• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.285-294
• /
• 2014

Recently, research using robots as a learning tool has increasingly been conducted in K-12 education area. It has been known that hands-on robots give positive educational effect not only on science and mathematics, but on STEAM activity, and help improve the abilities necessary in the 21 century, such as critical thinking, creativity, communication skills, and team work. Despite many research achievements, there is still few research on robot based curriculum to improve the instrumental application of robots in the primary and secondary education fields. In other words, there is a lack of studies of systematic educational contents, educational methods and educational evaluation to increase the instrumental application according to schools and class years. Therefore, this study analyzed domestic and foreign robot based curriculums and relevant cases to develop 'robot' related educational programs in primary school and middle school, suggested the achievement objectives in the robot area as a sub category of the computer science curriculum which will be revised, and proposed teaching-learning method and evaluation method.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.151-160
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of teaching method using Standardized Patients (SPs) on nursing competence, self-directed learning readiness, and problem solving ability-focusing on subcutaneous insulin injection. Methods: This research was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized post-test design. The subjects consisted of 62 junior nursing students at E University. Scenarios to train SPs and checklists to evaluate the students' competence were developed by our research team. The experimental group (n=31) participated in the teaching class using SPs. The control group (n=31) received traditional practice education. The collected data were analyzed with descriptive analysis, $\chi^2$/Fisher's exact test, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and Cronbach's $\alpha$ using SPSS WIN 14.0 Program. Results: The mean scores of competence, self-directed learning readiness, and problem solving were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group. Conclusion: As confirmed by this research findings, the teaching method using SPs was more effective than the traditional method to improve junior nursing students' competence, self-directed learning readiness, and problem solving. Therefore, It is necessary to develop a various of scenarios and to testify their effectiveness.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.194-201
• /
• 2019

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of muscle thickness (MT) and pennation angle (PA) measurements of the ankle muscle, including the tibialis anterior (TA) and the medial gastrocnemius (MGCM), using a hands-free fixed probe and to compare it with the conventional linear probe. Design: Observational inter-rater reliability study. Methods: Thirty-three healthy subjects (20 male, 13 female) were included. In all subjects, ultrasound images were acquired from the TA and MGCM using a hands-free fixed probe and a conventional linear probe in random sequence by two examiners at two time-points within a 7-day interval. MT and PA were calculated on the taken images. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), 95% confidence intervals, standard error of measurement and the Pearson's correlation coefficient were used to estimate reliability and validity. And also, Bland-Altman plots were generated for a visual representation of MT and PA at the TA and MGCM. Results: The ICC for all intra-rater reliability was 0.943 to 0.995 and that for all inter-rater reliability was 0.928 to 0.993, indicating excellent reliability. A significantly high correlation was observed between MT and PA at the TA and MGCM with use of the hands-free fixed probe and the conventional linear probe (r>0.938; p<0.001). Conclusions: The hands-free fixed probe provided excellent images for measurement of the MT and PA of the TA and MGCM and is a useful device for making clinical measurements of muscle structure without grasping of the probe.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.119-134
• /
• 2012

Balhae(698~926) was the ancient state which opened the Nambuk-guk period with the Unified Silla. But Balhae architecture began to included in the history of Korean architecture only about 15 years ago, such as the books written by Yun Jang-seop or Ju Nam-cheol. I discussed four issues related to Balhae architecture in this paper. First, I criticized the excavation report of 24 stones remains at Jiangdong in Duhua city, and I asserted the ondol site belonged to different period. Second, I also interpreted that the building found on the tombs no.13 and no.14, in the Longhai burial area in Helong city must be a wooden stupa. Third, Balhae played some important roles in the history of ondol. It developed Koguryeo ondol in terms of structure, gave an opportunity to the ruling class to adopt ondol for the first time, and passed the heating system down to the Jurchen, the ancestor of the modern Manchurian. Fourth, the Russian-Korean joint research team excavated seven building sites in Koksharovka 1 fortress from Russian territory these four years, and it is reasonable to assume the fortress was the center of Anbyeon-bu, one of 15 local government districts in Balhae. I guess this buildings were the royal shrine built by resisters after the fall of Balhae, and the vessel stands found there must be used for ancestral memorial ceremony inside them.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1996.07c
• /
• pp.1414-1417
• /
• 1996

