• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.125-153
• /
• 2006

This study was intended to describe women's weight controlling by creating a hypothetic model on the weight adjustment behavior and by examining a cause and effect relationship, and to contribute to countermeasures for practicing their promotion of health and improving the quality of life through creating a predictable model. The subject of study was women who utilize the beauty shop located in Seoul, Busan and Daegu and the study period was 12 weeks from July 10 to September 30 in 2004. Gathered 1093 person's general specialty related with weight adjustment and analyzed covariance to prove the hypothesis using statistics compiled from authentic sources. Also proved coincidence of the hypothetical model. Exogenous variables of the hypothetical model are composed of recognition of her body shape, fatness level, age, stress, and self-respect. Endogenous variables are health- control mind, recognized health state, self-efficacy, intention, and behavior of weight adjustment. There were 5 measured variables for exogenous variable(x). There were 8 measured variable(y) for exogenous variable. And coincidence $x^2=297.38$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=7.08$, GFI=0.962, AGFI=0.917, NFI=0.875, TLI=0.794, CFI=0.889, RMSEA=0.075. The result of hypothesis had an epoch-making record that 20 out of 27 hypothesis was proved positive way. Generally weight adjustment has been highly seen in housewives, the married and the old age. Health control mind seems to be high as fatness level, age, and self-respect are high and low stress. Recognized health state is high as age and self-respect are high and low stress. However, it is not much related with recognition of her body shape and fatness level. If age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy are high intention of behavior is also high, but intention of behavior has no relation with recognition of her body shape, fatness level and stress. If fatness level, age, self-respect, health control mind, recognized health state and self-efficacy and intention of behavior are high, execution of weight adjustment will be high. However, recognized health state and stress has no influence for weight adjustment. To increase the coincidence of hypothesis and take a simple model I modified a model and then I got the coincidence $x^2=215.62$, standard $x^2(x^2/df)=6.34$, GFI=0.970, AGFI=0.931, NFI=0.902, TLI=0.901, CFI=0.915, RMSEA=0.070. This result is a bit better than original hypothetical model's so that this model might be more suitable. In this modification model, the factors of weight adjustment seems to be high according to this order self-efficacy, recognized health state, age, intention, health control mind, self-respect, fatness level and stress. With this result I suggest ; 1. Enforcement of IR that everybody can be controlled weight adjustment herself and continuous education, which is related with regular habit (food, exercise, restriction of a favorite food and behavior training etc.) is also needed. 2. Because self-efficacy is influenced to execution of weight adjustment specific program which can increase self-efficacy should have to develop and we need to utilize it to take care of herself. 3. To protect fatness and be active weight adjustment the peculiar program including the concept of self-respect, recognized health state, health control mind and intention must be developed and not only women but also all of people should be educated. 4. This hypothetical model is forecasting women's weight adjustment behavior and can be utilized for fundamental data to increase those people's health.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.124-141
• /
• 2011

The domestic food culture in Korea has gone through great changes, among which dining out is considered most prominent. These changes are caused by a number of factors: development of several related industries, increase in dining out chances, diversification of consumer needs, change in consumption awareness and quality, increase in disposable income, women's advance into the society, etc. Under these circumstances, the fast food industry has been experiencing slow growth, whereas family restaurants and take out coffee franchises are consistently increasing the number of restaurants and shops as a part of aggressive management to increase sales. This study aims, first, to examine the effects of consumer's brand individuality and satisfaction on brand trust, brand emotion, brand identification, and brand loyalty of specialty coffee shops. Subsequently, this study observes how consumer's brand individuality and satisfaction affect the formation of brand trust, brand emotion, brand identification, and brand loyalty in accordance with preferred type of specialty coffee shops, frequency of experience, and life style in order to establish relevant strategies. The results of this study are as follows. First, brand individuality had a positive effect on customer satisfaction. Second, customer satisfaction had a positive effect on brand trust. Third, customer satisfaction had a positive effect on brand loyalty. Fourth, customer satisfaction had a positive effect on brand emotion. Fifth, brand trust had a positive effect on brand loyalty. Sixth, brand emotion had a positive effect on brand loyalty. These results have the following implications. First, the dimensions of brand individuality are presented as a means to form brand loyalty, thereby demonstrating the significance of the effect. Accordingly, developing a proper brand individuality in forming brand loyalty is imperative. Second, consumers using specialty coffee shops had the greatest effect on the relation between dimensions of brand individuality and customer satisfaction in this study, while the interrelation between customer satisfaction and brand loyalty was not concretely supported in the preceding studies.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.105 no.4
• /
• pp.486-495
• /
• 2016

