• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제33권6호통권134호
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• pp.25-30
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• 2005

두께 50 mm 국산 소나무(Pinus densiflora Sieb. et Zucc.) 판재의 건조스케줄 개량을 위해 일반 열기 건조스케줄, 시간 기준 건조스케줄, 연속 온도상승 건조스케줄, 그리고 습구온도 조절 건조스케줄을 적용하여 최종함수율 15% 정도까지 건조한 후 각각의 건조스케줄 적용에 의한 건조특성을 비교분석하였다. 두께 50 mm 국산 소나무의 일반 열기 건조스케줄 적용실험 결과 건조속도는 0.53%/hr, 시간 기준 건조스케줄 적용에 의한 건조속도는 0.9%/hr, 그리고 연속 온도상승 건조스케줄 적용에 의한 건조속도는 2.29%/hr였으며, 습구온도 조절 건조스케줄 적용에 의한 건조속도는 1.52%/hr였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.649-655
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• 2022

In presented paper, moving load problem of simply supported axially functionally graded (AFG) beam is investigated under temperature rising based on the first shear beam theory. The material properties of beam vary along the axial direction. Material properties of the beam are considered as temperature-dependent. The governing equations of problem are derived by using the Lagrange procedure. In the solution of the problem the Ritz method is used and algebraic polynomials are used with the trivial functions for the Ritz method. In the solution of the moving load problem, the Newmark average acceleration method is used in the time history. In the numerical examples, the effects of material graduation, temperature rising and velocity of moving load on the dynamic responses ofAFG beam are presented and discussed.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.109-125
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• 2012

Post-buckling behavior of Timoshenko beams subjected to uniform temperature rising with temperature dependent physical properties are studied in this paper by using the total Lagrangian Timoshenko beam element approximation. The beam is clamped at both ends. In the case of beams with immovable ends, temperature rise causes compressible forces end therefore buckling and post-buckling phenomena occurs. It is known that post-buckling problems are geometrically nonlinear problems. Also, the material properties (Young's modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, yield stress) are temperature dependent: That is the coefficients of the governing equations are not constant in this study. This situation suggests the physical nonlinearity of the problem. Hence, the considered problem is both geometrically and physically nonlinear. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved considering full geometric non-linearity by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. The beams considered in numerical examples are made of Austenitic Stainless Steel (316). The convergence studies are made. In this study, the difference between temperature dependent and independent physical properties are investigated in detail in post-buckling case. The relationships between deflections, thermal post-buckling configuration, critical buckling temperature, maximum stresses of the beams and temperature rising are illustrated in detail in post-buckling case.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.14-19
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• 2004

Crack growth rate and threshold stress intensity factor for stress corrosion cracking(SCC), $K_{ISCC}$ were measured for type 403 stainless steel in 3,5% NaCl solution at room temperature and SCC was monitored by electrochemical noise technique during $K_{ISCC}$ testing. In rising load test, pits were formed at the tip of pre-crack for the pre-cracked compact tension specimen unlike in smooth round specimen in which only unstable pits were observed and hence immune to SCC. Micro-cracks were found to initiate from the pits in the former specimen, and initiation of micro-crack as well as macro-crack was detected by electrochemical noise technique in rising load $K_{ISCC}$ tests. Crack growth rate increased with increasing either displacement rate or stress intensity factor at crack initiation and was higher in rising load $K_{ISCC}$ test compared to constant load $K_{ISCC}$ test at given stress intensities.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 1999

As seen from the ammonium chloride experiment (Chen & Chen [1], Roberts & Loper [11], the interface near chimneys has an up-rising shape and we observe thickening of mush next to chimney. We analyze the thermal boundary layer around chimney that forms as the mush is cooled locally by the fluid rising through the chimney. We obtain solutions of the temperature, the solid fraction, and the pressure in the chimney wall. Also, our expression of the pressure shows that the fluid flow can require a huge pressure in order to pass through the chimney wall if its permeability is very small. We present a simple analytic description of the up-rising shape near the exit of the chimney, due to the fact that the comparatively solute (i.e. $NH_4Cl$ in the case of the ammonium chloride experiment)-rich fluid near the chimney tends to crystallize as it is chilled by the rising jet of cold fluid in the chimney.

