• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.322-327
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• 2007

This study was conducted to analysis the chemical properties of Peunggang river and investigate the effect of irrigation sources on the growth of tomato and cucumber. The salt concentration in Peunggang river was high by $3.22{\sim}3.62dS{\cdot}m^{-1}s$ from March to May and lower gradually from April to February of next year, which was also lower in upper stream than in middle or low stream of Peunggang river. The growth such as plant height, fresh weight and dry weight in tomato and cucumber was better in drain water and tap water irrigation than in PR water (Peunggang river) irrigation. Mean fruit weight was highest in the tap water, and that of cucumber was no significance in the treatments. The number of setting fruit was lower in the PR water than in the treatments, and which was no significance between rain water and tap water. The yield of tomato and cucumber was found to be highest by 10,594 and 11,826 kg/10a in tap water, respectively and also lowest in the PR water among the three treatments. The fruit quality, soluble solids of tomato shows a tendency to increase in the PR water as compared with the other treatment, and the rate of blossom-end rote was higher by 13.6% in the PR water. T-N and P content of tomato and cucumber were no significance in the treatments. Ca content was lowest, but Na content highest in the PR water. It was thought that a rain water and tap water as alternative irrigation source of a PR water were proper.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.115-124
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) sources on the antioxidant defense system in the blood and liver of laying hens. Thirty-six 40-wk old Lohmann Brown hens were randomly assigned to three groups based on body weight, with four cages with three layers each. Laying hens were divided into one of the following groups: control (CON), powdered CoQ10 (PCoQ, 100 mg/kg diet), and emulsified CoQ10 (ECoQ, 100 mg/kg diet). All hens were fed a control diet or a control diet supplemented with powdered or emulsified CoQ10 ad libitum for five weeks. There were no differences in body weight, weight gain, and organ weights among the treatment groups, including the liver and spleen. The blood total antioxidant power (TAP) in the ECoQ group increased (P<0.05) by approximately 2-fold compared to that in the CON group. However, there was no significant difference in blood TAP levels between the PCoQ and ECoQ groups, although a decreasing trend (P<0.13) was observed for levels of TAP in the ECoQ group. The mRNA expression and specific activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase in the liver were not affected by dietary CoQ10 or type of CoQ10. However, hepatic lipid peroxidation in the ECoQ group was lower (P<0.05) than in the CON group. In conclusion, emulsified CoQ10 increased blood TAP and decreased hepatic lipid peroxidation without affecting antioxidant enzymes, suggesting that emulsified CoQ10 might be more applicable as an active antioxidant supplement than powdered type in laying hens.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.266-270
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• 2000

Using the filtrate of loess suspension, we cultivated soybean sprouts and investigated its effect on growth and quality in soybean sprouts. In comparison with soybean sprouts cultivated by tap water, the soybean sprouts cultivated by the filtrate of loess suspension at $20^{\circ}C$ showed increases in its weight by 11.4% and length by 14.9%. When cultivated at $25^{\circ}C$, the soybean sprouts by filtrate of loess suspension also showed increases in its weight by 9.9% and length by 11.0%. We compared inorganic element contents and pH level between the filtrate of loess suspension and tap water. Contents of Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Mn, and Cu did not show any difference, while only P was higher in the tap water. pH value did not show much difference either. Consequently, it seemed that inorganic element contents and pH in the filtrate of loess suspension did not give any effect on the growth of the soybean sprouts. And also there was no any significant difference in inorganic element and amino acid contents in two kinds of soybean sprouts. However in a sensory test, the color and overall acceptability of the soybean sprouts cultivated by the filtrate of loess suspension showed better than the soybean sprouts cultivated by the tap water.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.247-250
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of changes of ionic strength according to growth stage on growth and flowering of Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura 'Seiun' grown hydroponically in perlite. The stage I, II, and III covered early vegetative growth (27-40 days after planting), latter vegetative growth (41-54 days), and reproductive growth (55-80 days), respectively. The 2 strength (1S and 2S) of nutrient solution were treated in stage I, whereas 3 strengths (1S, 1-2S, and 2S) were treated in stage II. Then, total 9 treatments in stage III were designated by 3 treatments (tap water, 1S, and 2S) for each 3 strengths in stage II. Each nutrient solution was applied 8 times per day. At vegetative growth stage (54 days after planting), stem length was highest when irrigated 8 times a day with 1S nutrient solution. Both photosynthesis and transpiration rate were higher in 1S than those in other treatments (1-2S, 2S), whereas leaf chlorophyll content was highest in 2S treatment. Ion content of plant treated with 2S was higher than other treatments. Growth (plant height, leaf area, stem length), fresh weight, and dry weight of each plant organ after flower bud formation were better in tap water treatment (1-1-0) than other 1S treatments (1-1-1, 1-1-2). Regarding the number of days to flowering, tap water treatment was the most effective. Thus, after flower bud formation supplying tap water or lower concentration of nutrient solution than those used during the vegetative growth stage was economical in saving chemical fertilizers, shortening the number of days to flowering, reducing salt accumulation in media, saving efforts of leaching, and reducing ground water contamination.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.102-107
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• 2007

