• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.103-109
• /
• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of music therapy on the anxiety and distress in patients taking thoracentesis. Methods: The quasi-experimental design was used with a nonequivalent control group pre-post test time series. Participatns were divided into the experimental (n=20) or control group (n=20). Music therapy was given to the experimental group with a CD that was made by the investigator by themes. The research tools included the VAS Anxiety Inventory, and the Subjective and Objective Distress Inventory. Data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0 program by ${\chi}^2$-test and t-test. Results: There were statistically significant differences in state (VAS) anxiety and subjective distress between two groups. Conclusion: The music therapy was effective in reducing the anxiety and subjective distress of patients taking thoracentesis. In the future, music therapy will be useful in the field of nursing as a nursing intervention to alleviate stress and enhance well-being.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.52-62
• /
• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of Doin Gigong Exercise on the Recovery from Facial Paralysis, pain and anxiety in patients with Bell's palsy. Methods: A nonequivalent control group posttest-only non-synchronized design was used for this study. Participants were contacted at the oriental medicine ward of D hospital in Busan and assigned to either the experimental group (25) or control group (25). Collected data were analyzed for changes in recovery from facial paralysis, in pain and in anxiety between pre and post Doin Gigong Exercise. Data analysis was done using t-test, Fisher's exact test, $x^2-test$ with the SPSS 12.0 Win program. Results: There were significant decreases in the lip paralysis status pain and in anxiety between pre and post Doin Gigong Exercise. Conclusion: The results indicate that Doin Gigong Exercise is effective for patients with Bell's palsy to decrease lip paralysis, pain and anxiety and therefore, an effective intervention for use with patients with Bell's palsy.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 2005

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of foot reflexology on depression and anxiety in coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Method: The research design used was a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The foot reflexology was performed for 60 minutes twice a week through five weeks in the experimental group, not in the control group. The subjects of this study consisted of both the experimental group of twenty-nine and the control group of thirty coal workers' pneumoconiosis. The data were collected from December 10, 2002 to February 15, 2003. To evaluate the effects of foot reflexology the scores of depression and anxiety were measured before and after the experiment in both groups. Data of this experiment were analyzed by Chi-square test, t-test, unpaired t-test, ANCOVA and Repeated Measures ANOVA with the SAS Program. Results: The score of depression decreased in the experimental group, not in the control group. There was a significant difference of depression between the two groups. The score of anxiety decreased in the experimental group, not in the control group. There was a significant difference of anxiety between the two groups. Conclusion: As a summary of the study results, foot reflexology was regarded that it attributed to the emotional promotion of coal workers' pneumoconiosis. Therefore the foot reflexology is considered that might be used as an effective skill of nursing intervention program for coal workers' pneumoconiosis.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.171-179
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of progressive muscle relaxation on nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anxiety, and depression in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental research using non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design. Data were collected from outpatients in a university hospital from April to August, 2009. There were 74 participants, 39 in the experimental group and 35 in the control group. The experimental group was given daily the progressive muscle relaxation for 20 min during three weeks. The structured questionnaire was used to measure nausea, vomiting, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 12.0 program, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact test, t-test and ANCOVA were conducted to examine the homogeneity and the research hypotheses. Results: There were statistically significant decreases in anxiety and depression in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences in nausea, vomiting, and fatigue between the groups. Conclusion: In this study, progressive muscle relaxation was effective in alleviating anxiety and depression of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Therefore, progressive muscle relaxation can be usefully utilized as a nursing intervention that enhances psychological function of cancer patients.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2008

The aim of the present study was to develop a cognitive-behavioral group therapy program for social anxiety in Korean adolescents and to examine its efficacy through pre-, post- and 2-year follow-up tests. The program included cognitive restructuring, exposure training and social skills training. KSAS-A and SASC-R were administered to 588 1st grade middle-school female students to assess their social anxiety levels. On the basis of double criteria procedure(top 10% scores on both scales), 59 students were selected initially. Individuals currently receiving clinical treatment were excluded. Finally, 40 students were selected and randomly assigned to either a treatment group or a wait-list control group. The program consisted of 12 weekly sessions, approximately 1.5-2 hours in duration. Whereas pre- and post-tests were administered to both groups, follow-up tests were administered to the treatment group only. The collected data were statistically analyzed through independent t-test and paired t-test. The results of the study were as follows: 1) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a very significant reduction in social anxiety and fear of negative evaluation by others in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 2) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a significant reduction in negative automatic thoughts in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 3) At post-test students in the treatment group showed a significant improvement in overall social skills in comparison with those in the wait-list group. 4) At post-test students in the wait-list group showed a significant increase in both social anxiety and negative automatic thoughts in comparison with those in the treatment group. 5) At 3-month, 1-year and 2-year follow-ups, the program's effectiveness was maintained.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.147-158
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of music therapy on state anxiety, perception of pain of dental patients. The subjects consisted of forty patients undergoing dental treatment at one dental clinic. Twenty eight of them were assigned to the experimental group, while twelve subjects to the control group. The data were collected from June 29 to August 1, 1998 by means of a state anxiety scale (by Spielberger) questionnaire and visual analog scale for pain measurement. The data were analysed with $X^2$-test, t-test, and paired t-test. The results are as follows 1) There were no significant differences between the experimental and the control group on the post treatment the state anxiety score. However, in the experimental group, the state anxiety score decreased significantly after music therapy(t=3.19, p=0.003). In the control group, the state anxiety score did not decrease significantly(t=1.65, p=0.126). Especially, high score group on the state anxiety was found to be of significant differences in the experimental group (t=3.09, p=0.007). 2) There were no significant differences between the experimental and the control group on the post treatment perception of pain. However, after music therapy, the experimental group had a lower post treatment perception of pain than the control group. 3) After music therapy, subjective response of the experimental group was one of relative contentment. From these results, it is concluded that music therapy as a nursing intervention can be effective in decreasing anxiety in dental patients.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.194-203
• /
• 2008

