• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.371-382
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the test-retest reliability and to suggest methods to enhance reliability. Methods: Participants consisted of 145 patients with generalized anxiety disorder who were diagnosed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders. Participants were tested twice within one week. Results: The test-retest reliability of the Instrument of Pattern Identification for Jing Ji and Zheng Chong was examined in 145 patients and it was calculated as 0.3919. Internal Reliability of each part was calculated as 0.320~0.502. Reliability and concordance rate of symptoms are presented in the table. Frequency of symptoms and correlation between weight and frequency are also presented in the table. Conclusions: Based on these results, we have modified the Instrument of Pattern Identification for Jing Ji and Zheng Chong.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.3-19
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• 1999

The Revised Classroom Play(RCP) scale was validated for Korean 4th grade students. 104 boys and 80 girls took the translated RCP. Test-retest reliability was established with 41 children after 2 months, and test of criterion-related validation was established by the Social Behavior Scale administered to 71 children. All raw scores were standardized by classroom and sex to adjust for differences in the number of nominators and nominatees. The structure of the RCP resulted in 3 factors, 'sociability-disruptive' and 'shy-isolated', with 28 items similar to the original RCP 3 factors. For criterion-related validity, the correlations between the 3 factors of the RCP and the 3 factors of the Social Behavior Scale were positive. For internal consistencies, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ of the RCP factors ranged from .77 to .94. Test-retest reliability coefficients ranged from .33 to .51. Analyses of variance revealed good item discrepancies for all 28 items. These results confirm the RCP as a valid and reliable measure of the quality of peer relations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.573-582
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to establish the reliability and validity of the Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index (WUSPI), which was translated into Korean for long-term wheelchair users. This index measured 15 functional activities, including transfer, self-care, wheelchair mobility and general activities. METHODS: To assess test-retest reliability, 23 long-term wheelchair users completed this self-administered index twice within the same day. Reliability was determined by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Cronbach's alpha was used to measure internal consistency. To examine concurrent validity, 21 long-term wheelchair users completed the questionnaire, and we examined the correlation between the index score and the shoulder range of motion measurements. RESULT: The results showed that the intraclass correlation for test-retest reliability of the total index score ranging from .88 to .99 was good to excellent. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha was .96. The internal consistency indicated excellent. Concurrent validity showed negative correlations of total index score to range of motion measurements of shoulder flexion (rho=-.58), extension (rho=-.09), abduction (rho=-.59), external rotation (rho=-.07) and internal rotation (rho=-.3), suggesting a relationship of total index score to loss of shoulder range of motion. CONCLUSION: The Korean WUSPI shows not only high reliability and internal consistency, but also concurrent validity with loss of shoulder flexion and abduction.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.1201-1216
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• 2017

In this study, we described the development of a methodology to measure tip-pinch strength on the paretic hand rehabilitation device and aimed to investigate reliability of the device. FSR sensors were embedded on the device, and tip pinch strength was estimated with data collected from the sensors using a developed equation while participants were demonstrating tip pinch. Reliability tests included inter-rater, test-retest, and inter-instrument reliability. B&L Engineering pinch gauge was utilized for the comparison. Thirty-seven healthy students participated in the experiment. