• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.103-114
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• 2009

긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악장애환자의 연령에 따른 통증의 양상을 관찰하고자 국제두통학회의 진단기준에 부합되는 긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악장애환자 170명을 실험군으로 하고, 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애환자 222명을 대조군으로 하여 통증의 질과 강도, 양측성 유무 그리고 일상생활에서의 증감 유무 등을 관찰하고 통계 처리하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애 환자에서 통증의 질은 연령별 차이가 없었지만, 긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악장애 환자에서는 연령별 차이가 있었다(p=0.042). 2. 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애 환자에서 통증의 강도는 연령별 차이가 있었고(p=0.00), 긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악 장애 환자에서도 연령별 차이가 있었다(p=0.004). 3. 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애 환자에서 통증의 양측성 유무는 연령별 차이가 없었고, 긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악장애 환자에서도 연령별 차이는 없었다. 4. 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애 환자에서 일상생활에 따른 통증의 증가 유무는 연령별 차이가 없었고, 긴장성 두통이 있는 측두하악장애 환자에서도 연령별 차이가 없었다. 연령별 차이는 긴장성 두통이 있는 경우와 없는 경우 동일하게 통증의 강도에서는 있었고, 양측성 유무 그리고 일상생활 유무에서는 없었지만, 긴장성 두통이 없는 측두하악장애 환자의 통증의 질에서는 연령별 차이가 없었지만 긴장성 두통이 있는 경우에는 연령별 차이가 있기 때문에 긴장성 두통이 있는 환자를 진료할 때는 연령에 따른 통증의 질과 강도를 고려해야 하며, 이에 따른 추가적이고 지속적인 연구가 필요하리라고 사료된다.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to review the effectiveness of Chuna manual therapy for the treatment of tension type headache(TTH). Methods : All processes were independently carried out by three investigators. Literature search was performed in 3 databases(pubmed, OASIS, NDSL) from their inception to May 2016. Searched reports was twice excluded for title, abstract and body. And then, data extract and analysis was done before assessing risk of bias by Cochrane Handbook. Results : 11 RCT were included. Generally, Fascia Chuna therapy and Chuna spine & joint manipulation therapy were used for TTH. Except for 1 report, Chuna manual therapy was shown to be effective in treating TTH. In assessing risk of bias, because of the characteristic of intervention, blinding of participants was high risk of bias in most reports. Conclusions : Chuna manual therapy was shown to be effective in treating TTH. In korea, better designed trials with high quality is needed from now on.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호통권28호
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• pp.139-150
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• 1996

H/T(High Tension) bolt is generally being used in joining the members of steel structure. It has some difficulties in management such as an adequate fastening force and a selection of proper instrument for fastening. T/S(Torque Shear Type High Tension) bolt which is more convenient and easier than H/T bolt in quality control has recently been developed. T/S bolts are produced and widely used these days in domestic, but those have not a detail regulation for their on. Those are only being used according to the specification for the H/T bolts. In this study, we tried to confirm the soundness of T/S bolts by the fatigue test of the modified specimens. First, we measured the reduction rate of the initial axial force with time at bolts. Second, we investigated the slip forces of bolts when the test specimen is loaded in tension. Third, we implemented the fatigue tests. During the test, we measured the variation of the axial forces of bolts under the cyclic loading. Finally, we compared and analyzed the fatigue behavior of H/T and T/S bolt, by S-N curve diagrams that are obtained in this study.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.102-108
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• 2016

두통은 전체 인구중 상당수가 일생에 한번 이상 겪게되는 질환으로, 계속하여 논의되고 개정되어 현재까지 국제적인 분류법이 마련되어 왔다. 원발두통은, 다른 원인질환에 의하지 않은 통증을 의미하며, 다음과 같이 분류할 수 있다: 1) 편두통 2) 긴장형두통 3) 군발두통과 기타 삼차자율신경두통 4) 기타 원발두통. 한편 턱관절장애에 기인한 두통 및 약물 과용 두통은 두통의 원인이 기질적인 경우로 이차성 두통에 분류된다. 본 종설에서는 국제두통질환분류 제3판의 베타판(ICHD-3 beta)에 근거한 두통의 진단에 대하여 고찰해보고자 한다.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.343-365
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• 2019