This study was conducted to contribute to propose the improvement by looking into the use of private forest support system and then analyzing the status of support system and problems among forest owners. The study result showed that the recognition of private forest support system was 57.8% in sincere forest managers and 47.6% in forest successors, but only 17.6% in forest owner. The application experience was 79.2% in sincere forest managers, and 58.6% in forest successors, but 28.6% in forest owner which was significantly low as was shown in the recognition. Response on 'not knowing the support system' as the reason they were not able to ask for support was 36.1%, 43.0%, 78.6% in sincere forest managers, forest successors, and forest owner respectively in that order, which were the same results with the recognition. In the contrast, the effects of support for private forest management were higher in forest owner than sincere forest managers and forest successors, and overall level of satisfaction was also 28.5% in sincere forest managers and 36.8% in forest successors and 41.5% in forest owner. It turned out that forest owner who had somewhat low numbers of application had rather high satisfaction on overall management. Therefore, in order to attract active forest management from forest owner who take up most of forest owners in South Korea, the recognition on private forest support system is needed to improve and the local government and the Forestry Association should come up with active plans for public relations and support.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.48-56
• /
• 1994

In order to study the factors influencing upon right medication of antibiotic for the consumers who can easily buy antibiotic from pharmacy, the study carried out questionnaires to 568 consumers who bought antibiotics from pharmacies located in Seoul And Kyung-gi do from the 1st of February, 1994 to the 28th of the same month. Materials have been analyzed with $X^-test$ of SAS, and its results are as follows. 1. Among 568 objects of this study, the group which can medicare antibiotic properly (the right use group of antibiotic) is 45.5% with 258, while the group which does not recognize correctly the use of antibiotic or does not have any information about it (the abuse group of antibiotic) is 54.6% with 310. 2. Knowledge for advantage of antibiotic the right use group has is high in comparing with that of the abuse group (p<0.001), and also in case of pregnancy, understanding for an adverse reaction of antibiotic is high (p<0.001). The right use group has had many chances to take health education (p<0.001), and the way to buy antibiotic is very safe (p<0.001). But there is no outstanding difference for recognition of an adverse reaction of antibiotic between two groups. 3. In comparing with the abuse group, the right use group keeps well taking time of antibiotics as directions (p<0.001), and keeping rate of antibiotic dosage is high (p<0.001). Also the experiences of an adverse reaction of antibiotic is low (p<0.001). 4. In comparing with the abuse group, the right use group has high educational backgrounds (p<0.001) and many experiences of the education for health promotion (p<0.001), while there is no difference in age, sex, and economic status. 5. In comparing with the abuse group, the right use group has taken antibiotic many times (p<0.001), and there are many antibiotic takers of his/her family (p<0.01). 6. In comparing with the abuse group, the right use group has made much effort not only to check blood pressure and the pulse (p<0.05) but also for food habits (p<0.05). But there is no outstanding difference in the effort to get health information and the effort for regular exercises between these two group. 7. In comparing with the abuse group, the right use group has made an exertion in buying foodstuffs (p<0.001). But there is no big difference in efforts to keep the good attitude for physical health and mental heath, and sleeping hours between these two group.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.63-71
• /
• 1968

Salted and dried yellow corvenia(Pseudosciaena manchurica), so called 'Gul-bi', is one of nation-widely consuming fish foo::ls. It is suitable for a long term preservation and its pro-duce is also a great deal on sea food processing in this country. The texture of 'Gul-bi', however, have often appeared to be a delicate factor for the quality of the product. The loss or dislocation of fat in the tissue of the fish resulted by salting and drying is believed to profoundly relate to the texture of product. In this paper, the tissue of yellow corvenia and movement of fat were microscopically observed before salting, immediately after salting, and after drying and the results observed in the tissues dry salted, brine salted, and brine salted with the addition of BHA were compared. The cross section of yellow corvenia muscle showed that a distinctive border by connective tissue between white and red muscle could not be seen in general, and red muscle was surrounded by hypodermic fatty tissues. In the tissue of fresh yellow corvenia, the fat was mainly distributed in hypodermic fat layer which located under the corium while rarely distributed in white muscle. It was found that some parts of the fat in the tissue were permeated into intermuscular tissue passing through the connective tissues during salting. The result Was the same in both dry-salting and brine-salting tissue. However, the fat translocated into intermuscular tissues disappeared during drying process in the salted without BHA tissues whereas in BHA added tissue. This result suggested that BHA may take a role of multiple effect in translocation of fat in tissues as well as in retarding oxidation. In an advanced stage of salted and dehydration, the muscle fibers were ajoined together and then limits between muscle fibers already became indistinguishable. And the migrated fat into intermuscular tissue aggregated around the connective tissue and are apt to gradually to flow out from the muscular system through these tissues.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.144-156
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to improve the quality of school meal and the satisfaction of students through dietitians' awareness and perception of environment-friendly agricultural products by providing the government, etc. with basic data on them. A survey was conducted on dietitians in the capital area to analyze the level of awareness about environment-friendly agricultural products, followed by a factor analysis, a correlation analysis and a multiple regression analysis. The results were as follows: Dietitians had a high level of knowledge about environment-friendly agricultural products, and there were significant differences with respect to age, work experience, the number of people provided with meals and the cost ratio of foods to agricultural products. The perception of environment-friendly agricultural products was found to have a significant influence upon the level of awareness about the certification system for good environment-friendly agricultural products. In conclusion, there is the need to make the dietitians who take charge of school meal have a higher level of perception about environment-friendly agricultural products, to improve the quality of school meal and the satisfaction of students remarkably and, by extension, to change school parents' perception about the use of environment-friendly agricultural products, which requires a further study to be carried out.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.185-193
• /
• 2012

