• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.235-240
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• 2003

The $Al/Al_2O_3$ composites fabricated by powder in sheath rolling method were cold-rolled by 50% reduction and annealed for 1.8 ks at various temperatures ranging from 200 to 50$0^{\circ}C$, for improvement of the mechanical properties. The mechanical properties and texture of the composites after rolling and annealing were investigated. The tensile strength of the composites increased significantly due to work hardening after cold rolling, however it decreased due to restoration after annealing. The strength of the composites was improved by thermo mechanical treatment. On the other hand, the texture evolution with annealing temperatures wa,i different between the unreinforced material and the composites. The unreinforced material showed a deformation (rolling) texture of which main component is ｛112｝<111> at annealing temperatures up to 30$0^{\circ}C$. However, the composites have already exhibited a recrystallization texture of which main component is ｛001｝<100> after annealing at 20$0^{\circ}C$. This proves that the critical temperature for recrystailization is lower in the composites than in the unreinforced ones.

• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2009

Magnesium alloys are drawing a lot of attention and have been extensively studied. The major obstacle to the practical application of the alloys is the poor formability at room temperature, originating basically from the insufficient number of slip system. Development of a proper texture is one promising solution to improve the formability. In the present work, after extrusion and full annealing, microstructures, texture developments and tensile properties of AZ31 Mg alloys are studied. After full annealing strong <1010>||ED fiber texture and weak <1120>+<1230>||ED fiber texture (c-axes in the radial direction) were developed. The textures are distinctly influencing the tensile properties, which can be understood in terms of the activation of basal slip modes. With the random orientation, which is developed in the $45^{\circ}$ sample to the extrusion direction, the better workability can be achieved at room temperature.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2001

This study investigated the quality characteristics of yeast breads with addition of hot air-dried yam powder (HDYP) and freeze-dried yam powder (FDYP), using several physical and sensory examinations. Breads were made of imported wheat flour (IWF) or Korean wheat flour (KWF). HDPY and FDYP were added to the bread formula at three levels of 3, 5, and 7%. The addition of yam powders required an increase of water absorption. As the addition of HDYP/FDYP increased, IWF dough stickiness increased and thus handling property became inferior to the control. Especially, handling property of KWF bread dough containing FDYP was most poor among the dough samples. With HDYP/FDYP, final volumes of bread made from IWF were similar to the control when 3~5% HDYPs were added whereas loaf volumes decreased significantly as the amount of added FDYP increased, indicating volume depressing effect. In bread scoring, texture scores increased when yam powders were added that hardness, chewiness, cohesiveness and guminess of KWF bread increased as the amounts of yam powders increased. The "L" value of IWF bread crumb decreased with the addition of yam powders. From sensory evaluation using acceptability scores, the results gave us that appearance, grain, texture, flavor, taste and overall acceptability of KWF bread could be more improved with the addition of yam powders than those of IWF bread.IWF bread.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.370-378
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of added nutriprotein and rice powder as a plasticizer on physicohemical property, texture property of Backsulgi. In the physicochemical property, the content of proximate composition of nutriprotein was measured as 6.1% of moisture, 3.6% of carbohydrate, 84.3% of crude protein, 0.6% of crude lipid, 5.4% of ash. The raw material of rice powder was measured as 9.6% of moisture, 83.7% of carbohydrate, 6.0% of crude protein, 0.4% of crude lipid, 0.3% of ash. Swelling power and pore ratio of the control were 78.53% and 72.42%, and tended to increase as the amounts of nutriprotein and plastic rice powder increased. Aging by Avrami eguation retarded in Backsulgi added 10% plastic rice powder than rice powder Backsulgi. All the samples added 2, 4, 6, and 8% nutriprotein at the temperatures of 20 were more effective than others on aging. In texture properties, cohesiveness and springiness were not significantly changed by adding nutriprotein and not significantly changed during the storage period in all samples. Hardness and gumminess decreased by adding 2∼8% nutriprotein and increased during the storage period in all samples. Springiness and gumminess decreased by adding 40% plastic rice powder and increased during the storage period in all sample. Cohesiveness and hardness decreased by the increase of plastic rice powder. The texture characteristics by rheometer showed that Backsulgi with nutriprotein and plastic rice powder exhibited lower in hardness than the control, indicating that nutriprotein and plastic rice powder were effective in retarding retrogradation, which is better when storage time became longer.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제31권9_10
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• pp.1475-1486
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• 2007

