• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.57-62
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• 2022

This paper is intended to study the tragedy of Kim Sung-han's short stories 'Extreme' and 'Return'. The author describes the postwar chaotic reality as a tragic reality in the novel as the pain of the times people experience. In the novels "Extreme" and "Return," war is violence, and all human beings who participate in it are victims of the violence of war. However, in "Extreme," Tatsuko expresses her will to fight against the tragic reality in "Return." Kim Sung-han never wants them to stay in the tragic world, although the tragic reality of the main characters in his novel ends in a tragic ending. He wants them to fight against the tragic reality.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.105-122
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• 2015

Military geography has been recognized a part of applied geography appeared in 1960s by the viewpoint applying geographical science technology and knowledge for war. But the contribution for war accompanying violence caused negative recognition in moral viewpoint and led stagnation of military geography's study. Therefore this paper has researched a method improving the role of military geography as a part of applied geography and considered the essential meaning of the military geography's role in the relationship between war and military sciences. Based on this consideration, this paper proposed a research direction necessary for the role contributing human development beyond the viewpoint focusing contribution for war. The result of this study confirmed the characters of the military geography's elements have two attributes contributing for war victory or improving human life quality. Military geography has laid emphasis for usability to war contribution until now and caused unsatisfactoriness of morality. But military geography can complement this unsatisfactoriness by the extension of the role contributing human life quality. This study could examine the possibility doing the role contributing for both war and peace as a intact science.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.82-108
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• 2023

As tension escalates between the US and China, scenarios for maintaining peace in Northeast Asia imply that secondary powers will perceive increasing incentives to reappraise their respective international roles. This analysis proposes that an analysis of France's Cold War role in Europe and the world under President Charles de Gaulle provides insights into conflict management in an increasingly multipolar international political environment. Their respective interests in preventing a so-called new Cold War emerging between the US and China include avoiding its excessive economic costs, if only because China is a massive trade partner. This study engages in theoretical framework-informed process tracing of de Gaulle's role. It explicates the assumptions that functionally underpinned de Gaulle's policy of soft balancing between the US and China. The analysis explores de Gaulle's contribution to the decay of the Cold War. It illuminates de Gaulle's contribution to a regional international environment that made West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's Ostpolitik strategy more feasible politically. This study applies these findings in the formulation of strategy recommendations focusing on Japan. Valid inferences regarding the predominant motivations driving American and Chinese international interaction are necessary for this task. To the extent to which the US and China have entered into a conflict spiral, Japan's hedging towards Washington is further incentivized. Tokyo would necessarily need to convince the Chinese that Japan is no longer Washington's unsinkable aircraft carrier off its coast. Tokyo, like de Gaulle's France, would maintain close relations with Washington, but it would need to project to its interlocutors its commitment to its own strategic autonomy. Tokyo's emphasis on closer relations with liberal democratic Indo-Pacific actors would potentially fit well with a commitment to strategic autonomy to defend the global liberal order.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.8
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• pp.153-170
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• 2020

Purpose - As the US-China trade war intensifies and lasts long time, there is growing concern about its potential effects on the global economy. In particular, for the countries like Korea that have a large economic dependence on the economy of the two countries, the US-China trade war may have a great repercussion in many ways. The aim of this paper is to investigate the global productivity and market structure implications of the US-China trade war for Korea, as well as for other surrounding countries and regions. Design/methodology - In this paper, we develop a full multi-country/region multi-sector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of global trade incorporating heterogeneous workers and firms in individual skill levels and used technologies. We then calibrate the model using a global Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) dataset extracted from the recently released GTAP 10 Database, and assess the potential effects of the US-China trade war on the aggregate real productivity and the market structure for Korea, as well as for other surrounding countries and regions. Findings - We show that the US-China trade war may largely affect the aggregate productivity in each sector in each country/region, as well as the global market structure through entry and exit of firms, which results finally in considerable changes in the industrial comparative advantage of each country/region. Though the effects are diverse sector by sector, the results show that Korea may also be affected significantly: concerning the real productivity implications, it is shown that the machinery industry may be affected the most negatively; on the other hand, it is shown that the number of exporting firms may decrease the most in the other transports industry. Originality/value - As the US-China trade war intensifies, many studies have tried to estimate the possible implications, and for this usually the CGE models have largely been used as the standard tool for evaluating the impacts of changes in trade policies. Standard CGE models, however, cannot be used to assess the global productivity and market structure implications due to the symmetric and simplified base assumptions. This paper is the first to analyze and quantify the possible impacts of the US-China trade war on the aggregate productivity and global market structure using a CGE model incorporating endogenous skill-technology assignment of heterogeneous workers and firms.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.537-542
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• 2022

