• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 2022

Purpose: With the rapid changes in the technical development and the trend of consumption trend, the convenience store industry is facing an unprecedented competitive situation in the consumption environment where the boundary between online and offline is broken due to the stagnation of offline distribution channels and the spread of online shopping. The biggest innovation strategy of the major convenience store brands in recent years are introducing the O2O (Online to Offline) platform and presenting new products and services beyond the boundaries of online and offline to transform themselves into Omni Channel stores. The study is designed to analyze the effect of innovativeness of convenience store as a stimulus in O2O platform which customers perceive on store loyalty, the final response to external stimuli, through customer engagement with convenience store brands. Specifically, the innovativeness of convenience stores was divided into types of core activities in corporate marketing and focused on innovations in services, products(proposals), promotions and experiences. Research design, data, and methodology: Various hypotheses have been developed to achieve this research purpose. The data were collected from 1,128 questionnaires the age between 15 and 60 who had experience using retail store apps and delivery apps and were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and SmartPLS 3.3.7 program. Measurement model analysis was carried out to assess convergent and discriminant validity. Also, common method bias was tested using the values of VIF (variance inflation factor). The hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling with SmartPLS 3.3.7 program. Results: First, service innovation has a positive effect on cognitive engagement. Second, product, promotion and experience innovation have a positive effect on cognitive and affective engagement. Third, cognitive influences affective engagement. Finally, both cognitive and affective engagement affect store loyalty, but affective engagement has a stronger effect on store loyalty than cognitive engagement. Conclusions: All four types of innovation and cognitive engagement have a positive effect on emotional engagement, which has a stronger effect on store loyalty than cognitive engagement. Thus, while innovation can build loyalty through emotional engagement, innovation strategies must be designed and pursued with caution in terms of impact through cognitive engagement may not achieve the planned goals.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.228-243
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• 2023

Bentonite is widely recognized and utilized as a buffer material in high-level radioactive waste repositories, mainly due to its favorable characteristics such as swelling capability and low permeability. Bentonite buffers play an important role in ensuring the safe disposal of radioactive waste by providing a low permeability barrier and effectively preventing the migration of radionuclides into the surrounding rock. However, the long-term performance of bentonite buffers still remains a subject of ongoing research, and one of the main concerns is the erosion of the buffer induced by swelling and groundwater flow. The erosion of the bentonite buffer can significantly impact repository safety by compromising the integrity of buffer and leading to the formation of colloids that may facilitate the transport of radionuclides through groundwater, consequently elevating the risk of radionuclide migration. Therefore, it is very important to numerically quantify the erosion of bentonite buffer to evaluate the long-term performance of bentonite buffer, which is crucial for the safety assessment of high-level radioactive waste disposal. In this technical note, Two-region model is introduced, a proposed model to simulate the erosion behavior of bentonite based on a dynamic bentonite diffusion model, and quantitative evaluation is conducted for the bentonite buffer erosion with this model.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to reveal the circumstances under which the cases of harm to health caused by humidifier disinfectant were neglected and show the points where the number of victims and the degree of damage could have been reduced. In addition, it attempts to describe how damage management proceeded immediately after the incident and actually exacerbated the damage. Finally, it explores the unfortunate aspects of the recent trial. By doing so, it attempts to take this as an opportunity to consider whether a tragic event such as the humidifier disinfectant incident could occur in the future. Methods: This study collected and analyzed data on chemical material characteristics related to humidifier disinfectants, data on health effect characteristics, data on related laws and regulations from the Ministry of Environment, data related to the damage investigation by the Korea Environmental Industry and Technology Institute, and current contents. Results: The lack of related systems and laws is the area where the greatest responsibility for the cause of the humidifier disinfectant disaster falls, so it is difficult for the government to escape this responsibility. Establishing a dedicated department to identify the prevalence of certain diseases within the functions of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service to monitor health can greatly contribute to the prevention and management of diseases through early detection and management of group outbreaks caused by harmful factors. Humidifier disinfectant damage relief should have been expanded earlier beyond HDLI (humidifier disinfectant lung injury) to include non-specific diseases such as asthma, pneumonia, and interstitial pneumonia. The scope of relief benefits should have also been expanded earlier to include the payment of disability benefits. Fortunately, with the 2020 revision of the Special Act, the conditions for estimating causal relations were eased and individual screening systems such as health impact assessment were reorganized along with the introduction of a rapid screening system. Conclusions: The management system for chemical substances in a country is clearly of paramount importance, and the ministry in charge must have a response system in case of damage to health effects. Administration that looks at the victims' situation from their point of view is needed, and technical countermeasures are required to quickly recognize the prevalence of certain diseases.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.149-170
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• 2023