Objectives : This study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between somatic symptoms, depression, anxiety and cognitive function in the patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury(MTBI). Methods : Thirty seven patients with MTBI were selected from those patients who had visited the Department of Neuropsychiatry of Wonkwang University Hospital from 2003 to 2007. To assess and quantify the somatic symptoms, depression and anxiety, Personality Assessment Inventory(PAI) was used. Assessment of cognitive function was carried out by using Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(K-WAIS), Rey-Kim Memory Test, and Kims Executive Function Test. The effects of somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety on the cognitive function were evaluated by Pearson correlation test. Results : Somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety, all showed inverse correlation to cognitive function. Specifically, 1) an increase in somatic symptoms was associated with a decrease in attention, verbal short term memory, verbal recall and recognition, and visual memory. 2) An increase in anxiety was associated with a decrease in verbal recall and recognition. 3) An increase in depression was associated with a decrease in cognitive function that requires high attention and verbal memory. Conclusion : The patients with MTBI displayed diverse symptoms ranging from cognitive impairment to somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Somatic and emotional symptoms were correlated with cognitive function(especially executive function). Importantly, this study raises the possibility of treating the cognitive impairment associated with MTBI by treating somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.107-120
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing death anxiety, hospices knowledge, and attitude towards end-of-life care among paramedic students. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 196 paramedic students in D university college in J city from November 2011 to November 2014. The study instruments included death anxiety, hospices knowledge, and attitude towards end-of-life care. Data were analyzed by t test, ANOVA, post hoc $Scheff{\acute{e}}$ test, Pearson's correlation test, and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS v. 20.0. Results: According to a stepwise regression on the factors influencing attitudes towards end-of-life care, 80.4% of variance (F=161.360, p<.001) was explained by experience of death, hospices knowledge, disappearance of death anxiety, satisfaction with relationships (${\geq}2$) and student attitude toward end-of-life care. In addition, 44.1% of the variance (F=39.434, p<.001) was explained by experience of death, satisfaction with relationship(${\leq}4$), warning of others about death anxiety, and family attitude towards end-of-life care. Conclusion: The attitude towards end-of-life care was influenced by hospices knowledge and death anxiety in paramedic students. It is necessary to provide training in understanding attitudes towards death anxiety and end-of-life care. An effective educational program should be developed and implemented among paramedic students to improve their awareness of death and anxiety hospices knowledge.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.654-665
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of music therapy on the preoperative anxiety of surgerial patients. The research design was a nonequivalent control, group non-synch-ronized design. The data were collected during the period from January 4 to March 17, 1999 at C-University hospital in Seoul. The subjects were sixty patients who had surgery under general anesthesia and had undergone laparotomy. They were assigned to two groups, thirty to the experimental group and thirty to the control group. They also did not have any complication, were alert enough to be interviewed and agreed willingly to participate in this study. The tool of Trait Anxiety Inventory was used to measure trait-anxiety on all patients and the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) was used to measure state-anxiety on all patients. And systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate, and blood sugar levels were collected a the day before surgery and the preoperative period. The experimental group received music therapy with self-selected music tapes after choosing from a Music Preference Questionnaire, while the control group didn't receive music therapy. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The preoperative state anxiety of the experimental group was re-markably lower than that of the control group. 2. Decreasing rate in the vital signs of the experimental group was remarkably lower than that of the control group. 3. The preoperative blood sugar of the experimental group was remarkably lower than that of the control group. According to these results, Music Therapy can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieves preoperative anxiety of surgical patients and helper stabilize vital signs. From this study, the following recommendations can be made: 1. In order to decrease surgical patient's preoperative anxiety, I suggest the nursing intervention should go side by side with music therapy.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.1277-1284
• /
• 2005

Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effect of delivery nursing care using essential oils on labor stress response, labor anxiety and postpartum status anxiety for primipara. Methods: This study used nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this experiment consisted of forty eight primipara with single gestation, full term, & uncomplicated pregnancies. Twenty four primipra were in the experimental and control group each. Their mean age was 27.9 years old, their mean gestation period 279.9 days. As a treatment, delivery nursing care using essential oils was applied by nurses. Data collected epinephrine, norepinephrine, anxiety during labor. In the 24 hours after birth, the data for the postpartum mother's status anxiety was collected. Data was analyzed by t-test, repeated measures ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, & Wilcoxon signed ranks test with SPSS Program. Results : Plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine were significantly low in the experimental group (P=0.001, P=0.033, respectively). There was no significant difference between the two groups in anxiety during labor and postpartum mother's status anxiety. Conclusion : These findings indicate that delivery nursing care using essential oils could be effective in decreasing plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine. But, that could not be verified in decreasing mother's anxiety.