• 전자공학회논문지T
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• 제36T권2호
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• pp.70-76
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• 1999

최근에 휴대전화기가 저 연령층까지 널리 보급되어 어린이들의 두부내에 열점(hot-spot)형성문제가 염려되고 있는 실정이다. 전자파의 인체영향이 체온상승의 열적작용에 의한 것이라고 생각한다면 휴대전화기에 의해 발생하는 두부내 국소SAR의 인체영향도 두부의 온도상승과 연관된다고 추정된다. 본 논문은 휴대전화기를 실사용 상황에서 시간대별 두부의 국소부위에 대한 온도변화를 측정하였다. 그 결과 휴대전화기의 통화시작점에서 계속적인 온도상승을 보이다가 통화가 끝나는 시점에서 두부의 국소적인 온도변화는 빠르게 회복되지만 생체전신의 평균온도는 상승함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2002

There has been an increase in the public concern about possible health risks by electromagnetic exposure from mobile phones. Recently, increase in the use among young children of portable telephones public concern regarding potential health hazards due to a hot spot appearing inside the infant head, has been growing. Since the biological hazards due to RF exposure are caused mainly by a temperature-rise in tissue, the effect of localized SAR for portable telephones should also be related to the temperature-rise in the human head. In this paper, it was measured that in the actual use of portable telephone the temperature of the local tissue in the human-head change. As a result, it should be noted that the mean temperature of human-body and localized tissue is rising from beginning call. However the temperature variation of localized tissue is recovered rapidly as normal temperature, although the mean temperature of human-body rising continuously at ending call of portable telephone.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2008

석유를 대체할 수 있는 자원 중의 하나인 오일샌드 역청의 열화학적 전환을 통해 생산된 연료유 특성을 열천칭 분석기와 중질유들의 전환 공정에 사용되는 딜레이드 코킹 반응기(600ml)를 이용하여 분석하였다. 동일한 $50^{\circ}C/min$의 승온 속도로 최종 코킹 온도를 $400{\sim}550^{\circ}C$까지 변화시킨 결과, 최종 코킹 온도가 증가할수록 코킹이 완료되는 시간과 전환률이 증가하였다. 그러나 $450^{\circ}C$이상의 온도에서는 미비하게 증가하여 코킹 운전이 적어도 $450^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되어야 함을 알 수 있었다. 딜레이드 코킹 반응기의 최대 액체 수율은 $475^{\circ}C$의 조건으로 나타났으며 코킹에 의해 생성되는 오일의 API, SIMDAS분석을 통해 경질화가 진행되어 일반적인 디젤과 비슷한 연료 특성을 가짐을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.293-298
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• 2001

In this paper, film thickness and temperature distribution are measured in EHL point contact at high roll/slip ratios. Infrared temperature mapping with two band pass filters, proposed by Ausherman (1976), is used to measure temperature distribution. And the optical interferometric method with two filters (red and green filters) is used to measure film thickness. Result of experiment showed that temperature rising at film and ball surface occurred very dramatically in Dimple zone. As slip velocity, roll/slip ratio and load increased, size of Dimple and temperature rising became more large. In addition, position and shape of Dimple were changed by roll/slip ratios, and increasing of Dimple size decreased traction coefficient. In short, it is appointed that the Dimple phenomenon be developed by the effect of viscosity wedge.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.157-163
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• 2014

This study analysed the economic feasibility per hectare of grow out phase production of Oyster farming by rising water temperature in Ocean. Elevated Water temperature by climate change had a bad influence for oyster production and economic feasibility. In the case of production units, the total output of oyster decreases from 213,840 to 205,594 units. Using cost-benefit analysis with discounting rates (5.5%), we estimated the net present value (NPV) and benefit cost ratio (BCR) until 2100 years. The model results showed that the NPV without water temperature rise was 1,565,619,893 won and the NPV with water temperature rise was 1,540,493,059 won. Also, BCR estimated that the former was 2.095 better than the latter was 2.077. To summarise, the economic effect per hectare of water temperature rise in ocean did the damage to the economic loss about 25,126,834 won.