• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제35권5호
• /
• pp.141-150
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this study was the development of the parenting stress scale, necessary to understand the details of the difficulties for a working mother having children from infant to preschooler. Relevant works were reviewed to collect 44 items for the questionnaire from the previous researchs, and additional 34 are combined as a set of measure items. The 78 items were analyzed for the fitness of structure based on the chi-square test and Cramer's V coefficients, and 35 were selected as a final set for the questionnaire. Further factor analysis on the 35 items showed that they could be selected 32 items of the 35 item scale and composed of 3 subscales; namely, the first factor(12 items) as‘typical stress due to the parenting’, the second(12 items) as‘pressures pertaining to the parental role and distress’, and the third(8 items) as’guilty to the parenting by others’. This final questionnaire composed of 32 items was also tested for the concurrent validity based on Pearson's correlation with Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), which is a well-known index to represent the socio-psychological stress. The correlation factor is .41(p＜.001), which justifies the fitness of the newly designed questionnaire. To find the confidence level, the Cronbach α was evaluated, which results .88 for the overall questionnaire and ranges between .76 and .82 for each subcale. This parenting scale can be also utilized as a measure to exploit proper programs for the parent-child relations, parent education and rehabitilation of the family function.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 1987

The purpose of this study was to develope a questionaire measuring clothing behavior of elementary school children. At first, after pretest, the clothing behavior questionaire consisted of 70 items which were devidad. into 7 subscales i.e. Clothing interest. Clothing satisfaction. Clothing management, Clothing sex-role. Clothing comfort. Clothing conformity. and Clothing independence. Each item was rated on a 3-point scale. Samples were 447 boys and girls (4 th, 5 th, 6 th grade) of three elementary schools in Seoul. Korea. The data were analyzed by item analysis and factor analysis. Factor analysis was useful in attempting to establish contruct validity. Item validity was examined based on the correlation coefficients and item discriminating power through the chi-square. Reliability was examined based on the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient and test-retest method. With this analysis the subscales were reconstructed to following 6 factors. Clothing conformity items were not clustered by the factor analysis. 52 items of 6 factors selected by the analysis. The factors characteristics were as follows: 1. Clothing interest (10 items) 2. Clothing satisfaction (11 items) 3. Clothing management (8 items) 4. Clothing sex-role (12 items) 5. Clothing comfort (6 items) 6. Clothing independence (5 items)

• 여성건강간호학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.107-116
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop a cultural competence scale for nurses regarding the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community and to test its validity and reliability. Methods: The study adhered to the 8-step process outlined by DeVellis, with an initial set of 25 items derived through a literature review and individual interviews. Following an expert validity assessment, 24 items were validated. Subsequently, a preliminary survey was conducted among 23 nurses with experience caring for LGBT patients. Data were then collected from a final sample of 322 nurses using the 24 items. Item analysis, item-total score correlation, examination of construct and convergent validity, and reliability testing were performed. Results: The item-level content validity index exceeded .80, and the explanatory power of the construct validity was 63.63%. The factor loadings varied between 0.57 and 0.80. The scale comprised five factors: cultural skills, with seven items; cultural awareness, with five items; cultural encounters, with three items; cultural pursuit, with three items; and cultural knowledge, with three items; totaling 21 items. Convergent validity demonstrated a high correlation, affirming the scale's validity. Internal consistency analysis yielded an overall reliability coefficient of 0.97, signifying very high reliability. Each item is scored from 1 to 6 (total score range, 21-126), with higher scores reflecting greater cultural competence in LGBT care. Conclusion: This scale facilitates the measurement of LGBT cultural competence among nurses. Therefore, its use should provide foundational data to support LGBT-focused nursing education programs.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.62-79
• /
• 2009

In the present study I developed the test for earth scientific creativity level and verified means to measure scientific creativity. I developed 22 test items and after being examined by science education specialist, 11 items were finally established, and these were applied to 104 middle students. Each answer paper was graded according to the standard answer that I developed and the results of analysis are as follows. First, to verify the validity of measuring means I figured out content validity. The content validity about test items and adequacy of evaluation goal was examined by 1 science education specialist and 3 middle school science teachers, 6 education graduate students. As a result of validity verification, the content validity was 82.7% and it showed that the test of earth scientific creativity was valid for evaluation goal and sub-factors of creativity. Second, to verify reliability of measuring means, I analyzed internal consistency of the test sheet of earth scientific creativity after finding correlation coefficient and Cronbach's $\alpha$. Cronbach's $\alpha$, the internal reliability coefficient, was 0.848. Therefore, it was verified that this test sheet of earth scientific creativity is reliable to measure the creativity of the middle school students. The correlation between sub-factors of creativity was statistically significant, and for the relation between the variables related to creativity, the originality was the most significant. This shows that in the procedure of scientific creativity and studying science, originality should be the most important factor.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.67-80
• /
• 2022

최근 들어 세탁 가전제품은 사물인터넷(IoT) 기능을 적용한 제품이 많이 출시되고 있으나 IoT 기능에 대한 품질평가 시험은 거의 없는 게 현실이다. 특히 기존의 시험체제에서는 IoT 기능을 적용한 세탁 가전제품에 대해 IoT 시험항목이 마련되어 있지 않기 때문에 제품을 제조하는 제조사의 경우에는 결함이 발생하더라도 원인을 쉽게 찾기가 어려우며, 시험기관의 경우에도 IoT와 관련한 시험항목 선정 및 방법의 부재로 올바른 성능시험 수행에 제약이 있다. 본 논문에서는 가전기기 분야의 제품 중 IoT 기능을 적용한 세탁 가전제품에 대해 성능시험 프로세스에서 제품 결함을 찾아내고 그 원인을 식별할 수 있도록 IoT 시험항목을 공용성과 가변성으로 구분한 시험항목 프레임워크를 설계하고, 이를 이용한 시험방법 및 관리방안을 제안한다. 제안하는 연구를 통해 제조사 및 시험기관은 IoT 기능을 적용한 세탁 제품의 올바른 성능시험이 가능하여, 제품의 완성도를 높이고 신뢰성을 확보할 수 있다.