The "cognitive warfare," which has emerged as a result of the Ukrainian-Russian war, has already existed in the previous war and is now emerging as a major aspect of the war, its meaning and influence are increasing. Recognizing the emergence and importance of cognitive warfare and understanding the meaning and characteristics of cognitive warfare must be accompanied by victory in the modern war. After Russia's alleged involvement in the U.S. presidential election in 2016 drew attention, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict in 2021 confirmed its upward influence. In particular, 'cognitive warfare' using SNS played a major role in leading the war to its advantage and maintaining the initiative by selecting clear purposes and targets such as the international community, the people, and Hamas. This new pattern of war is gradually emerging as the world is hyper connected with the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. It is expected that it will play a leading role in the future battle if it clearly recognizes the main contents of the new war, "Injijeon," and has the ability and ability to actively operate it.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.169-186
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• 2022

In this article, Russia's space threat assessment and space warfare in the Russia-Ukraine war (Russian invasion of Ukraine) were analyzed and summarized. Considering the probability that commercial satellites will also be potential targets of space warfare, it is suggested that not only military satellites but also commercial satellites develop and apply space technology that can be applied equally to space threats when developing space technology. Necessary space technologies is listed.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.42-57
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• 2005

Korea DM&S(Defence Modeling & Simulation) development plan includes construction of a distributed simulation model which enables us to construct, operate, integrate and connect war game simulations. US DoD and IEEE set the HLA/RTI as the standard of distributed simulation model. HLA/RTI models each simulator as a Federate and group of them as a Federation. Simulation with the model shows interoperability and finally executes a war game simulation. Because of different resolutions and features, it is not satisfied 'interoperability' and 'reusability' of simulation perfectly MRM (Multi Resolution Modeling) has been introduced, and many developed countries including the United States have studied the technology to simulate the model with different resolutions. This thesis proposes the need for introduction of MRM and analyzes both technical and operational validity when we apply MRM model to army war game simulations. For these purposes, we 1) find MRM main issues with the study about MRM basic concepts and case studies of MRM's applications, 2) present the need of MRM and its relation with DM&S development plan, and 3) analyze its technical and operational validity when we apply MRM to an example, CHANG-JO21 and JEON-TOO21.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.373-381
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• 2013

The Pacific Island Forum that consists of 14 island countries in the South Pacific has long been the focus of keen attention from East Asian countries such as South Korea, Japan and China. The South Pacific area was controlled by Japan right after the First World War. The League of Nations bestowed the right of trusteeship over the region to Japan, one of the victors in the war. However, the U.S. considered the area indispensible for its security interests in the Pacific after victory in the Second World War. With the end of Cold War period, the region again began to gain the competitive attention of Japan, China and Korea. Japan has made efforts to give economic assistance to this region by holding the Japan-Pacific Islands summit every three years. In addition, Japan is promoting a security engagement with this region by dispatching Self Defense Forces with the aim of initiating construction and development projects. In response to Japan's active involvement in the region, China also began to convene a summit meeting with these countries in 2006, making pledges of economic assistance. Furthermore, Chinese civilian companies struck deals of investment with municipal institutions in the region with a view to enhancing China's influence in the region. Japan's and China's active engagement in the region has galvanized South Korea to craft a more effective strategic approach to the region.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.31-35
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• 2003

In the late 1990s, ROK Army started developing a simulation model(ChangJo21) for division/corps level battle command training and finished it successfully. The CJ2l model provides realistic representation of Korean characteristics in doctrine, weapon systems, terrain, and climate etc. The successful development of CJ2l implanted us with confidence on high-technology model development and this has been our motive for development of JeonToo21 for battalion/regiment level battle command training and other war-game models like Hwarang21 (Rear Area Ops. Model) and Vision21 (Division Combat Analysis Model). Eventually, ROK Army was able to establish M&S system by echelons, from battalion to corps. Moreover interoperability between ROK-US simulation systems are on the progress. In this paper, we introduce recently developed 3 war-game simulation models and mention on the future directions of ROK Army Modeling & Simulation.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2006

German furniture design had been downward in trend after Bauhaus closed and through the War. Meanwhile Italy emerged as a center in furniture industry after the Second World War. After the Unification in 1989, however, German furniture still play predominant role in the world since they have their own unique quality and territory. This study explores the significance of German furniture design by three different eras-Post-war recession (1946-1965), Arising times (1966-1989), Contemporary (1990-2005)-and categorized the major characteristics are summarized as in the below. First, function oriented design Second, pursuing perfection of technology Third, simplicity and purity of design.