Among the themes related to earthquake countermeasures at construction sites, those for tower cranes are particularly important. An accident involving the collapse of a crane during the construction of a skyscraper has serious consequences, such as human injury or death, enormous repair costs, and significant delays in construction. One of the causes of deadly tower crane collapses is the destruction of the site joints of the tower crane mast. This paper proposes a new design method by static elastoplastic finite element analysis using a supercomputer for the design of the end plate-type tensile bolted joints, which are generally applied to the site joints of a tower crane mast. This new design method not only enables highly accurate and reliable joint design but also allows for a design that considers construction conditions, such as the introduction of a pre-tension axial force on the bolts. By applying this new design method, the earthquake resistance of tower cranes will undoubtedly be improved.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2022

The static strength and fatigue crack resistance of the aircraft skin structures depend on the materials used and joint type. Most of the commercial aircraft's skin panel structures are made from aluminium alloy and carbon fibre reinforced epoxy. In this study, the fatigue resistance of four joint configurations (metal/metal, metal/composite, composite/composite and composite/metal) with riveted, adhesive bonded, and hybrid joining techniques are investigated with experiments and finite element analysis. The fatigue tests were tension-tension because of the typical nature of the loads on aircraft skin panels susceptible of experimenting fatigue. Experiment results suggest that the fatigue life of hybrid joints is superior to adhesive bonded joints, and these in turn much better than conventional riveted joints. Thanks to the fact that, for hybrid joints, the adhesive bond provides better load distribution and ensures load-carrying capacity in the event of premature adhesive failure while rivets induce compressive residual stresses in the joint. Results from FE tool ABAQUS analysis for adhesive bonded and hybrid joints agrees with the experiments. From the analysis, the energy release rate for adhesive bonded joints is higher than that of hybrid joints in both opening (mode I) and shear direction (mode II). Most joints show higher energy release rate in mode II. This indicates that the joints experience fatigue crack in the shear direction, which is responsible for crack opening.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.85-106
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• 1976

The Bulgugsa acidic igneous rocks of the late Cretaceous age are largely distributed in Busan area, which is located in the southeastern corner of the Korean Peninsula. These igneous rocks comprise in ascending order, felsite, dacitic-rhyolitic welded tuffs, granite porphyry and granitic rocks. The former three members represent the early phase of volcanic activities, so that they are named as Jangsan volcanic rocks. The granitic rocks consist of granodiorite, hornblende biotite granite, Kumjongsan granite, fine grained granite, and Daebyen granite, represent the late phase of igneous activities. The Kumjongsan grainte, the largest pluton of the granitic mass, emplaced between two great vertical faults trending NNE. New chemical analyses of 33 rock samples of these acidic rocks are given. Their chemical compositions are generally similar to those of the late Mesozoic acidic igneous rocks of the northern Ashio mountains, and C-Zone granite group of the Ogcheon geosyncline, with their characteristic variation trends of several oxides. Their chemical compositions also show that $Al_2O_3$ is high value, and differentiation index is high, too. Systematically developing joints in Kumjungsan granite are divisible into two types at least. One is the NS-N $20^{\circ}E$ trendirig, $85^{\circ}{\sim}90^{\circ}$ dipping type of joint system which coincides with the trends of distribution of the granite mass and the dikes intruding this granite. Joints of this type may be cooling joints generated as tension cracks. The other is the $N60^{\circ}{\sim}70^{\circ}W$ or $N40^{\circ}{\sim}60^{\circ}E$ trending type of joint systems. It is considered that. joints belonging to this type may be shear joint occurring under the state of south-north tectonic couple acting at the east and west side of the granite mass. Igneous activities of the the Bulgugsa acidic igneous rocks in Busan area was taken place as. follows, formation of the magma reservoir, eruption and intrusion of felsite, consolidation of vents. and increasing vapor pressure in magma reservoir, eruption of pyroclastic flows, caldera collapse, intrusion of granite porphyry, and intrusion of granitic rocks at the latest stage.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.113-120
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• 2007

