• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.57-65
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• 2006

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of Benson's Relaxation Technique on autonomic nervous system for normal subjects with Heart Rate Variability(HRV) and find out relationship with anti - stress effects. Methods: First, Benson's Relaxation Technique was applied on 5 normal subjects for three weeks. Then HRV was examined for 15 minutes Benson's Relaxation Technique application. Next, Benson's Relaxation Technique each 8 times was applied on 5 normal subjects for 1 weeks. Then :HRV was examined each 5 minutes before and after Benson's Relaxation Technique application. Results: 1. SDNN, SDSD increased continuously in HRV for three weeks Benson's Relaxation Technique application. 2. Mean HRV, SDNN, SDSD were significant different in HRV between before and after Benson's Relaxation Technique application at fourth week. Conclusion: The results suggest that Benson's Relaxation Technique application have shown anti-stress effects and the more Benson's Relaxation Technique is repeated, the more effective.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2020

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of autoligation techniques for castrating healthy male small breed dogs. Forty dogs were divided into four groups, with 10 in each group, based on maturity and the surgical technique used: 1) immature dogs aged less than 1 year, with autoligation of the spermatic cord via a scrotal approach (SAL) as the surgical technique (SAL-IM); 2) mature dogs aged 1 year or older, with the same SAL surgical technique (SAL-M); 3) immature dogs aged less than 1 year, with double ligation of the spermatic cord with an absorbable suture via a prescrotal approach (PDL) as the surgical technique (PDL-IM); and 4) mature dogs aged 1 year or older, with the same PDL surgical technique (PDL-M). The effectiveness of the surgical technique was evaluated by comparing the operating time and complications between these four groups. The significant decreases in operating times were found in SAL-IM and SAL-M compared with those of PDL-IM and PDL-M (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01). Regardless of maturity, the SAL surgical technique reduced operating time by approximately 69.5% compared with the PDL surgical technique. When the complication severities were scored, the results showed no significant differences among the four group. The autoligation technique for castration in healthy male small breed dogs is considered to be effective because the operating time consuming is less than conventional techniques.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2010

The randomized response technique is an indirect question that employs a randomizing device to protect respondents' privacy. The technique is now considered the most efficient of the newly developed techniques. In this technique, Chang et al. (2004) suggests an improved forced-answer technique and finds more efficient conditions than Warner did in 1965. But it is the weakness of the technique to lose more information than a direct response technique does. Therefore, a lot of researches have developed new techniques to reduce loss of information, to enhance estimated efficiency, and to efficiently use collected information. Considering this tendency, this paper also tries to improve Chang's technique. It suggests the technique that is extended from Chang's and finds more efficient conditions than Chang's technique and Mangat and Singh's (1990) did.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.483-492
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare clinical effect of the Langer & Langer technique, the modified Langer & Langer technique and Bruno technique. Material and Methods: 30 patients who have gingiva recession(Miller class I or class II) were carried root coverage. Langer & Langer technique(14 patients/32 tooth), modified Langer & Langer technique(5 patients/10 tooth) and Bruno technique(11 patients/18 tooth) was carried. At baseline and average 3 months after operation, it was estimated clinical index(Pocket depth, gingiva recession, clinical attachment level, keratinized gingiva, scar tissue, root coverage rate) by Williams style probe. Result: Root coverage rate is indicated Langer & Langer technique(8S%), Modified Langer & Langer technique(86%) and Bruno technique(90%). Conclusion: All three of the procedures were effective in gingival recession and improved clinical parameters.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.154-154
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• 2021

Since the development of Bubble Image Velocimetry (BIV) technique as the complementary technique of Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), the application of digital imaging technique in the field of hydraulic and coastal engineering increased rapidly. BIV works very well in multi-phase flow (air-water) flows where the PIV technique doesn't. However, the velocity field obtained from BIV technique often resulted in a velocity vector on the outside of the flow (false velocity) since the Field of View (FOV) usually not only cover the air-water flow but also the area outside the flow. In this study, a simple technique of post processing velocity field was developed. This technique works based on the average of the pixel value in the interrogation area. An image of multi-phase flow of wave overtopping was obtained through physical experiment using BIV technique. The velocity calculation was performed based on the similar method in PIV. A velocity masking technique developed in this study then applied to remove the false velocity vector. Result from non-masking, manually removed and auto removed false velocity vector were presented. The masking technique show a similar result as manually removed velocity vector. This method could apply in a large number of velocity field which is could increase the velocity map post-processing time.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.291-304
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• 1997

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the changes in root canal configuration with canal instrumentation using different file types and techniques and to investigate most appropriate instrumentation technique in maintaining the original canal configuration with different file types. Fifty curved mesiobuccal or distobuccal canals of extracted human maxillary molar teeth were instrumented using a step-back technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files, a crown-down pressureless technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files and nickel-titanium engine-driven files. Radiographs were taken before and after instrumentation using a specially designed device that allowed for the pre-and postinstrumentation canals to be taken with the same X-ray angulation. Magnified X-ray images on a magnifier screen were traced and post instrumentation canal images were compared with the preinstrumentation ones. Changes in canal curvature and the incidence of procedural accidents were analyzed. The results were as follows : Crown-down pressureless technique with nickel-titanium K-files and nickel-titanium engine-driven filing produced no significant changes in canal curvature (p>0.05), while the step-back technique with stainless steel K-files or nickel-titanium K-files (p<0.01) and the crown-down pressureless technique with stainless steel K-files (p<0.05) produced significant changes. With nickel-titanium K-file, crown-down pressureless technique produced significantly less changes in canal curvature than step-back technique (p<0.05), while there was no significant difference between techniques with stainless steel K-files (p>0.05). File types exerted no significant influences in the changes of canal curvature both in the step-back technique and crown-down pressureless technique (0>0.05). Regardless of the file types used, step-back technique produced more procedural accidents such as ledge or elbow formation, apical zipping and apical transportation than the crowndown pressureless technique and nickel-titanium engine-driven filing. Both with stainless steel K-files and with nickel-titanium K-files, the incidence of apical extrusion of canal debris was higher in step-back technique than in crown-down pressureless technique.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.155-161
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• 2020

