• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.471-479
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• 2006

This study was carried out to offer the natural restoration plan of river by objective analyzing the vegetation and flora around stream in Mt. Midong and to develop the materials for restoration. The flora were summarized as 95 taxa; 33 families, 84 genera, 81 species and 14 varieties. The naturalized plants were 15 taxa; Dactylis glmerata, Panicum dichotomiflorum, Rumex crispus, Chenopodium glaucum, Trifolium repens, Hibiscus trionum, Oenothera lamarckiana, Ambrosia artemisifolia var. elatior, Aster pilosus, Erigeron annuus, Erigeron canadensis, Coreopsis tinctoria, Taraxacum officinale, Bidens frondosa and Cosmos bipinnatus. The major dominant species was Phragmites japonica in all communites and semi dominant species were Salix gracilistyla, Phalaris arundinacea, Bidens frondosa and Persicaria thunbergii. To restore the river, we must consider the biddiversity, habitats and so forth, and use the plant materials like Phragmites japonica, Salix gracilistyla, Persicaria thunbergii and Veronica anagallis-aquatica.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2005

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of blanching on the quality characteristics of dandelion Kimchi. Experimental groups were divided BT-group (dandelion was blanched in the $3\%$ brine for 15 seconds at $100^{\circ}C$, then salted in $8\%$ brine for 5 hours) and NT-group (dandelion was salted at $8\%$ brine for 5 hours). Changes in pH, acidity, color, number of total microbe and lactic acid bacteria, antioxidant activity and sensory quality were investigated during the fermentation at $10^{\circ}C$. The pH of the BT- and NT-Kimchi maintained higher than 4.1 for 21-days fermentation, but that of BT-Kimchi was lower than that of NT-Kimchi. And also, the titrable acidity of BT-Kimchi was maintained higher than that of NT-Kimchi. $L^\ast\;value\;and\;b^\ast$ value of BT-Kimchi were higher, while $a^\ast$ value of BT-Kimchi was lower than that of NT-Kimchi. There was no significantly difference in total microbial count between BT- and NT-Kimchi, while number of the lactic acid bacteria in the BT-Kimchi was higher than that of BT-Kimchi. There was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between BT- and NT-group during the fermentation. In the results of sensory evaluation of the dandelion Kimchi, toughness, color, flavor and overall quality were good in the BT-Kimchi, while the bitter taste showed relatively strong in the NT-Kimchi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.89-105
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• 2012

This study is carried out to survey and analyse the vascular plants distributed around the Jusan Reservoir, Juwangsan national park. The results are as follows. The numbers of vascular plants were 377 taxa; 85 families, 253 genera, 332 species, 3 subspecies, 37 varieties and 5 forma. The endangered plants designated by Ministry of Environment were 2 taxa; Berchemia berchemiaefolia (Makino) Koidz. and Iris odaesanensis Y.N.Lee. The rare plants designated by Korea Forest Service were 6 taxa; Eranthis stellata Maxim., Aristolochia contorta Bunge, Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom., Berchemia berchemiaefolia (Makino) Koidz., Scopolia japonica Maxim. and Iris odaesanensis Y.N.Lee. The endemic plants were 4 taxa; Carpinus laxiflora (Siebold & Zucc.) Blume, Pseudostellaria coreana (Nakai) Ohwi, Philadelphus schrenkii Rupr. and Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H.Bailey. The specific plants by floristic region were 38 taxa; Juglans mandshurica Maxim., Salix chaenomeloides Kimura, Hylomecon vernalis Maxim., Lonicera praeflorens Batalin, Erythronium japonicum (Baker) Decne., Potentilla dickinsii Franch. & Sav., Celtis aurantiaca Nakai, Anemone reflexa Steph. & Willd., Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom. and so forth. The naturalized plants were 20 taxa; Fallopia dumetorum (L.) Holub, Chenopoidum album L., Lepidium apetalum Willd., Veronica persica Poir., Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Taraxacum officinale Weber and so forth.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.260-275
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• 2020