This study conducted surveys of 88 eldery people over 100 years in Gyeongnam on April to June, 2011 during 90 days. It was intended to find the factors of longevity, Activity Daily of Living (ADL), and Instrumental Activity Daily of Living (IADL). Major results of this study were as follows: The factors of longevity are getting enough sleep over than seven hours(95.5%), taking in less salty food (69.8%), optimism without even thinking about suicide (86.9%), nonsmoking habit (92%), and moderation in drink (86.4%). The most difficult part of Activity Daily of Living (ADL) is taking a bath, and that of Instrumental Activity Daily of Living (IADL) is taking a bus or subway alone. All items of ADL and IADL, female was higher than the male, but not statistically significant(p<0.05). Therefore, further study is expected to develop the supplementary policy to support the elderly people with declining to carry out physical activities. It is also expected to develop the public welfare programs and policies for the aged, allowing them to take responsibility and to participate as a member of the society.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.391-401
• /
• 2011

1. Objectives: Though the eating habits have improved and the living method has become convenient according to the economic growth thanks to the modern industrialization, because of the lack of exercise, obesity, wrong eating habits and stress etc, various symptoms of disease of adults are on the rise. This is the phenomenon that happens as the eating life has become life in the West along with the inundation of the western culture in our society. In this perspective, there has been many various clinical research that's been proceeded so far about the physical constitution and obesity, but there has been little research on the objective analysis of the clinical research about the alimentotherapy using taeeumjoweetang. 2. Methods: In this research we have checked the weights, fat rates, fat weight, abdominal fat rate, blood pressure, and BMI over the objects of the women that were diagnosed as lunisolar system as their physical constitution, and assessed the paramecium lipid, in-blood antioxidation enzyme and the damage of oxidization in the urine by physical constitution-specific of the body shapes that were determined by BMI. The statistical analysis of the current research was processed by using of SPSS 17.0 program. We have figure out statistical amounts such as the arithmetic average, average deviation rate and percentage number. Fro the verification of he significancy of each elements, we have used the paired t-test, ANOVA, Chi-square test at the level of p<0.05. 3. Results and Conclusions: Their characteristics are age $21.20{\pm}1.35$, height $160.30{\pm}6.11cm$, weight $64.66{\pm}8.72kg$, fat rates are $35.97{\pm}4.87%$, fat amount $23.40{\pm}5.48$, abdominal fat rate $0.823{\pm}0.03$, BMI $25.12{\pm}2.79kg/m^2$, and systolic blood pressure $111.60{\pm}10.28mmHg$ and diastolic blood pressure $68.60{\pm}7.43mmHg$ and we have let them take the medicine twice a day for 8 weeks. The clinical result for the Cholesterol, Triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, SGOT, SGPT, of the object people was that for the function of the liver, the result of the SGOT and SGPT test was $17.16{\pm}3.05$, $15.00{\pm}2.99IU/L$, which was a decrease, and had statistical meaning, but for the SGOT, though the figure reduced to $11.92{\pm}4.61$, $10.80{\pm}3.07$, it had no statistical meaning. For the whole cholesterol level, the figure reduced to $169.00{\pm}19.95$, $160.08{\pm}22.52$ mg/dL and had statistical significance(p<0.05). Neuter fat number, Triglyceride has slightly increased to $67.52{\pm}36.32$, $68.08{\pm}47.33$ mg/dL but did not have any statistical meaning. The antioxdant enzyme marker standard marker, SOD has increased to $2.52{\pm}0.73$, $2.86{\pm}0.60U/ml$, and had statistical significance(p<0.01). Catalase also increased by $0.63{\pm}0.18$, $1.07{\pm}0.25mmol/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). GPx also increased to $204.76{\pm}32.64$ nmol/ml and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). But, for the Total antioxidant, though it has raised to $1.51{\pm}0.26$, $1.57{\pm}0.17nmol/{\mu}l$, it did not have any statistical meaning. MDA of oxidative stress marker has decreased to $1.70{\pm}0.68{\mu}g/ml$, $1.21{\pm}0.50{\mu}g/m$ and had statistical significance(p<0.01). 8-OHdG also decreased $3.35{\pm}0.95ng/ml$, $2.21{\pm}0.50ng/ml$ and had statistical meaning(p<0.01). In this research, we have analyzed the various markers relating to BFM and changes in oxidative enzyme in blood by takingtaeeumjoweetang. Taeeumjoweetang has the positive effect on inbody antioxidant system and reducing the content of cholesterol, which is proven to help losing weight and improving hyperlipidemia statistically. With this research, we hope to improve the lifestyle of those who are either obese or need to manage their dietary habits, and also to become the touchstone of integrating Oriental Medicine with the science of food & nutrition.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.42 no.2
• /
• pp.135-145
• /
• 2009