The purpose of this study Is to research and develop $V_{6}O_{13}$ composite cathode for lithium thin film battery. $V_{6}O_{13}$ represents a class of cathode active material used in Li rechargeable batteries. In this study, we investigated cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge characteristics of $V_6O_{13}$/SPE/Li cells. Cyclic voltammogram of $V_{6}O_{13}$/SPE/Li cell at scan rate 1mV/sec showed reduction peaks of 2.25V and 2.4V and oxidation peaks of 2.4V and 2.2V. The discharge curve of $V_{6}O_{13}$/SPE/Li cell showed 4 potential plateaus. The discharge capacity was decreased in the beginning of charge/discharge cycling. After 8th cycling, the discharge capacity was stable. The discharge capacity of 1st cycle and 15th cycle was 290mAh/g and 147mAh/g at $25^{\circ}C$, respectively.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.311-320
• /
• 2014

Rotor blades are important devices that affect the power performance, efficiency of energy conversion, and loading and dynamic stability of wind turbines. Therefore, considering the characteristics of a wind turbine system is important for achieving optimal blade design. When a design is complete, a design evaluation should be performed to verify the structural integrity of the proposed blade in accordance with international standards or guidelines. This paper presents a detailed exposition of the evaluation items and acceptance criteria required for the design certification of wind turbine blades. It also presents design evaluation results for a 2-MW blade (KR40.1b). Analyses of ultimate strength, buckling stability, and tip displacement were performed using FEM, and Miner's rule was applied to evaluate the fatigue life of the blade. The structural integrity of the KR40.1b blade was found to satisfy the design standards.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.40 no.6
• /
• pp.367-373
• /
• 2007

We assessed the stock of the southern bluefin tuna (SBT, Thunnus maccoyii) by applying the MULTIFAN-CL model. The model is spatially disaggregated, with the population and fisheries stratified into a number of regions within the overall stock range. Catch, effort, length-frequency, and tagging data from 1965 to 2003 were stratified by three regions and four quarters (Jan-Mar, Apr-Jun, Jul-Sept and Oct-Dec). These data were used to estimate the instantaneous fishing mortality (F), biomass, spawning biomass, recruitment, and so on. The Commission for the Conservation of Southern Bluefin Tuna (CCSBT) used only Japanese data and did not consider migration for the SBT stock assessment. By contrast, we used Japanese, Australian, New Zealand, Taiwanese, and Korean data, and considered migration. As a result, the estimated annual average F of all age classes was 0.073/yr and the F of age class 6-10 was the highest. The results also showed that the biomass and recruitment of SBT had declined significantly after 1965. Compared with the CCSBT results, the estimated spawning biomass in this study was lower and more uncertain. However, we will conduct a sensitivity analysis to get more accurate biological parameters and results. In addition, we need to use the bootstrap resampling method to quantify the uncertainty.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.346-351
• /
• 2003

In spite of the size and complexity of software becomes large and complicated, the demand of rapid development, cost reduction, good productivity and good quality software is increasing in these days. Many methods were proposed for efficient software development such as various Case tools. Metrics, Process improvement model (CMM, SPICE, ISO9000) and etc. However, most of them we useful to manage the whole projects rather than an individual programming. In this paper, we introduced a system for quality assessment and complexity metrics for Java programs to assess the individual programmer's quality rather than team's quality. This system shows not only the metrics value for quality assessment but also the source code and the soucture of classes simultaneously.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
• /
• v.12 no.1
• /
• pp.117-129
• /
• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce of the Urbani School Health Kit (USHK) and to investigate the adaptability to Korean situation. Methods: The authors analyzed the contents of USHK developed by the health promotion team at the Western Pacific Regional Office of World Health Organization (WHO WPRO) in collaboration with health promotion experts at University of the Philippine Open University, and by observing health classes using the USHK in Angono elementary school in Manila, Philippines. Results: The following are the characteristics of USHK: 1) The USHK was composed of a teacher's guide and six books targeted to two groups of children: ages 5~6 years and 10~12, and an integrated package containing materials that can be used to support health education and health promotion activities in elementary schools. 2) The USHK could be integrated in the curriculum to reduce the burden of teacher's class preparation time and help teachers conveying clear and accurate health messages in their classes. 3) Several evaluation tools such as pre-test post-test quizzes, self-evaluation tools, observer checklists, and evaluation interview protocols were developed to monitor and evaluate whether USHK was useful, helpful, and appropriate. Conclusions: We found that USHK was a practical tool for supporting health promotion in elementary schools and could be applicable to health promoting schools in Korea if it were modified to address Korean school health problems.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2015

To create a wind resource map, we need a contour map, a roughness map and wind data. We need a land cover map for the roughness map of these data. A land cover map represents the area showing similar characteristics after color indexing based on the scientific method. The features of land cover is classified by Remote sensing technique. In this study, we verified the application of the NDVI technique is reasonable after we created the wind resource map using roughness maps by unsupervised classification and NDVI technique. As a result, the wind resource map using the NDVI technique showed a 60% accordance rate and difference in class less than one. From the results, The NDVI technique is found alternative to create roughness maps by the unsupervised classification.