The steel impeller placed in a water pump has been studied with the aim to understand corrosion phenomena on the surface responsible for reducing the pumping efficiency of water inside cooling system. This preliminary experiment includes a period (around 1 month) observation with a powered microscope and weight measurements. The experiments are carried out at different conditions of water and mixtures of water and coolants, based on the water contents of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% water (pure tap water). From the visual results of microscopy, most of the steel surface is fitted and clear rusty or corrosion phenomena are noticeable as time goes. In addition, the weight loss of the sample specimen submerged in the water is linearly increased, whereas those in the mixtures of water initially gain weight and become almost constant.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.46-52
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• 2009

The steel impeller placed in a water pump has been studied with the aim to understand corrosion phenomena on the surface responsible for reducing the pumping efficiency of water inside cooling system. This preliminary experiment includes a period (over 5 months) observation with a powered microscope and weight measurements. The experiments are carried out at different conditions of water and mixtures of water and coolants, based on the water contents of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% water (pure tap water). From the visual results of microscopy, most of the steel surface is fitted and clear rusty or corrosion phenomena are noticeable as time goes. In addition, the weight loss of the sample specimen submerged in the water is linearly increased, whereas those in the mixtures of water initially be constant and then gain weight linearly.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1999.10c
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• pp.280-282
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• 1999

적응 횡단선 심볼간의 채널에 발생하는 상호 심볼간 간섭을 억압하기 위해 LMS 알고리즘을 사용한다. 이 알고리즘은 원하는 응답과 실제 출력간의 차인 에러를 이용하여 탭 가중치 조절 메카니즘을 통해 탭 가중치를 갱신함으로서 효과적으로 간섭을 제거하였다. 본 논문은 상호 심볼간 간섭을 효율적으로 억압해온 기존의 LMS알고리즘에 다계층 퍼셉트론 신경망을 조합 한 새로운 LMSBP 알고리즘을 제안하였으며, 제안된 알고리즘을 토해 탭 가중치 갱신이 보다 효율적으로 이루어짐을 알 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통해 제안된 알고리즘의 평균 자승 에러의 수렴 특성이 LMS 알고리즘을 이용한 수렴특성보다 우월하다는 것을 나타내었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 1983.10a
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• pp.85-87
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• 1983

In this paper, a improved whitening filter for narrowband interference rejetion in PN spread spectrum communication systems is proposed. This whitening filter has the feedback from the output to the input of adaptive transversal filter and is superior to conventional LMS whitening filter in respect to SNR and power spectrum since the calculation of tap weight is based on maximum likelihood estimation

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.292-299
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• 2017

Purpose: The present study explored cookie making performance using Jeju magma seawater to elucidate the effects of minerals in water on quality of baked goods. Methods: Seven water samples were analyzed for their mineral content, pH and water hardness. Starch pasting properties of flour in water samples was analyzed using RVA, and cookie making performance using water samples was evaluated with the AACCI wire-cut cookie baking method. Quality of cookies was measured by weight loss during baking, cookie geometry, color, and firmness. Results: Hardness of water samples ranged from 0-4200, and mineral content was in the order of magma seawater > 100% ED mineral water > 50% ED mineral water > 10% ED mineral water > tap water > Samdasoo > distilled water. RVA results showed that water hardness exhibited significant relationships with pasting temperature (p<0.05, R=0.863), peak viscosity (p<0.001, R=0.944), final viscosity (p<0.05, R=0.861), and setback (p<0.05, R=0.782). Cookie baking results showed that cookie diameter increased in the order of magma seawater < 100% ED mineral water < 50% ED mineral water < 10% ED mineral water $\approx$ tap water < Samdasoo < distilled water. Conclusion: As mineral content in water increased, flour pasting temperature and viscosity increased, whereas cookie diameter decreased with color fading. However, cookies formulated with 50% ED mineral water showed similar cookie geometry and texture to those with tap water. Therefore, controlling the mineral content of water can be successfully applied to produce mineral-enriched cookies.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.193-201
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• 1999

The object of study were the development of membrane process and the optimization of operation condition for membrane system, which was used the pre-treatment system of tap water treatment in steady of conventional process such as coagulation, sedimentation. The higher steady flux is very important factor, by a suitable pre-treatment and optimization of operating condition such as fouling control, crossflow and backwashing method, in membrane system. So, we were observed the effect of flux decline for membrane used by 4 type ultrafiltration(UF) membrane pre-treatment process, and optimized the operation condition of filtration system under various MWCO(Molecular weight cut-off), operation pressure, linear velocity and temperature to maintain higher flux. From these experiment, we were identified that UF process showed a slower flux decline rate and a higher flux recovery than microfiltration(MF) membrane. The water quality of UF permeate was better than that of MF, and was not effected pre-treatment process. In the operation condition, the rate of flux decline was diminished by a higher linear velocity and operation temperature, lower pressure.