• 적정기술학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 2019

In 2017, aiming at developing, educating, and commercializing innovative appropriate technologies that are suitable for Tanzanian environment, the Ministry of Science and ICT in Korea established an innovative technology and energy center in a Tanzanian university. Using the qualitative methodologies such as an ethnography of a research project, document analyses of memoranda of understandings, journal articles, reports, announcements, and newspaper articles, participant observation of formal and informal meetings, and semi-structured interviews with participants engaging in an appropriate technology center, this study examines how triple helix model in S&T innovation has been applied to the development of the Korea-Tanzania appropriate technology center. Despite growing importance in national S&T policies, only few studies have discussed office development aid (ODA) in association with innovation. The analysis of the appropriate technology center with the framework of the triple-helix model shows the close tie between official development aid (ODA) and the cross national innovation promoted in Korea. This study also contributes to understanding embedded organizational structure, conflicts, and barriers of an ODA project in Korea.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제53권5호
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• pp.515-524
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• 2015

The objectives of this study was to conduct a survey on schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections in order to come up with feasible control strategies in Lake Victoria basin, Tanzania. Depending on the size of the school, 150-200 schoolchildren were recruited for the study. Duplicate Kato-Katz stool smears were prepared from each child and microscopically examined for Schistosoma mansoni and STHs. Urine specimens were examined for Schistosoma haematobium eggs using the filtration technique. After the survey, mass drug administration was done using praziquantel and albendazole for schistosomiasis and STHs infections, respectively. A total of 5,952 schoolchildren from 36 schools were recruited for the study and had their stool and urine specimens examined. Out of 5,952 schoolchildren, 898 (15.1%) were positive for S. mansoni, 754 (12.6%) for hookworms, 188 (3.2%) for Ascaris lumblicoides, and 5 (0.008%) for Trichuris trichiura. Out of 5,826 schoolchildren who provided urine samples, 519 (8.9%) were positive for S. haematobium eggs. The results revealed that intestinal schistosomiasis, urogenital schistosomiasis, and STH infections are highly prevalent throughought the lake basin. The high prevalence of intestinal and urogenital schistosomisiasis in the study area was a function of the distance from Lake Victoria, the former being more prevalent at localities close to the lake, whilst the latter is more so away from it. Control of schistosomiasis and STHs in the study area requires an integrated strategy that involves provision of health education to communities, regular treatments, and provision of adequate safe water supply and sanitation facilities.

• 적정기술학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.151-162
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• 2020

2020년 코로나로 인해 테크놀러지를 사용하는 교육(온라인교육 포함)이 그 가치를 확실히 인정받았다. 교사 위주였던 예전 교습 방법이 완전히 바뀌어졌다. 주어진 교과 과정을 온라인으로 예습하고 클라스에서는 토론을 하는 "flipped 학습"이 자리를 잡아가고있다. 아프리카에서는 온라인 클라스는 현지인들에게는 상상이 되지 않는 옵션이다. 하지만 이제 기술을 통한 교육 가치가 인정받기 시작했다. 먼 학교를 가야하는 학생들을 위해 작은 분교/정보 센타가 많이 세워져야한다. 한꺼번에 모이지 못하고, 정해진 소수의 팀이 와서 거리를 두고 컴퓨터를 통해 학습을 하고, 그후에 다음 팀이 와서 학습한다. 몇대의 컴퓨터를 공유하면서 교사가 없는 상황에서도 각자 인트라넷 전자 도서관을 통해서 학습을 한다. 학생들은 생전 처음 경험하는 힉습방법이지만, 오히려 자유롭게 스스로 주도하여 배우는 것을 경험한다. 학생들뿐 아니라, 교사 훈련도 되며 커뮤니티의 정보 센타가 되어 공동체가 힘을 얻을 것이다. 이렇게 훈련된 교사, 스텝들이 곳곳에 정보센터를 세워 훈련을 확장해 나갈 수 있다. 기술과 문제 파악, 현지 적용의 몇가지 STEM 프로젝트를 통하여 스스로 배울 수 있다는 깨달음으로 학생들은 배움에 대한 기쁨을 얻는다. 지난 2-3년간수행된 3천여명에 대한 STEM/IT교육의 결과가 이를 증명하고 있다. 스스로 배움을 터득해 나가고, 먼저 배운 학생들이 인턴이 되어 다른 학생들을 가르치는 실제적인 새로운 인재상을 통하여 임파워링의 플랫폼과 연속 채널을 구축하는데는 "IT" 가 최적이다. 그동안 탄자니아의 10개 도시에서 진행된 STEM교육의 결과와 앞으로 진행될 유니세프 프로젝트와 코이카 프로젝트를 통하여 Scale-up에 대한 내용도 본 발표에서 소개된다.

• 건축사
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• 9호통권461호
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• pp.96-98
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• 2007

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2015년도 추계학술논문요약집
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• pp.537-538
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• 2015

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2022

Modern technology drives the world, increasing performance while reducing labor and time expenses. Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission (TAEC) tracks employee's levels of exposure to radiation sources using dosimeters. According to legal compliance, workers wear dosimeters for three months and one month at the workplace. However, TAEC has problems in tracking, issuing and returning dosimeters because the existing tracking is done manually. The study intended to develop a Personal Dose Management System (PDMS) that processes and manages the data collected by dosimeters for easy and accurate records. During the requirements elicitation process, the study looked at the existing system. PDMS' requirement gathering included document reviews, user interviews, and focused group discussions. Development and testing of the system were implemented by applying the evolutionary prototyping technique. The system provides a login interface for system administrators, radiation officers, and Occupational Exposed Workers. The PDMS grants TAEC Staff access to monitor individual exposed workers, prints individual and institutional reports and manages workers' information. The system reminds the users when to return dosimeters to TAEC, generate reports, and facilitates dispatching and receiving dosimeters effectively. PDMS increases efficiency and effectiveness while minimizing workload, paperwork, and inaccurate records. Therefore, based on the results obtained from the system, it is recommended to use the system to improve dosimeter data management at the institution.