This study aims to develop knitted ware design to meet desire to express diversity in the modern fashion design so that we designed knitted ware by applying african geometric pattern and color to suggest new knitted ware design. We collect data about african texture pattern through technical books, publications, internet, and preceding research and visit and investigate the African museum. We investigate knitted Jacquard texture through preceding research and collect sample and data which is insufficient in the data source. The conclusions in this study are summarized as follows: First, African textile pattern is formulated with animism based on their religious view of art for a basis and African regards nature like animal and plant as a motive and interprets nature in the so that they can create symbolized geometric features that constitute African texture pattern. Those patterns is composed of extremely geometric figures so that they we fit to apply for color jacquad knit design. Second, color knitted jacquad can be distinguished by knitting method and status of knitting as 7 kinds of techniques such as Nomal, Bird'eye, Floating, Tubular, Ladder's back, Blister, Transfer Jacquard, and as a result of preceding research and knitting texture directly, jacquard technique makes different texture under same condition like consistent spinning rate and same crochet hook. Third, Bird'eye Jacquard used generally to make knitted ware and Ladder's back Jacquard, Tubular Jacquard used to make knitted ware light are fit to apply them to 7GG and 12GG machines. We design a cloak as a outer garment, a coat shaped like one-piece dress and a coat with hood by using Tubular Jacquard which can make thick texture and design a jacket, a skirt and a one-piece dress by using Bird'eye Jacquard. we make a light and flimsy one-piece dress by using Ladder's back Jacquard. Fourth, we apply the contrast of $4{\sim}6$ color and line and the contrast of texture and raw material to jacquard in order to emphasize texture property and visual property.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.193-204
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• 2002

Many fashion forecasting companies propose the fashion colors in every season. Modern fashion consumer respond to fashionable trends with utmost sensitivity. Therefore to satisfy the consumer with an trendy image, the fashion design must be found first, as image matters, followed by an analysis of each design element's effect on the total image composition. In previous studies of fashion image, has been discussed the positive correlation between fashion design elements of color, fabric, and form as the central issue. In this thesis, two of the fashion design elements, color and fabric are simultaneously considered to classify the image of fabric in fashion. For the color variables, 10 hues are selected from Munsell's system of color notation, and 12 tones from PCCS color notation., which are currently used in the domestic fashion industry. Texture variables used in this survey are classified by luster, prominence-depression of surface, thickness, and density of fabric. Graduate students from 20 to 50 years old and the specialists in fashion companies participated in the survey. The results of this survey are as follows: 1. The fashion fabric image is classified as 5 main images: 'elegant', 'comfortable', 'characteristic', 'light'and 'simple'. 2. The influence of hue, tone and texture is significant to the fashion fabric image. Following colors, yellow-red, red hues and light grayish, dark grayish tones convey the elegant image. The texture property for the elegant image is luster, thin and low density. Properties of fabric conveying the comfortable image are yellow-red and green-yellow hue, soft, light tones, matte and high density. Furthermore, hue turned out to be a insignificant variables for the unique image, whereas dark grayish, grayish tone, luster and prominent texture convey a unique image. For light image, properties of fabric are blue-green, purple hues, light, bright tones with thin, low density texture. Properties of fabric conveying the simple image are blue-green, purple-blue, green-yellow hues, and strong, vivid tones, with luster and flat texture.

