measurement of the feet of 1,227 elementary school students aged 7-13 years residing in the capital region conducted as part of the 6th Anthropometry of Size Korea. In addition, 3D midsoles by sole type were designed utilizing a Rhino CAD, and midsole prototypes were output utilizing a Zortrax-M200 3D Printer. Through a cluster analysis of sole shapes by type, sole shapes were classified into three types. Type 1 has small values of foot lengths and foot breadths, with large toe 1 angles and high arch heights. Type 2 has intermediate values of foot lengths and foot breadths, with small toe 1 angles and high arch heights. Type 3 has large values of foot lengths and foot breadths with small toe 1 angles and low arch heights. On reviewing the results of design of 3D midsoles by sole type, it can be seen that the midsoles were designed according to characteristics by sole type. The results of the sole type analysis in the present study are expected to be meaningful as basic data for the development of shoe insoles for elementary school students.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.227-230
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• 2007

The expansion of open education and the 7th revision of educational curriculum have brought big changes in the school facilities. In response to the integrated curriculum for the first and second grades of elementary school, various plans, such as open classroom, expanded classroom size, and the installation of multi-purpose space, have been attempted. However, such plans have appeared in the form of an open classroom--a uniform spatial composition. As a result, a plan for unit learning space to support the educational curriculum and activities for low grade levels is still insufficient. In the case of advanced countries, a lot of studies on space are being actively conducted to develop the creativity of children and to facilitate free-style learning, and such space is actually applied to a real educational environment. Therefore, this study will analyze the spatial composition of unit learning space for low grade level elementary schools in Korea. From the cases of advanced countries, a more concrete proposal will be suggested to diversify unit learning space for low grade levels.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.214-227
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• 2008

Today's dynamic competitiveness requires an organization to improve its performance measurement and management. Quality Management Systems (QMS) abound, the main ones being: ISO series, Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award (MBNQA), European Forum for Quality Management (EFQM), Six Sigma Business Scorecard and the Balanced Scorecard. Based on the literature, the IPMMM (Integrated Performance Measurement and Management Model) identified 7 key synthesized factors: leadership, strategy management and policy, customer and market, learning and growth, partnership and resources, internal processes and business results that are employed to investigate the key performance indicators of a car assembler using the Delphi methodology. In the 2 rounds of Delphi panels consisting of 20 senior management personnel, the $1^{st}$ round of 198 indicators in the IPMMM yielded 90 indicators. The $2^{nd}$ round yielded 43 performance indicators with 18 rated as critical based on the % assigned in the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ priority rating of "very important factor" and "key performance indicator" that must be ranked high on both of the priorities. The very critical indicators appeared to be: defect percentage and first time capability (tie in $1^{st}$ place) and revenue, goal setting, customer satisfaction index, on-time delivery, brand image, return on investment, Claim Occurrence Ratio, and debt being ranked from $3^{rd}$ to $10^{th}$. It can be surmised that an organization can identify and develop an appropriate set of performance indicators through the Delphi methodology and implement and manage them based on the Balanced Scorecard.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.227-241
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• 2009

This study examined to find out mediating variable between ordinary stress and anxiety-depression. The subjects were 2,844 4th grade elementary school in Korea. The instruments used were questionnaires about anxiety-depression, ordinary stress, anger control ability and negative self-concept. Data were analyzed by t-test and regression. Major findings were as follows: (1) There were significant difference in parent-, appearance-, possession-related stress, anger control ability, negative self-concept and anxiety-depression according to sex. (2) Parent-, schoolwork-, peer-, appearance-related stress and anger control ability had a significant effect on the anxiety-depression. The principal finding was that anger control ability had mediating role between ordinary stress(schoolwork-, peer-, appearance-related stress) and anxiety-depression in male, one side parent-related stress and anxiety-depression in female. (3) Parent-, schoolwork-, peer-, appearance-related stress and negative self-concept had a significant effect on the anxiety-depression. The principal finding was that negative self-concept had mediating role between ordinary stress(parent-, schoolwork-, peer-, appearance-, possession-related stress) and anxiety-depression in male, one side parent-, peer-related stress and anxiety-depression in female.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.885-891
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• 1995