This study was performed to investigate added sugar intakes from processed food-snacks and participation behaviors of special event days sharing sweet foods among adolescents in Korea. Questionnaire survey (n = 959), dietary survey (n = 71) by food record method for 3 days, and snack survey (n = 230) for 3 days were carried out, and subjects were overlapped among three surveys. As a result, middle school students (MS) preferred milks and fermented milks while high school students (HS) preferred breads and fast foods as a snack (p < 0.01). MS and HS took snacks three to six times a week, and HS took snacks more frequently than MS (p < 0.05). Most subjects participated in special event days sharing sweet foods such as friend's birthday (68.4%), Peppro's day (61.5%) and Valentine's day (42.6%). As for merits of these events, MS said ‘they could get along with their friends' and ‘relieve stress', while HS said ‘they could enjoy their own events' and ‘confess their affection to whom they like' (p < 0.01). A group of cookies, biscuits, breads and, cakes was major source of added sugars followed by beverages, sweet jellies of red bean, chocolates and candies for subjects. For MS and HS, daily total added sugar intakes from whole processed food-snacks were $30.5{\pm}23.5g/d$ (3.0-137.9 g/d) and $31.7{\pm}23.2g/d$ (1.2-126.1 g/d), and ratios of daily total energy taken from added sugars of whole processed food-snacks in proportion to daily total energy taken from diet (energy percent of added sugars from snacks) were $6.3{\pm}4.7%$ (0.6-26.1%) and $6.3{\pm}4.4%$ (0.3-23.9%), respectively. These results showed that subjects frequently participated in special event days sharing sweet foods. In addition, energy percent of added sugars from snacks was more than the UL suggested by WHO/FAO for some subjects. Therefore, it is highly critical to monitor adolescents' sugar intakes on a long-term basis and to take nutritional management on their high sugar intakes.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.28 no.1 s.49
• /
• pp.59-72
• /
• 1995

This study was carried out to analyze the food intake and associated factors of the urban poor elderly by comparing poor district, Unbong rental apartment in Bansong 2 dong with other areas in Pusan. 135 elderlies(men 36, women 99) in Unbong rental apartment, 136 elderlies(men 45, women 91) in the other areas were investigated during the period of March to August in 1994. The assumption that the study area represented poor district was satisfied because the age and sex distribution was not significantly different, and the income of the study area was significantly lower than that of the control area. The variables of hospitalized in previous 12 month, gastrointestinal problem, alcohol drinking, cigarette smoking did not differ significantly. But the variables of chronic disease, take medicine, perceived health, vitamin supplement differed significantly between two groups. Therefore some factors associated with health state in the study area are worse than those of the control area. At most of all variables, nutrients intake of the study area did not reach the recommended dietary allowances(RDA) for Koreans, and that nutrient intakes of the study area were significantly lower than those of the control area. The hypothesis of this study that nutrient status depends on economical status was proved. As for the score of nutritional knowledge, the study area was significantly lower than the control area. But as for the score of nutritional behavior, two areas were not significantly different. The latter is counter result of our hypothesis, owing to the effect of the confounding factors including education etc. As for the correlation of variables, not only economic status and educational level, but the score of nutritional knowledge effects strongly on nutrient status in the study area, the poor district. Therefore, adequate nutritional education to the elderly in e poor district should be considered.