• 통상정보연구
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.191-215
• /
• 2009

This study extends the previous research into the effects of knowledge spillovers on innovation and regional exports growth by more clearly distinguishing, both theoretically and empirically, two different types of knowledge spillovers, namely product and market knowledge spillovers. More importantly, this research provides insights on their role of knowledge spillovers in shaping regional innovative activities and, eventually, regional export growths. Furthermore, this research makes an important contribution to the understudied market knowledge spillovers by developing two variables that could be used to assess the flow of market knowledge spillovers at the regional level: localization economies and export consulting advice. Using secondary data on eight 2-digit manufacturing industries in ten New Zealand regions over a seven year period, this research found that regional competition, localization economies and the availability of export consulting advice have positively and significantly impact on the regional export growth in New Zealand.

• International Commerce and Information Review
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.3-24
• /
• 2009

This study extends the previous research into the effects of knowledge spillovers on innovation and regional exports growth by more clearly distinguishing, both theoretically and empirically, two different types of knowledge spillovers, namely product and market knowledge spillovers. More importantly, this research provides insights on their role of knowledge spillovers in shaping regional innovative activities and, eventually, regional export growths. Furthermore, this research makes an important contribution to the understudied market knowledge spillovers by developing two variables that could be used to assess the flow of market knowledge spillovers at the regional level: localization economies and export consulting advice. Using secondary data on eight 2-digit manufacturing industries in ten New Zealand regions over a seven year period, this research found that regional competition, localization economies and the availability of export consulting advice have positively and significantly impact on the regional export growth in New Zealand.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제25권
• /
• pp.343-388
• /
• 1993

The ability of any organization to innovate itself in a rapid change of environment means the existence of the organization. Innovative activity is achieved in different ways according to the objectives of organization. the characteristics of external environmental factors. and various attributes in organization. In the present study. all the existing approaches to the innovative nature of organization were synthetically compared to each other and evaluated: then. for a more rational approach. a research model was built and suggested by establishing the inclusive variables of the innovative nature of library organization and categorizing the types of such nature. Additionally. an empirical. analytical study on such a model was done. That is. paying regard to the fact that innovation has basically a close relation with the circumstantial factors of organization. synthetic, circumstantial relations were clarified. considering the external environmental factors and internal characteristics of organization. In the study. the innovation of library organization was seen in two parts i.e .. the feasible degree of technical innovation and the feasible degree of administrative innovation. Regarding the types of innovative implementation. according to the feasible degree of innovation, four types such as a stationary type. technic-oriented type, organization-oriented type. and technical-socio systematic type were classified. There were nine independent variables-i.e., the scale of organization. available resources of the organization, formalization, differentiation, specialization. decentralization, recognizant degree of the technical attribute. degree of response to the change of technical environment, and professional activities. There were three subordinate variables - i.e., technical innovation, administrative innovation. and the performance of organization. Through establishment of such variables, the factors which might influence the innovation of library organization were understood, and with the types of the innovative implementation of library organization being classified according to the feasible degree of innovation. the characteristics of library organization were reviewed in the light of each type. Also. the performance of library organization according to the types of the innovative implementation of library organization was analyzed. and the relations between the types of innovative implementation according to circumstantial variables and the performance of library organization were clarified. In order to clarify the adequacy of the research model in the methodology of empirical study, data were collected from 72 university libraries and 38 special libraries. and for a hypothetical test of the research model. an analysis of correlations, a stepwise regression analysis. and One Way ANOVA were utilized. The following are the major results or findings from the study 1) It appeared there is a trend that the bigger the scale of organization and available resources are, the more active the professional activity of the managerial class is, and the higher the recognizant degree of technical environment (recognizant degree of technical attributes and the degree of response t9 the change of technical environment) is, the higher the feasible degree of innovation becomes. 2) It appeared that among the variables influencing the feasible degree of technical innovation, the order from the variable influencing most was first, the recognizant degree of technical innovation: second, the available resources of organization: and third, professional activity. Regarding the variables influencing the feasible degree of administrative innovation from the most influential variable, it appeared they were the available resources of organization, the differentiation of organization. and the degree of response to the change of technical environment. 3) It appeared that the higher the educational level of the managerial class is, the more active the professional activity becomes. It seemed there is a trend that the group of library managers whose experience as a librarian was at the middle level(three years to six years of experience) was more active in research activity than the group of library managers whose experience as a librarian was at a higher level(more than ten years). Also, it appeared there is a trend that the lower the age of library managers is, the higher the recognizant degree of technical attributes becomes. and the group of library managers whose experience as a librarian was at the middle level (three years to six years of experience) recognized more affirmatively the technical aspect than the group of library managers whose experience as a librarian was at a higher level(more than 10 years). Also, it appeared that, when the activity of the professional association and research activity are active, the recognizant degree of technology becomes higher, and as a result. it influences the innovative nature of organization(the feasible degree of technical innovation and the feasible degree of administrative innovation). 4) As a result of the comparison and analysis of the characteristics of library organization according to the types of innovative implementation of library organization. it was indicated there is a trend that the larger the available resources of library organization, the higher the organic nature of organization such as differentiation. decentralization, etc., and the higher the level of the operation of system development, the more the type of the innovative implementation of library organization becomes the technical-socio systematic type which is higher both in the practical degrees of technical innovation and administrative innovation. 5) As a result of the comparison and analysis of the relations between the types of innovative implementation and the performance of organization, it appeared that the order from the highest performance of organization is the technical-socio systematic type, then the technic-oriented type, the organization­oriented type, and finally the stationary type which is lowest in such performance. That is, it demonstrated that, since the performance of library organization is highest in the library of the technical-socio systematic type while it is lowest in the library whose practical degrees in both technical innovation and administrative innovation are low, the performance of library organization differs significantly according to the types of innovative implementation of library organization. The present study has extracted the factors influencing innovation, classified systematically the types of innovative implementation, and inferred the synthetical, circumstantial correlations between the types and the performance of organization, and empirically inspected those factors. However, due to the present study's restrictive matters and the limit of the research design, results from the study should be more prudently interpreted. Also, the present study, as an investigative study of the types of innovative implementation, with few preceding studies, requires more complete hypothetical inference based on the results of the present study. In other words, if more systematical studies are given to understanding the relations, it will devote the suggestion and demonstration of a more useful theory.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2016

