• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.120-125
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• 2006

Phenytoin is an anti-epileptic. It works by slowing down impulses in the brain that cause seizures. The recent microarray technology enables us to understand possible mechanisms of genes related to compounds which have toxicity in biological system. We have studied that the effect of a compound related to hepatotoxin in vitro system using a rat whole genome microarray. In this study, we have used a rat liver epithelial cell line WB-F344 and phenytoin as a hepatotoxin. WB-F344 was treated with phenytoin for 1 to 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated at times 1, 6 and 24h following treatment of phenytoin, and hybridized to the microarray containing about 22,000 rat genes. After analysis with clustering methods, we have identified a total of 1,455 differentially expressed genes during the time course. Interestingly, about 1,049 genes exhibited differential expression pattern in response to phenytoin in early time. Therefore, the identification of genes associated with phenytoin in early response may give important insights into various toxicogenomic studies in vitro system.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3991-3995
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in Iranian women and fifth in men. The aims of this study were to investigate the relation of dietary factors and public health indicators to its development. Materials and Methods: The required information (2001-2006) about risk factors was obtained from the Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (NCDSC) of Iran. Risk factor data (RFD) from 89,404 individuals (15-64 years old) were gathered by questionnaire and laboratory examinations through a cross sectional study in all provinces by systematic clustering sampling method. CRC incidence segregated by age and gender was obtained from Cancer Registry Ministry of Health (CRMH) of Iran. First, correlation coefficients were used for data analysis and then multiple regression analysis was performed to control for confounding factors. Results: Colorectal cancer incidence showed a positive relationship with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, lacking or low physical activity, high education, high intake of dairy products, and non-consumption of vegetables and fruits. Conclusions: We concluded that many dietary factors and public health indicators have positive relationships with CRC and might therefore be targets of preliminary prevention. However, since this is an ecological study limited by potential ecological fallacy the results must be interpreted with caution.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.661-664
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a maritime region segmentation method and a segment-based destination prediction method for vessel path prediction. In order to perform maritime segmentation, clustering on destination candidates generated from the past paths is conducted. Then the segment-based destination prediction is followed. For destination prediction, different prediction methods are applied according to whether the current region is linear or not. In the linear domain, the vessel is regarded to move constantly, and linear prediction is applied. In the nonlinear domain with an uncertainty, we assume that the vessel moves similarly to the most similar past path. Experimental results show that applying the linear prediction and the prediction method using a similar path differently depending on the linearity and the uncertainty of the path is better than applying one of them alone.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.1769-1778
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• 2018

As the value of using Big Data is increasing, various researches are being carried out utilizing big data analysis technology in the field of education as well as corporations. In this paper, we propose a method to predict learning achievement using big data cluster analysis. In the proposed method, students in Korea Children and Youth Panel Survey(KCYPS) are classified into groups with similar learning habits using the Kmeans algorithm based on the learning habits of students of the first year at middle school, and group features are extracted. Next, using the extracted features of groups, the first grade students at the middle school in the test group were classified into groups having similar learning habits using the cosine similarity, and then the neighbors were selected and the learning achievement was predicted. The method proposed in this paper has proved that the learning habits at middle school are closely related to at the university, and they make it possible to predict the learning achievement at high school and the satisfaction with university and major.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.218-218
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• 2017

Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) has been extensively investigated due to their biological activities. In this study, total polyphenol content (TPC), total phenolic acid content (TPA), and total flavonoid content (TFC) in 209 Korean adzuki bean landraces were determined by colorimetric methods. Antioxidant effects were evaluated with the DPPH, ABTS, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power (RP), and SOD assays. TPC, TPA, and TFC in the 209 Korean adzuki bean landraces ranged from 1.1 to 11.7 mg gallic acid equivalents/g, 0.37 to 5.03 mg caffeic acid equivalents/g, and 0.17 to 0.91 mg quercetin equivalents/g, respectively. Antioxidant activities as assessed by the DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, PR, and SOD assays showed wide variation, ranging from 12.2 to 86.3 (IC50), 0.85 to 5.25 mg ascorbic acid equivalents (ASC)/g, 0.41 to 5.44 mg ASC/g, 0.54 to 1.83 mg ASC/g, and 60.4 to 142.8 (IC50), respectively. Using the relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI), we found that the IT189394 sample had the highest antioxidant activity. In clustering analysis, 209 Korean adzuki bean landraces were classified into three clusters. Among them, cluster I contained 22 accessions with higher antioxidant activities, TPC, TFC, and TPA and smaller seed sizes than the other clusters. We anticipate that these results will provide useful information for the development of adzuki bean-based functional foods.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.11
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• pp.1199-1206
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• 2012