• 적정기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.26-32
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• 2021

콜드체인의 마지막 단계인 백신전달 과정에서 대부분 얼음을 넣은 단열컨테이너로 온도를 조절하며, 백신의 온도 조절이 적절하지 않아 낭비되는 백신의 양이 상당하다. 예방접종을 관리하고 운영하는데 온도 데이터가 중요하며, 본 연구에서는 실시간 백신전달 모니터링 시스템을 개발하였다. 휴대용 백신 냉장고의 온도, 위치 및 전력 소비 데이터를 수집하기 위해 문자(Short Message Service) 통신 방법을 사용하였고, 한국과 탄자니아(아루샤 및 킬리만자로 지역)에서 시스템을 테스트하였다. 개발된 백신 냉장고는 문자통신을 통해 데이터 손실없이 실시간으로 백신상태를 모니터링을 할 수 있었다. 백신의 상태 및 데이터는 클라우드 서버를 통해 웹 기반 유저 인터페이스에서 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.60-76
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• 2024

Broadband Internet has proven to be vital for economic growth in developed countries. Developing countries have implemented several initiatives to increase their broadband access. However, its full potential can only be realized through adoption and use. With lower-middle-income countries accounting for the majority of the world's unconnected population, this study employs the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to investigate users' intentions to adopt broadband. Rural Tanzania was chosen as a case study. A cross-sectional study was conducted over three weeks, using 155 people from seven villages with the lowest broadband adoption rates. Non-probability voluntary response sampling was used to recruit the participants. Using the TPB constructs: attitude toward behavior (ATB), subjective norms (SN), and perceived behavioral control (PBC), ordinal regression analysis was employed to predict intention. Descriptive statistical analysis yielded mean scores (standard deviation) as 3.59 (0.46) for ATB, 3.34 (0.40) for SN, 3.75 (0.29) for PBC, and 4.12 (0.66) for intention. The model adequately described the data based on a comparison of the model with predictors and the null model, which revealed a substantial improvement in fit (p<0.05). Moreover, the predictors accounted for 50.3% of the variation in the intention to use broadband Internet, demonstrating the predictive power of the TPB constructs. Furthermore, the TPB constructs were all significant positive predictors of intention: ATB (β=1.938, p<0.05), SN (β=2.144, p<0.05), and PBC (β=1.437, p=0.013). The findings of this study provide insight into how behavioral factors influence the likelihood of individuals adopting broadband Internet and could guide interventions through policies meant to promote broadband adoption.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2020

Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) collected from carnivorous mammals in Tanzania were identified by the DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), and by morphological characteristics. A total of 15 adult worms were collected from stool samples and carcasses of Panthera leo, Panthera pardus, and Crocuta crocuta in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania. Three Spirometra species: S. theileri, S. ranarum and S. erinaceieuropaei were identified based on morphological features. Partial cox1 sequences (400 bp) of 10 specimens were revealed. Eight specimens showed 99.5% similarity with Spirometra theileri (MK955901), 1 specimen showed 99.5% similarity with the Korean S. erinaceieuropaei and 1 specimen had 99.5% similarity with Myanmar S. ranarum. Sequence homology estimates for the ITS1 region of S. theileri were 89.8% with S. erinaceieuropaei, 82.5% with S. decipiens, and 78.3% with S. ranarum; and 94.4% homology was observed between S. decipiens and S. ranarum. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with 4 species of Spirometra and 2 species of Dibothriocephalus (=Diphyllobothrium). By both ML and BI methods, cox1 and ITS1 gave well supported, congruent trees topology of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. theileri with S. decipiens and S. ranarum forming a clade. The Dibothriocephalus species were sisters of each other and collectively forming successive outgroups. Our findings confirmed that 3 Spirometra species (S. theileri, S. ranarum, and S. erinaceieuropaei) are distributed in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.395-420
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 탄자니아의 스와힐리 정체성이 국가정체성과 동일시되는 포용적 성격을 지니고 있다는 관점에서 출발한다. 탄자니아에서 국가정체성은 하위민족정체성에 우선한다. 따라서 탄자니아 내부의 다양한 하위민족정체성은 '탄자니아인' 또는 '스와힐리인'과 동일시된다. 이는 탄자니아 국민이 아닌 외부 이주민의 경우에도 해당된다. 본 논문에서는 이처럼 탄자니아에 이주 정착한 비 스와힐리 인이 문화 모방과 사회적 담론을 통해 스와힐리 정체재생산하는 과정을 살펴보는데 목적을 둔다. 이를 통해 본 논문에서는 스와힐리 사회가 역사적으로 단일정체성 형성을 허락하지 않았다는 관점에서 그 동안 학계의 중론이었던 스와힐리 단일기원설을 비판한다. 이와 함께 스와힐리 사회는 끊임없는 민족이동과 문화교류를 통해 점진적으로 형성되어 온 복합사회이며 다층적 담론을 통해 스와힐리 정체성이 형성되어 왔다는 점을 살펴본다.