본 논문에서는 학계나 실무에서 주목하는 비즈니스 모델에 관한 두 가지 분석도구를 소개하고, 이를 활용하는 방법에 대해 설명하였다. Osterwalder and Pigneur(2010)가 소개한 '비즈니스 모델 캔버스'는 9개의 구성요소를 갖고 있으며, 한 장에 분석결과를 일목요연하게 정리할 수 있다. Keeley et al.(2013)가 소개한 '10가지 혁신 유형 모델'도 10개의 구성요소를 담고 있으며, 각 요소별로 혁신하는 방법을 제시하였다. 두 기법 모두 가치제안에서 가치창출, 가치전달, 가치확보에 이르기까지 비즈니스 모델이 갖추어야 할 전체 요소를 분석할 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 다만 기존 비즈니스 모델을 혁신할 때, 문제를 해결할 새로운 아이디어를 충분히 제공하지 못하는 단점이 있다. 향후 구성요소별로 다양한 혁신 사례들이 개발되고, 또한 혁신적인 비즈니스 모델의 원형들이 제시된다면, 기업 실무에서 보다 체계적으로 비즈니스 모델 설계나 혁신을 구현할 수 있을 것이다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제25권11호
• /
• pp.549-558
• /
• 2022

The Indonesian Archipelago has a very complex geological history, along with equatorial warm sea temperature, resulting in diverse types of coral reefs and high diversity of coral reef fish. Many livelihoods of the coastal community are dependent on coral reef fisheries. The present study aimed to determine which region and location in the Indonesian Archipelago has the most diverse and abundant coral reef fish. The archipelago was divided into four regions: the Indian Ocean, Sunda Shelf, Wallacea, and the Pacific Ocean. Data were obtained from a national coral reef monitoring program of the Indonesian Research Center for Oceanography (RCO)-the National Board for Research and Innovation (BRIN). The reef fish data were collected using the underwater visual census method, from 321 belt transects on 24 locations (districts) across the archipelago. The results show that coral reef fish diversity of the Pacific region was the highest across the archipelago for all three trophic levels, i.e., corallivore, herbivore, and carnivore fish. The Pacific Ocean region also had the highest fish abundance for the three trophic levels. Comparison among locations revealed that the best ten locations in reef fish diversity and abundance were Sabang, Mentawai, Makassar, Selayar, Buton, Luwuk, Ternate, Raja Ampat, Biak, and Wakatobi. Wakatobi reefs showed their supremacy in carnivore fish diversity and abundance, while Biak reefs were the best in herbivore fish. The abundance of corallivore fish was also considerably high in Sabang reefs, but it is still lower than in Raja Ampat, Biak, and Wakatobi reefs. These results provide empirical evidence that the coral reefs of Wakatobi and Biak are the hottest hotspots of coral reef fish diversity and abundance in the Indonesian Archipelago.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.31-42
• /
• 2012