Recently, technologies to help the elderly or disabled people who have difficulty in walking are being developed. In order to develop these technologies, it is necessary to construct a system that gathers the gait data of people and analysis of these data is also important. In this research, we constructed the development of sensor system which consists of pressure sensor, three-axis accelerometer and two-axis gyro sensor. We used k-means clustering algorithm to classify the data for characterization, and then calculated the symmetry index with histogram which was produced from each cluster. We collected gait data from sensors attached on two subjects. The experiment was conducted for two kinds of gait status. One is walking with normal gait; the other is walking with abnormal gait (abnormal gait means that the subject walks by dragging the right leg intentionally). With the result from the analysis of acceleration component, we were able to confirm that the analysis technique of this data could be used to determine gait symmetry. In addition, by adding gyro components in the analysis, we could find that the symmetry index was appropriate to express symmetry better.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4533-4537
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• 2013

Objective: To use microarray chip technology for screening of stem cell radiation related miRNAs in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; study and explore the relationship of miRNAs with radiosensitivity of laryngeal squamous cells. Method: After conventional culture and amplification of the laryngeal squamous carcinoma cell line Hep-2, CD 133+ cells were screened out with combination of isolated culture of stem cell microspheres and FACS for preparation of laryngeal cancer stem cells. After radiation treatment, miRNAs of laryngeal squamous carcinoma stem cells before and after radiation were enriched and purified. After microarray hybridization with mammalian miRNA and scanning of fluorescence signal, the miRNAs of laryngeal squamous carcinoma stem cells before and after radiation was subject to differential screening and clustering analysis. Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to verify part of the differentially expressed miRNAs. Results: 70 miRNAs related to laryngeal cancer stem cell radiation with 2-fold difference in expression were screened out, in which 62 were down-regulated and 8 were up-regulated. Fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR results were consistent with miRNAs chip results. Conclusion: Some miRNAs may be involved in self-regulation with laryngeal squamous carcinoma stem cell radiation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.74-82
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• 2000

Prostate cancer initially responds and regresses in response to androgen depletion therapy, but most human prostate cancers will eventually recur, and re-grow as an androgen independent tumor. Once these tumors become hormone refractory, they usually are incurable leading to death for the patient. Little is known about the molecular details of how prostate cancer cells regress following androgen ablation and which genes are involved in the androgen independent growth following the development of resistance to therapy. Such knowledge would reveal putative drug targets useful in the rational therapeutic design to prevent therapy resistance and control androgen independent growth. The application of genome scale technologies have permitted new insights into the molecular mechanisms associated with these processes. Specifically, we have applied functional genomics using high density cDNA microarray analysis for parallel gene expression analysis of prostate cancer in an experimental xenograft system during androgen withdrawal therapy, and following therapy resistance, The large amount of expression data generated posed a formidable bioinformatics challenge. A novel template based gene clustering algorithm was developed and applied to the data to discover the genes that respond to androgen ablation. The data show restoration of expression of androgen dependent genes in the recurrent tumors and other signaling genes. Together, the discovered genes appear to be involved in prostate cancer cell growth and therapy resistance in this system. We have also developed and applied tissue microarray (TMA) technology for high throughput molecular analysis of hundreds to thousands of clinical specimens simultaneously. TMA analysis was used for rapid clinical translation of candidate genes discovered by cDNA microarray analysis to determine their clinical utility as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Finally, we have developed a bioinformatic approach to combine pharmacogenomic data on the efficacy and specificity of various drugs to target the discovered prostate cancer growth associated candidate genes in an attempt to improve current therapeutics.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2011

The fishing grounds of Korean large-pair trawlers have shifted since exclusive economic zones (EEZs) were established in a fisheries agreement involving countries neighboring Korean waters. The distributions of marine ecosystems and fisheries resources have been changing with environmental changes such as global warming and with the shift in species targeted as a result of changes in fishing technology and fishing gear. This study analyzed variation in the species assemblages caught in Korean waters by large-pair trawlers as a result of these geopolitical and environmental changes. The data used in this study were obtained from the Fishery Production Statistics of Korea and the Port Sample Survey of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI) from 1990 to 2007. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and correspondence analysis (CA) were used to explore the characteristics of the catch-species composition. The overall variation in the species composition of the catch of Korean large-pair trawlers showed that the proportions of croaker Johnius grypotus, small yellow croaker Larimichthys polyactis, eel Anguilla japonica, and blue crab Portunus trituberculatus decreased, whereas those of hairtail Trichiurus lepturus, Spanish mackerel Scomberomorus niphonius, anchovy Engraulis japonicus, and common squid Todarodes pacificus increased in Korean waters over the 18-year period. The results of the HCA of the annual catch data by species showed four different distributions of fish species according to year. Results of the CA showed that the species assemblages differed between the 1990s and 2000s.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.453-463
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• 2013

In this paper, we present an effective method and a system for the music summarization which automatically extract the chorus portion of a piece of music. A music summary technology is very useful for browsing a song or generating a sample music for an online music service. To develop the solution, conventional automatic music summarization methods use a 2-dimensional similarity matrix, statistical models, or clustering techniques. But our proposed method extracts the music summary by calculating BER(Bit Error Rate) between audio fingerprint blocks which are extracted from a song. But we could directly use an enormous audio fingerprint database which was already saved for a music retrieval solution. This shows the possibility of developing a various of new algorithms and solutions using the audio fingerprint database. In addition, experiments show that the proposed method captures the chorus of a song more effectively than a conventional method.