This study analyzed the factors influencing users' intention to use the Metaverse by applying the extended technology acceptance model. In other words, the factors affecting users' intention to use the Metaverse were defined as technical characteristics (telepresence, interoperability, seamlessness, concurrence, and economy flow) and personal characteristics (social influence and perceived enjoyment) from the perspective of the Extended Technology Acceptance Model. For this purpose, a survey was conducted among men and women of various ages ranging from teenagers to 60s, and the data collected from 327 participants were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Smart PLS 4.0. The results showed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, which are antecedents of the Extended Technology Acceptance Model, influence the intention to use Metaverse, and perceived ease of use influences perceived usefulness. Telepresence, interoperability and economy flow were found to have a positive effect on perceived usefulness, and interoperability, seamlessness and concurrence were found to have a positive effect on perceived ease of use. In addition, social influence and perceived enjoyment had a positive effect on intention to use the Metaverse. This study is significant in that it empirically analyzed the factors of users' acceptance of the Metaverse, which is attracting attention as a new platform that will bring significant changes to our daily lives and platform consumption environments.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.103-110
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• 2023

This study targeted KakaoTalk app users, mainly in Seoul and the metropolitan area, and verified the factors that had a significant impact on the intention to continuously use the app through KakaoTalk contents. Among various content characteristics, five variables were used to verify the variables that had the greatest influence on the intention to continue using, and the ones that did not. As a result of testing the five hypotheses, it was found that convenience, enjoyment, informativeness, and perceived usefulness had a significant positive(+) effect on the intention to continue using, but intimacy did not. From this, it can be determined that the majority of users use the app content because it is useful and informative, rather than because they have a sense of familiarity. In this way, the purpose of this study is to provide empirical help to factors closely related to the intention of continuous use in deriving priorities to be considered in the service planning stage as well as in terms of technical design of contents when developing mobile apps in the mobile app industry as a whole and in the field in the future. I want to provide it, but there is a meaning.

• 지역과문화
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.77-104
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• 2019

This study examines the efficiency of using local cultural resources in local governments. The study does so by DEA(Data Envelope Analysis) using data from the year 2017 for 17 local governments in Korea. In addition, this study tries to estimate environmental efficiency of local cultural resources. For this, the 'Total Efficiency' including the output variables related to the local cultural resource environment was analyzed. After than It compared the 'Total Efficiency' with the 'Utilization Efficiency', to estimate the 'Environmental Efficiency' of local cultural resources. The followings are results which are significant statistically. Firstly, it was evaluated that five of the 17 local governments utilized the local cultural resources efficiently. Secondly, it was result that the inefficiency of the other local governments was relatively influenced by the economies of scale than PTE(Pure Technical Efficiency). Thirdly, It has been confirmed that environmental aspects such as cultural properties and cultural infrastructure have a considerable impact on the increase or decrease of efficiency in local governments. The difference in the efficiency of local governments are influenced by the population density. In order to improve the efficiency in the future, it is necessary to adjust the appropriate level of input according to the local population estimate, which is a major consumer of the local cultural resource utilization. In addition, the local festivals and village festivals held by local governments should be checked to improve in quality by eliminating inefficiencies. Also, it should be considered of environmental factors together, when analyzing the efficiency of the local cultural resource in local governments.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.58.1-59
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• 2021