After the rapidly changing business management environment and financial crisis, high prices and domestic recession in Korea posed threats to the business survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper looks at the potential of micro business owners for sustainable development: those who have a spirit of entrepreneurship and the potential to be a hidden champion. Our study of micro business values uses structure equation modeling by LISREL. We have done so in order to understand the foundation of management innovation and success model of micro enterprise by increasing the entrepreneurship and management performance relationship analysis. A micro-enterprise is a type of small business, found only in Korea, often registered as having ten or fewer employees. We examine the successful type of hidden champions and the influence of entrepreneurship on start-ups in business. As compared to past research on the SME entrepreneurship, this study segments small businesses even further. Small business entrepreneurship was classified into three forms that are most appropriate for the Korean situation today: innovation, risk-taking, and pro-activeness. This research is meaningful as it is Korea's first empirical analysis on four business types: wholesale and retail sales, food and lodging business, service business, and manufacturing business. Thus far, research on small business entrepreneurship was carried out using small-scale investigative analysis. However, this research attempted to develop a model that can explain a cause-effect relation of the motivational level when it comes to the difference of entrepreneurship by each business type and small business start-up success factors. Various conceptual and operational definitions could be developed in a diverse and precise manner. Independent variables that are related to the success of small businesses can be developed additionally to examine the success factors related to the systematization in detailed manner. The research showed that the innovation, risk-taking and pro-activeness of the manifested difference in the degree of perception depending on the type of small businesses. Among the four business types, the ones that manifested the highest successful start-up rates were food, service, wholesale and retail sales and manufacturing. Results after conducting the regression analysis are shown on, which proves that the small business entrepreneurship exerts direct effect on the financial management performance of small businesses. In other words, small business entrepreneurship exerts a positive effect on the small business financial success and management performance. The R² value is 0.61. It is possible to know that the perception of systematization and variables on attitude explains the 61% of the success for small self-employed businesses management performance. We define start-up key factors that are helpful to achieve internal growth of firms by finding business survival strategies. The results also focus on Korean government policy for micro enterprise and small business support.

• 기술혁신학회지
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.1090-1108
• /
• 2013

최근 국가 연구개발 성과 기술이전 사업화 정책이 강력하게 추진되고, 기업도 미래 경쟁력 강화를 위해서 라이선스 전략을 도입하고 있다. 라이선스 거래에서 협상 당사자들이 수용할 수 있는 객관적이고 합리적인 로열티 정보가 요구된다. 본 연구에서 상관행법 로열티 정보와 로열티 영향요인(기술성, 시장성, 권리성) 평가 결과를 결합하여 경상로열티를 추정할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다. 분석결과 업종별 상관행법 로열티 적정 범위와 기술거래사례 로열티 정보 사이에 유사성이 높은 것으로 나타고, 분석결과 상관행법 로열티의 활용 타당성을 확인하였다. 최종 경상로열티 추정을 위하여 상관행법 로열티 범위와 로열티 영향요인 분석 결과를 결합한 선형함수를 이용하였다. 본 연구결과는 라이선스 협상과정에서 객관적이고 합리적인 경상로열티를 산출하는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국의류학회지
• /
• 제45권4호
• /
• pp.703-713
• /
• 2021

This study was to investigate the thermal insulation of clothing ensembles, including padded jackets with two different filling types. Thermal insulation of the ensemble was measured using a thermal manikin in four conditions (10℃, 30% RH and 20℃, 50% RH with an air velocity of less than 0.15 m·s^-1 and 1.5 m·s^-1). Ten males participated at 10℃ and 30% RH with an air velocity of less than 0.15 m·s^-1 and 1.5 m·s^-1. The results showed that the polyester ensemble was warmer than a goose down ensemble in 0.15 m·s^-1 conditions and the goose down ensemble had greater thermal insulation than the polyester ensemble at an air velocity of 1.5 m·s^-1. Thermal insulation was reduced 5-7% when temperature decreased 10℃ and reduced 40-50% when air velocity reached 1.5 m·s^-1 for both ensembles. Thermal insulation of the ensemble in human trials decreased more than a thermal manikin at 10℃, 30% RH with an air velocity of 1.5 m·s^-1. Lower temperatures and human trials were effective in identifying the properties of the thermal insulation by filling types even though there were restrictions on the general application because of two types of a clothing ensemble.

• 기술혁신학회지
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.654-686
• /
• 2007

과학기술 수준을 정확히 측정 분석하기 위해서는 우리 기술수준과 비교대상의 위치, 그리고 해당 기술의 이론적인 상한 수준을 우선 전제해야만 한다. 그리고 각각의 기술변화 정도를 파악하는 것이 추가적으로 필요하다. 우리나라 및 비교대상에 대한 동태적 측면이 고려되어 현재의 위치와 함께 과정과 경로도 중요시 되어야 한다. 이를 위해서 이 연구는 기술발전 단계와 성장곡선 개념을 활용하는 방안을 제시한다. 이론적 및 가상적 사례 적용 결과, 우리나라 기술수준의 향상은 뚜렷하게 보이고 있으나 같은 기간에 지속적으로 변화하고 있는 세계최고기술 수준과는 여전히 격차가 존재하는 것으로 추정된다. 추정 결과가 사실이라고 가정할 경우, 우리나라 기술의 실질적인 추격의 가능성은 그리 크지 않은 것으로 보인다. 특히, 바이오신약 장기 분야와 지능형로봇 분야의 경우에는 세계최고기술 수준과의 격차기간이 더욱 벌어지고 있는 것으로 추정되어 해당 분야에 대한 실질적이고, 심층적인 검토 및 분석이 시급히 요구된다. 이 연구는 기술수준 측정과 분석을 성장곡선 유형의 추정을 통해 위상분석과 변화과정을 파악하여 궁극적인 추격의 가능성을 제시한다. 이론적 타당성과 현실적 적용성에 대한 검증을 위해 향후 구체적인 사례분석이 필요하다.