Background: We investigated the antioxidant, anti-wrinkles, whitening, and moisturizing properties and amounts of phenolic compounds of ethanol extracts from flowers of 10 resource plants from Namwon and Mt. Jiri., Korea. Methods and Results: We measured antioxidant efficacy based on the total polyphenol, and total flavonoid content, and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. We evaluated the inhibitory effect on melanin synthesis and tyrosinase activity for the whitening effect. Furthermore, we analyzed the elastase and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) inhibition activity for anti-wrinkle capacity. To evaluate the moisturizing effect, we examined hyaluronan synthase (HAS) mRNA expression. In addition, the 19 phenolic compounds were detected using high performace liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the 10 flowers, the antioxidant effect was high in the order of Rosa multiflora, Nelumbo nucifera, and Elsholtzia splendens. Whitening effect was high in the order of N. nucifera, R. multiflora, and Dendranthema zawadskii. As for the anti-wrinkle property, N. nucifera was the most effective followed by R. multiflora. Taraxacum coreanum was the best for moisturizing effect, followed by D. zawadskii, and E. splendens. Seven phenolic compounds were detected in the extracts of the 10 flowers. Conclusions: Overall, the extracts of five flowers extracts showed strong potential as antioxidant, whitening, anti-wrinkle, and moisturizing functional cosmetic agents.

• Integrative Medicine Research
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2014

Background: The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3)is constitutively activated in many human cancers. It promotes tumor cell proliferation,inhibits apoptosis, induces angiogenesis and metastasis, and suppresses antitumor hostimmune responses. Therefore, Stat3 has emerged as a promising molecular target for cancertherapies. In this study, we evaluated the Stat3-suppressive activity of 38 herbal medicinestraditionally used in Korea.Methods: Medicinal herb extracts in 70% ethanol were screened for their ability to suppressStat3 in the A549 human lung cancer cell line. A Stat3-responsive reporter assay system wasused to detect intracellular Stat3 activity in extract-treated cells, and Western blot analyseswere performed to measure the expression profiles of Stat3-regulated proteins.Results: Fifty percent of the 38 extracts possessed at least mild Stat3-suppressive activities(i.e., activity less than 75% of the vehicle control). Ethanol extracts of Bupleurum falcatumL., Taraxacum officinale Weber, Solanum nigrum L., Ulmus macrocarpa Hance, Euonymus alatusSieb., Artemisia capillaris Thunb., and Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill inhibited up to 75% of thevehicle control Stat3 activity level. A549 cells treated with these extracts also had reducedBcl-xL, Survivin, c-Myc, and Mcl-1 expression.Conclusion: Many medicinal herbs traditionally used in Korea contain Stat3 activity-suppressing substances. Because of the therapeutic impact of Stat3 inhibition, these resultscould be useful when developing novel cancer therapeutics from medicinal herbs.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.38-44
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• 2019

Background: Taraxacum platycarpum has been used in traditional medicine in Korea to treat intoxication and edema and as a diuretic. According to previous reports, it has anti-cancer, anti-gastritis, and anti-inflammation effects. However, the improvement effect of T. platycarpum on rheumatoid arthritis has not been investigated. The anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation effects of the aerial parts of T. platycarpum are different from those of its subterranean parts. Thus, we evaluated the effect of the water extracts of Taraxaci radix (WTR) on type II collagen-induced rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) in animal models. Methods and Results: Rheumatoid arthritis was induced by type II collagen. WTR (100 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) was administered to the animal models. Methotrexate was used as the positive control. The levels of interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, and type II collagen IgG in the animals were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Treatment with 500 mg/kg WTR decreased the serum levels of interleukin-6, TNF-alpha, and collagen IgG in the CIA models. Moreover, treatment with WTR diminished the arthritisinduced swelling of the hind legs and monocyte infiltration in the bloodvessels of the animal models. Conclusions: These results indicate that WTR has the potential to improve rheumatoid arthritis by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha. However, further experiments are required to elucidate the influence of WTR on signal transduction in vitro and in vivo.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.229-237
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• 2023