• 인지과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.39-49
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• 1999

본 연구에서 사용된 결 자극(texture stimulus)은 확률의 개념을 이용하여 만들어졌다. 결 자극은 결 요소들의 확률분포로부터 계산된 평균과 분산으로 완전하게 기술되어 질 수 있으며, 또한 평균과 분산이 서로 직교로(orthogonal) 변화할 수 있는 유클리드 공간 속에 위치할 수 있게 된다. 결 분리과정에 관여하는 기제로는 결의 평균정보를 사용하는 기제와 결의 분산정보를 사용하는 기제가 있을 것으로 가정하였다. 본 실험에서는 유클리드 결 공간에서 짝 지워진 결 자극을 분리하는 확률을 결 자극의 평균차이와 분산차이의 함수로서 측정하였다. 두 명의 피험자로부터 얻어진 자료는 평균과 분산으로 정의된 결 공간에 두 가지 기제가 결 분리과정에 관여하고 있음을 보여주었다. 그리고 두 기제의 반응을 확률 총합(probability summation) 원리에 따라 종합적으로 처리한다는 모형이 자료를 잘 설명하였다. 그러나 두 기제가 담당하는 결 자극의 각각의 차원이 결의 평균과 분산은 아닌 것으로 밝혀졌다. 그러므로 평균과 분산이 독립적인 축을 형성하도록 구성된 유클리드 공간에서 생성된 결 자극의 분리과정에는 두 개의 상호 독립적인 기제가 관여하고 있다. 각 기제의 특성을 살펴보면, 한 기제는 결 자극의 밝기 정보를 처리하고, 다른 기제는 결의 밝기(luminance)정보와 대비 성(contrastness) 정보를 동시에 처리하는 것처럼 보인다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.450-454
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• 2001

The physical properties of ramyon made of potato starch at various levels (12, 14 16%) were investigated to find out the effect of potato starch on ramyon quality. The higher starch content in dough, the higher water content after steaming and the lower moisture content after deep frying. As the starch content increased, the magnitudes of extrusion work of cooked ramyon and capillary viscosity of ramyon soup increased but the starting temperature of gelatinization decreased. There was a good correlation ($R^2$=0.99) between extrusion work and capillary viscosity. Firmness and chewiness values measured by texture analyser decreased with increase in starch content while tenderness and overall texture preference evaluated by sensory analysis increased.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.845-855
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• 2001

Now the most important thing in fashion industry is find out the fashion sensibility and preference of customers exactly. Thus it is needed that fashion sensibility is connected with formative properties in clothing. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between the fashion sensibility and the formative properties in clothing. 91 kinds of costume samples have been selected from photographs in fashion magazines under color combination, inside form, texture, pattern type in clothing. I have measured fashion sensibility by using Semantic Differential method. The obtained data were analyzed by GLM, discriminant analysis. The results of analysis are as follow; 1. The discriminative images were significant difference in formative properties - color combination was related to attractiveness, inner form to decorativeness, pattern to harmony and texture to surface of soft and hard in clothing. 2. fashion sensibility was significant relationship with formative properties especially inner form in clothing. And the trimming was identified as gorgeous and feminine. 3. Preference, Buying needs, Riches and Pleasant were significant relationship with formative properties in clothing especially color combination and texture.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.335-344
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• 2001

Texture is extensively studied in a variety of image processing applications such as image segmentation and classification because it is an important property to perceive regions and surfaces. This paper focused on the analysis and synthesis of textured single and multiband images using Markov Random Field model considering the existent spatial correlation. Especially, for multiband images, the cross-channel correlation existing between bands as well as the spatial correlation within band should be considered in the model. Although a local interaction is assumed between the specified neighboring pixels in MRF models, during the maximization process, short-term correlations among neighboring pixels develop into long-term correlations. This result in exhibiting phase transition. In this research, the role of temperature to obtain the most probable state during the sampling procedure in discrete Markov Random Fields and the stopping rule were also studied.