일반적으로 긴장성 두통환자는 측두하악부위의 관절통 보다는 근육통을 호소하는 경우가 많지만, 관절통과 근육통이 함께 나타나는 관절근육통을 호소하는 환자도 있다. 따라서 긴장성 두통 환자에서 측두하악부의 관절통과 근육통의 임상양상을 알아보기 위하여 일정기간 내원한 환자 중 국제두통학회에서 제시한 긴장성 두통 진단기준에 따라 긴장성 두통으로 진단된 167명 중 관절통 환자 18명, 근육통 환자 50명 그리고 관절통과 근육통이 함께 있는 관절근육통 환자 99명을 대상으로 설문조사 후, 이를 통계처리 하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 관절통군, 근육통군 그리고 관절근육통군 모두에서 연령증가에 따른 발현 증가율은 통계학적으로 유의하였다(p=0.02). 2. 관절통군, 근육통군 그리고 관절근육통군 모두에서 성별과 구강악습관에 따른 발현 증가율은 통계학적으로 유의하지 않았다. 3. 연령이 증가됨에 따라 관절근육통군의 증가율에 비해서 근육통군의 증가율이 통계학적으로 유의하였다(p<0.03). 이상의 연구로 긴장성 두통환자의 임상양상 중 관절통, 근육통 그리고 관절근육통은 성별과의 관계와 구강악습관과의 관계에서는 통계학적인 유의성이 없었으나, 나이와의 관계에서는 통계적인 유의성이 있었다. 특히 관절근육통군과 근육통군에서 통계학적으로 주목할 만한 차이를 보여 연령이 증가될수록 근육통이 증가됨을 알 수 있었는데, 이는 향후 긴장성 두통의 진단과 치료에 많은 도움이 되리라고 생각된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5566-5571
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• 2012

블록전단파괴는 인장부재의 한계상태에 해당하는 것으로 강구조물의 인장부재 또는 연결부 설계 시 주의를 요한다. 많은 연구 결과와 설계기준에서는 블록전단파괴에 대한 볼트 이음 방식의 영향을 고려하지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 볼트 이음 방식(지압이음과 마찰이음)이 블록전단파괴의 파괴모드와 파괴강도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 인장실험을 실시하였다. 실험결과의 분석으로부터 설계기준, 지압이음, 마찰이음에 따른 파괴모드의 차이를 제시하였으며 마찰이음에서 발생되는 마찰력으로 인한 블록전단파괴강도의 변화를 고찰하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.667-694
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• 2015

The suspended dome system is a new structural form that has become popular in the construction of long-span roof structures. Suspended dome is a kind of new pre-stressed space grid structure that has complex mechanical characteristics. In this paper, an optimum topology design algorithm is performed using the enhanced colliding bodies optimization (ECBO) method. The length of the strut, the cable initial strain, the cross-sectional area of the cables and the cross-sectional size of steel elements are adopted as design variables and the minimum volume of each dome is taken as the objective function. The topology optimization on lamella dome is performed by considering the type of the joint connections to determine the optimum number of rings, the optimum number of joints in each ring, the optimum height of crown and tubular sections of these domes. A simple procedure is provided to determine the configuration of the dome. This procedure includes calculating the joint coordinates and steel elements and cables constructions. The design constraints are implemented according to the provision of LRFD-AISC (Load and Resistance Factor Design-American Institute of Steel Constitution). This paper explores the efficiency of lamella dome with pin-joint and rigid-joint connections and compares them to investigate the performance of these domes under wind (according to the ASCE 7-05), dead and snow loading conditions. Then, a suspended dome with pin-joint single-layer reticulated shell and a suspended dome with rigid-joint single-layer reticulated shell are discussed. Optimization is performed via ECBO algorithm to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the ECBO in creating optimal design for suspended domes.