Objective: This study evaluated the effects of dandelion supplements on lactation performance, circulating antioxidative activity and plasma metabolomics in primiparous dairy cows. Methods: A total of 60 mid-lactation dairy cows (milk yield = 34.29±0.34 kg/d; days in milk = 151.72±2.36 days) were divided into 4 treatment groups randomly, comprising the addition of dandelion at 0, 100, 200, 400 g/d per head. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks with an extra 10 days' pre-feeding period. Milk and blood samples were collected, and plasma samples were selected to perform metabolomics analysis. Results: Supplementing 200 g/d of dandelion increased the yield of milk and lactose (p≤0.05). The milk somatic cell counts (p≤0.05) were lower in all dandelion groups than those in the control group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (p≤0.05) and superoxide dismutase (p≤0.05) were increased and plasma malondialdehyde (p = 0.01) was decreased when cows were fed 200 g/d dandelion. Plasma metabolomics analysis showed that 23 hub differential metabolites were identified in the 200 g/d dandelion group. These metabolites such as ribose, glutamic acid, valine, and phenylalanine were enriched in D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism (p = 0.06, impact value = 1), phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis (p = 0.05, impact value = 0.5), and starch and sucrose metabolism (p = 0.21, impact value = 0.13). Moreover, correlation analysis showed that circulating ribose, mannose, and glutamic acid were positively related to milk yield. Conclusion: Dandelion supplementation could improve lactation performance and elevate the plasma carbohydrate and amino acids metabolism and antioxidative activity. Supplementation of 200 g/d dandelion is recommended for lactating dairy cows.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2021.04a
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• pp.33-33
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• 2021

자웅산(264.3m)은 DMZ 접경지역인 경기도 파주시 법원읍에 위치하며, 백두대간 줄기 중 한북정맥을 따라 동쪽으로는 노고산(401m), 서쪽으로는 명학산(220m) 사이에 위치하고 있다. 2020년 4월부터 10월까지 계절별로 1회씩 총 3회 식물상 조사를 진행하였고 화상자료와 증거표본을 확보하였다. 본 조사로부터 자웅산 일대에 자생하는 관속식물은 82과 208속 267종 9아종 22변종 4품종으로 총 303분류군이 확인되었다. 양치식물은 10과 18분류군, 나자식물은 2과 6분류군, 쌍자엽식물이 62과 226분류군, 단자엽식물이 8과 53분류군으로 확인되었다. 개나리(Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai), 백운산원추리(Hemerocallis hakuunensis Nakai), 키버들(Salix koriyanagi Kimura ex Goerz) 등 3과 3분류군의 특산식물이 확인되었다. 침입외래식물로는 가시도꼬마리(Xanthium italicum Moretti), 단풍잎돼지풀(Ambrosia trifida L.), 미국개기장(Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), 서양민들레(Taraxacum officinale F.H.Wigg.), 애기망초(Conyza parva Cronquist) 등 7과 23분류군으로 조사되어 조사식물 303분류군의 7.6%를 차지하였다. 환경부 지정 식물구계학적 특정종은 V등급이 미나리냉이(Cardamine leucantha (Tausch) O.E.Schulz), IV등급이 당단풍나무(Acer pseudosieboldianum (Pax) Kom.), 산복사나무(Prunus davidiana (Carrière) Franch.) 등 2분류군, III등급이 금낭화(Dicentra spectabilis (L.) Lem.), 꽃쥐손이(Geranium platyanthum Duthie), 분비나무(Abies nephrolepis (Trautv. ex Maxim.) Maxim.) 등 7분류군이 확인되어 III등급 이상의 특정종은 10분류군으로 파악된다.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.227-237
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• 1997