Purpose : This study was conducted to investigate the effect of positive active pressure technique and active breathing technique on lung function in healthy adults. Methods : In this study, the passive lung expansion technique and active respiration enhancement technique using an air mask bag unit were conducted in 30 normal adults to observe changes in pulmonary function with forced vital capacity (FVC), Forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1). In order to observe the change in the level of respiratory function, we would like to investigate the peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the forced expiratory flow (FEF 25-75 %). Results : As a result of this study, there was no significant difference in comparison between the passive lung expansion technique and the active breathing enhancement technique (p>.05). The passive lung expansion technique effectively increased the effortful expiratory volume and the median expiratory flow rate of 1 second (p<.05). And the passive lung expansion technique effectively increased the effortless lung capacity and the maximum expiration flow rate (p<.05). Conclusion : The passive lung expansion technique effectively increases the range of motion of the lungs and chest cages, intrathoracic pressure, and elasticity of the lungs, and the active breathing technique increases the muscle functions such as the diaphragm and the biceps muscles. It is expected that it will be able to selectively improve the respiratory function of patients with respiratory diseases or functional limitations as it is found to be effective.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.349-357
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• 2003

Several microvascular anastomotic techniques have been described with methodical effectiveness, patency rates, healing state of microscopic findings. This experimental study presents the comparison of three types of arterial microvascular anastomotic techniques: end-to-end(ETE) anastomosis, end-in-end(EIE) anastomosis, and continuous technique. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats, 60 femoral arteries were used for this study. Twenty rats per each technique were used and sacrificed at post-operation 1 day, 3 days, a week, 2 weeks for scanning electromicroscopic findings. The patency was monitored by miniDoppler throughout total experimental periods. The anastomotic time on each method was measured to compare the technical effectiveness. The final results were as follows: 1. The anastomotic time for the end-in-end technique was significantly shorter than another techniques. The average time for each technique was measured as 15 minutes on EIE technique, 20 minutes on continuous technique and 25 minutes on ETE technique. 2. The patency rate for the end-in-end technique at 2 weeks also was superior to another techniques. The patency rate for each technique was demonstrated as 90 % on EIE technique, 85 % on ETE technique and 80 % on continuous technique. 3. The scanning electromicroscopic findings on healing condition of vessel endothelium during the observation period showed that the end results of EIE technique, ETE technique and continuous technique in sequence were good. The end-in-end technique proved to be the superior with regard to anastomotic time and patency rate when compared to end-to-end technuqe, so EIE techniqe might be well available for the case of large discrepancy of vessel size. The patency rate, microscopic healing findings in continuous technique were seen as the lowest level among the three anastomotic techniques, therefore the application of continuous technique was recommended only on the inevitable case.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.9
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• pp.1-15
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to classify the types of and to examine the characteristics of the golden decoration technique used for expressing patterns on the costumes from Dang dynasty to Cheong dynasty era. In order to classify the types of the golden decoration technique and to examine its characteristics, literature review, focusing on documents and records of China, and investigation on the relics from Dang to Cheong Dynasty era were conducted. The types of decoration technique using gold include china JigGeum (brocade technique), InGeum (attaching gold powder and flake technique), GeumSaJaSu (embroidery technique), GeumSaTapestry, mixed technique. Interestingly, it was newly found in this study that embroidery with golden thread was used in the GeumSaTapestry technique and that there were some cases of the mixture of 2-3 gold decoration technique. The GeumSajaSu technique was used the most frequently from Dang dynasty to Yo dynasty era. However, its use had decreased enormously while the use of JigGeum had increased a lot since Geum dynasty era. The mixture of 2-5 techniques was used frequently in JigGeum, GeumSaJaSu, and GeumSaTapestry, but not used in InGeum. Particularly, the mixture technique was the most frequently used in the GeumSaTapestry, which expresses by composition of paintings. All four methods were used the mostly frequently in costumes, while GeumSaJaSu and GeumSaTapestry were generally used for home accessories. InGeum and GeumSaJaSu were used a lot for gaze and leno fabrics such as Sa or Ra, while JigGeum was mostly used for satin weaved fabrics like Dan.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.5-11
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Mulligan's straight leg raise with traction technique and hold-relax technique on flexibility of hamstring in people with shortened hamstring. Methods: Thirty two subjects participated in this study. The subjects were assigned to either the Mulligan's straight leg raise with traction technique group (n=16) or the hold-relax technique group (n=16). 90-90 straight leg raise test was performed for evaluation of hamstring shortening at initial time of study. After intervention, immediate effect (immediately after intervention) and lasted effect (60 min after intervention) were assessed. Results: In the both Mulligan's straight leg raise with traction technique and hold-relax technique groups, significant improvements on flexibility of hamstring was observed in immediately and 60 minute after intervention (p<.05). However, there are no significant difference was observed between groups (p>.05). Conclusion: In the results of this study, both Mulligan's straight leg raise with traction technique and hold-relax technique show immediately and 60 minute after evaluation effectiveness in flexibility of hamstring of people with shortened hamstring. In addition, although the difference is not statistically significant, Mulligan's straight leg raise with traction technique was more increased average extension angle of knee joint at 90-90 straight leg raise test than the hold-relax technique.