• 시스템엔지니어링워크숍
• /
• 통권1호
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2003

Systems engineering test and evaluation technology development program for (Korea) Express Tilting Train(TTX) system in progress is a national large system development program that is not only a large-size and complex but also muti-disciplinary in nature. For the TTX test and evaluation technology development, verification requirements that could verify system function and performance, should be derived from system specification. Hereafter, this could be listed as items of test. System engineering process establishes traceability between items of test and system requirements. These tasks could be accomplished by the schema. Using the Core, a system engineering tool, TTX program could be database and oter system related to TTX program will be developed effectively and efficiency.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.519-524
• /
• 2003

Systems engineering test and evaluation technology development program for (Korea) Express Tilting Train(TTX) system in progress is a national large system development program that is not only a large-size and complex but also multi-disciplinary in nature. For the TTX test and evaluation technology development, verification requirements that could verify system function and performance, should be derived from system specification. Hereafter, this could be listed as items of test. System engineering process establish traceability between items of test and system requirements. These tasks could be accomplished by the schema. Using the Core, a system engineering tool, TTX program could be database and similar other system could be developed effectively and efficiency

• 대한산업공학회지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.91-97
• /
• 1988

In accelerated life testing, a relationship is usually assumed between the stress and a parameter of the lifetime distribution. However, the true relationship is not usually known, and therefore, the experimenter may wish to provide protections against the likely departures from the assumed relationship. This paper considers an accelerated life test in which two stress levels are involved, and the lifetime of each test item at a stress level is assumed to have an independent, identical, exponential distribution. For the case where a first order relationship is assumed while the true one is quadratic, a procedure is developed for allocating test items to stress levels such that the bias and/or the variance of the estimated(log-transformed) mean lifetime at the use condition is minimized.

• 호스피스학술지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to promote the popularization of hospice services by providing the information about the influences of hospice training on participants. We compared differences of attitudes toward death between those of pre-training and post-training by use of questionnaire. This study involved 137 volunteers participating in the hospice training held by one hospice center located in K-city. The questionnaire was composed of 46 items, 21 items of general information and 25 items of information about attitudes toward death. We applied Park's translated version(1992), originally distributed by Thorson and Powell(1988), in the assessment of participants' changed attitudes toward death. Participants were asked to fill out the questionnaire before and after the hospice training. The data were analged by frequency. ANOVA t-test, paired t-test. The results were as follows, 1.Pre-training items holding a high rank were 'The subject about the future life after death is distressing'(F=5.20), 'No worry about any occurrences around the body after a funeral'(F=4.75), 'Having little interest in being laid in a coffin after death'(F=4.56); items holding a low rank were 'Having little interest in any occurrences around the body after death'(F=2.22), 'Willing to deal with the aftermath of the death in detail'(F=1.94), 'No fear to have an idea to be cancerous'(F=1.72). 2.Post-training items holding a high rank were 'No fear to be dead as a result of sufferings from long-lasting illness'(F=3.18), 'No fear to have an idea to be cancerous'(F=3.16)', Having little interest in the future life after death'(F=3.09); items holding a low rank were 'Unpleasant to be not able to move after death(F=1.74), 'Distressing not to know about the future life after death'(F=1.61), 'The subject about the future life after death is distressing'(F=1.60). 3.There were significant difference in participants' attitudes toward death. Compared with pretraining(F=3.97), more positive were developed in post training(F=2.30). The results of this study indicate that hospice training renders positive regards toward death to the participants. Therefore every human being, who is able to speculate about the meaning of death, has to be exposed to the hospice training. In conclusion, hospice training should be popularized in the near future.

• 한국의류산업학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.151-162
• /
• 2019

This study identifies influential factors in regards to the purchase of celebrity fashion hot items and compares these factors in the age groups of teens and twenties. This study surveyed male and female consumers aged 10-20 years old for empirical analysis in July 2018. The study surveyed 322 consumers selected through online convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS for Windows 19.0, descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, ${\chi}^2$ analysis, regression analysis, ANOVA analysis, Duncan test, and t-test. The results were as follows. First, 87.6% of consumer have purchased celebrity fashion hot items more than once. In particular, female consumers in their 20s with a high fashion product expenditure tend to purchase more celebrity fashion hot items. Clothes and shoes were purchased more by 10-year-old males, shoes for males in their 20s, accessories for 10-year-old females female, and bags and accessories for female in their 20s. Second, there were no significant differences for those aged 10-20 years old in purchase satisfaction for celebrity fashion hot items according to age, gender, income, and fashion product expenditure. Consumers' awareness on corporate marketing intention to celebrity fashion hot items was higher among women in their 20s than men in their teens and twenties; in addition, the expenditure on fashion products also increased. Third, factors affecting the purchase of celebrity fashion hot items among teens and twenties were different according to age and gender. A higher need for identification for teenage male resulted in: lower media dependency, higher product involvement, fashion conformity, fashion innovativeness for 20s males, higher product involvement for 10s and 20s females, increased intention to purchase tended. This study provides consumer information and fashion item information that can be utilized in advertisement and promotion strategies for fashion companies that seek to perform celebrity marketing strategies that target consumers aged 10-20 years old.