Exploration of asteroids' internal structure is essential for understanding their evolutional history. It also provides a fundamental information about the history of coalescence and collision of the solar system. Among several models of the internal structures, the rubble-pile model, confirmed by the near-Earth asteroid (25143) Itokawa by Hayabusa mission [1], is now widely regarded as the most common to asteroids with size ranging from 200 m to 10 km [2]. On the contrary, monolithic and core-mantle structures are also possible for small asteroids [3]. It is, however, still challenging to look through the interior of a target object using remote-sensing devices. In this presentation, we introduce our ongoing research conducted at Seoul National and propose an idea to infer the internal structure of Apophis using available instruments. Itokawa's research provides an important benchmark for Apophis exploration because both asteroids have similar size and composition [4][5]. We have conducted research on Itokawa's evolution in terms of collision and space weathering. Space weathering is the surface alteration process caused by solar wind implantation and micrometeorite bombardment [6]. Meanwhile, resurfacing via a collision acts as a counter-process of space weathering by exposing fresh materials under the matured layer and lower the overall degree of space weathering. Therefore, the balance of these two processes determine the space weathering degrees of the asteroid. We focus on the impact evidence on the boulder surface and found that space weathering progresses in only 100-10,000 years and modifies the surface optical properties (Jin & Ishiguro, KAS 2020 Fall Meeting). It is important to note that the timescale is significantly shorter than the Itokawa's age, suggesting that the asteroid can be totally processed by space weathering. Accordingly, our result triggers a further discussion about why Itokawa indicates a moderately fresh spectrum (Sq-type denotes less matured than S-type). For example, Itokawa's smooth terrains show a weaker degree of space weathering than other S-type asteroids [7]. We conjecture that the global seismic shaking caused by collisions with >1 mm-sized interplanetary dust particles induces granular convection, which hinders the progression of space weathering [8]. Note that the efficiency of seismic wave propagation is strongly dependent on the internal structure of the asteroid. Finally, we consider possible approaches to investigate Apophis's internal structure. The first idea is studying the space weathering age, as conducted for Itokawa. If Apophis indicates a younger age, the internal structure would have more voids [9]. In addition, the 2029 close encounter with Earth provides a rare natural opportunity to witness the contrast between before and after the event. If the asteroid exhibits a slight change in shape and space weathering degree, one can determine the physical structure of the internal materials (e.g., rubble-pile monolithic, thick or thin regolith layer, the cohesion of the materials). We will also consider a possible science using a seismometer.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.39 no.10
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• pp.49-55
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• 2023

The discovery of lunar ice in the lunar polar region has fueled international interest in in situ resource utilization (ISRU) and the construction of lunar habitats. Unlike Earth's atmosphere, the Moon presents unique challenges, including frequent meteoroid impacts, direct exposure to space radiation, and extreme temperature variations. To safeguard lunar habitats from these threats, the construction of a protective shield is essential. Lunar regolith, as a construction material, offers distinct advantages, reducing transportation costs and ensuring a sustainable supply of raw materials. Moreover, it streamlines manufacturing, integration schedules, and enables easy repairs and modifications without Earth resupply. Adjusting the shield's thickness within the habitat's structural limits remains feasible as lunar conditions evolve. Although extensive research on protective shields using lunar regolith has been conducted, unresolved conflicts persist regarding shield requirements. This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of the primary lunar threats and suggests a minimum shield thickness of 2 m using lunar regolith. Furthermore, it outlines the necessary technology for the rapid construction of such protective shields.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.725-736
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• 2023

The compliance of deep geological disposal facilities for high-level radioactive waste with safety objectives requires consideration of uncertainties owing to temporal changes in the disposal system. A comprehensive review and analysis of the characteristics of this evolution should be undertaken to identify the effects on multiple barriers and the biosphere. We analyzed the evolution of the buffer, backfill, plug, and closure regions during the early phase of the post-closure period as part of a long-term performance assessment for an operating license application for a deep geological repository in Finland. Degradation mechanisms generally expected in engineered barriers were considered, and long-term evolution features were examined for use in performance assessments. The importance of evolution features was classified into six categories based on the design of the Finnish case. Results are expected to be useful as a technical basis for performance and safety assessment in developing the Korean deep geological disposal system for high-level radioactive waste. However, for a more detailed review and evaluation of each feature, it is necessary to obtain data for the final disposal site and facility-specific design, and to assess its impact in advance.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.154-164
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• 2023

The Construction Technology Information System collects, processes, and provides the public with free of charge 16 types of construction technology-related texts or index information, such as construction standards, construction practices, and construction reports, required at construction sites to enhance domestic construction technology. This study judged that user satisfaction could be increased if the budget was allocated first to the most effective construction technology information DB establishment. For each type of construction technology information, the level of satisfaction felt by the population for the quantity provided and the value of use according to the acquisition and utilization of information were investigated. Reliability between independent variables and dependent variables through a multiple regression analysis process to identify how the demographic characteristics of the population affect user satisfaction and the factors that affect the use value of information for each type of construction technology information. and the correlation was analyzed. The correlation between the demographic characteristics of respondents and users' satisfaction with the provided quantity was generally low, but construction experience, age, etc. were found to have an effect on satisfaction with the provided quantity. In particular, among the demographic measurement items of respondents, the more construction experience they had, the higher their satisfaction level with the quantity provided of low-level technical standards, and it was analyzed that older age had an impact on satisfaction with the quantity provided for small and medium-sized business support information.