In order to test the hypothesis that the pulmonic valve, when used to replace the aortic root as a pulmonary autograft, will remain a viable anatomical structure and will grow and develop normally along with the host, we performed aortic valve replacement with the pulmonary autograft in 15 neonatal piglets. The weight of the donor was 9.3 $\pm$ 0.2 kg, the recipient 9.6 $\pm$ 0.3 kg. Measured diameters of pulmonic annulus were 14 $\pm$ 0.2 mm for autograft and 14.2 $\pm$ 0.2 mm for pulmonary artery homograft. Operation was performed under cardiopulmonary bypass with deep hypothermia [20oC at low flow perfusion [70 ml/kg/min . The mean operation time was 227 $\pm$ 10 min., bypass time 152$\pm$ 7.6 min. and aortic cross clamp time 73$\pm$ 4.6 min.. 9 piglets survived more than 12 hours. One survived 12 days and died of pneumonia and the latest one survived in good condition and sacrificed at postoperative 6th week for cardiac catheterization and pathologic examination that revealed the viability and growing of the pulmonary autograft. Currently we are able to complete the operation with good preservation of cardiac function, and our postoperative care has evolved to the extent that we are now confident enough of having an acceptable percentage of long term survivors to undertake a definite study in this regard.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.243-246
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• 1990

Sixteen mature sheep were fed chaffed orchardgrass hay once a day for 7 days. In 7th day, four sheep were slaughtered either prior to eating, 2, 8 or 16 hours after the commencement of eating to measure digesta pool size and particle size distribution in the reticulo-rumen. One sheep slaughtered at 8 hours after feeding had absesses at the cardia and in the lungs and could not ruminate normally. Time spent eating and rumination in the sheep on the day before slaughtering were 85 and 29 (pseudo-rumination 227) minutes a day, compared to those were 112 and 277 minutes in the other animals, respectively. Total actual chewing time in the sheep with absesses and the other animals were 98 and $373{\pm}132$ minutes, respectively. Dry matter(DM) intake in the sheep was $2.9g/kgBW^{0.75}$ which was only about 17% of that in the other animals. The pool sizes of reticulo-rumen DM and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were somewhat smaller in the sheep than the others. The pool sizes of large particle (>1.18mm) DM and NDF in the animal were similar with those in the other animals. Mean DM retention time in the sheep was 207.4 hours which was about 4.2 times longer than that in the other animals.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.397-403
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• 1997

This study examined the changes of chemical components in Dongchimi when ginseng and pineneedle were added 0.1% and 0.3%, respectively. Those were fermented at room temperature for the first day and at 4$^{\circ}C$ from the second to 29th day. The contents of reducing sugar was significantly increased during fermentation, and showed the highest content in Dongchimi added pineneedle. The contents of proteins were also increased in the Dongchimi with pineneedle during 8 days of fermentation, while the others increased throughout 29 days of fermentation. The contents of non-volatile organic acids were 2.79~4.80 mg/100 ml at the end of fermentation, and the content of lactic acid was the highest among them. Free sugars of the Dongchimi were composited sucrose, glucose and fructose, and the contents of those were in the range of 227.4~247.0 mg/100ml in 8 days of fermentation, then increased to 705.2~943.7mg/100ml in 29 days. the Dongchimi contained 17 kinds of free amino acids except lysine, arginine were the majority of them, and sarcosine, $\beta$-aminoisobutyric acid and ${\gamma}$-aminoisobutyric acid were the major portion of amino acid dervatives.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.227-245
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to analyze the reorganization of periodontal ligament after collagenase treatment with autoradiography. The author compared the collagenase-treated experimental group and no-treated experimental group with control group. Fourty eight Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into nine groups, including normal control and immediate group. Closed coil springs were used between the upper incisors and the first molars with 100 grams. Collagenase and $^3H-proline$ were adminstered and the samples were sacrificed and sectioned. After being dipped into the NTB-3 emulsion the samples were analyzed with light microscope under H/E stain. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA. The results were as follows: 1) Generally collagenase-treated groups got more $^3H-proline$ uptake than no-treated groups. 2) Compared with normal control group, collagenase-treated group had the same $^3H-proline$ uptake in amount at 21th day. 3) Among cemento-enamel junction, middle, apex areas, cementa-enamel junction area of collagenase-treated group arrived at normal control level earlier than no-treated group. 4) Cemento-enamel junction area had the most $^3H-proline$ incorporation amount in no-treated group, but apex area had the most in collagenase group.