In order to search for anti-Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type-1 agents from Korean medicinal herbs and Korean traditional prescriptions (herb complexes), we selected 80 medicinal herbs and 45 prescriptions, based on a review of the Korean traditional medicine books. Both methanol extracts and boiling-water extracts were tested by means of the MTT assay (tetrazolium based colorimetric assay). Ten of the 125 methanol extracts: CM-11, CM-18, CM-19, CM-21, CM-22, CM-39, MM-3, MM-18, MM-29, MM-73 (see explanation of nomenclature below), showed efficacy against HSV-1. Twelve of the water extracts: CW-2, CW-3-I, CW-3-II, CW-18, MW-3, MW-5 MW-6, MW-12, MW-47, MW-69, MW-73 and MW-79 were active. #3 (individual herb) and #73 (individual herb) were interesting because both water and methanol extracts were active. Especially, #3 is a part of composition of Hong-il-$laksamd{\check{u}}ngbang$ and Hojanghaedokt'ang which have anti-HSV-1 activitives. The SI value of MW-69 and CW-18 was relative high as $10.2{\pm}0.7$ and $11.8{\pm}2.2$. The cytotoxic effect on Vera cells of $Panch'{\check{o}}nch'onch'{\check{o}}ngbang$, Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. and acycloguanosine was determined by MTT assay. Water extracts of $Panch'{\check{o}}nch'onch'{\check{o}}ngbang$ (prescription) and Taraxacum platycarpum H. Dahlst. showed very weak cytotoxic effects on Vero cells at > $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ but acycloguanosine showed strang cytotoxic effects on Vera cells at > $100\;{\mu}g/ml$. As a result, #3, #73, MW-69 and CW-18 are considered as potentially useful for anti-HSV-1 agent and will be the focus of further research. Abbreviations: CM - methanol extracts of traditional prescriptions; CW - water extracts of traditional prescriptions; MM - methanol extracts of individual herbs; MW - water extracts of individual herbs.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.233-246
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to suggest the possibility of utilizing the wildflower pasture for promoting public interest. Growth characteristics, botanical composition, fauna distribution on wildflower pastures were observed. The experimental design included two treatments: native wildflower pasture(NWP, turf grasses 6 species + native wildflower 11 species) and introduced wildflower pasture(lWP, turf grasses 6 species + introduced wildflower 9 species). The field trials were carried out on the experimental pasture plots at Chungnam National University from 1997 to 2000. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The flowering of wildflower was maintained continuously from May to September, and the colors of wildflowers; varied seasonally during this period. With native flowers, however, Hemerocallis fulva, Belamcanda chinenis and Aster koraiensisi showed problems in lately germination and early establishment. Meanwhile, Introduced wildflower showed not only excellent germination and early establishment compared to native flowers species but also maintained brighter colors. But Coreopsis tinctoria, Achillea mi/lefolium and Rudbeckia bicolor had colonized at a higher height or possessed stronger rhizome. 2. The appropriate species of turf grass which maintained continuous seasonal distribution are thought to be tall fescue, perennial ryegrass. Kentucky bluegrass in NWP and IWP. 3. Botanical composition of wild flower in NWP was arranged in the order of Achillea sibirica > Lotus corniculatus var. Japonicus > Dianthus chinensis > Plantago asiatica > Taraxacum pla~ycarpum > Viola mandshurica > Aster koraiensis > Vicia tetasperma > Lespedeza stipulacea > Hemerocallis fulva, respectively. The highest seasonal distribution of native wildflower, Achillea sibirica was in spring and summer, Lotus corniculatus var. Japonicus was in autumn. Botanical composition of wild flower in IWP was arranged in the order of Achillea millefolium Coreopsis tinctoria > Silene armeria > Coreopsis lanceolata > Rudbeckia bicolor > Sanguisorba oficinalis > Centaurea cyanus > Chrysanthemum leucanthemum > Dianthus petraeus, respectively. The highest seasonal distribution of introduced wildflower, Silene armeria was in spring, Achillea millefolium was in summer, and Coreopsis tinctoria was in autumn.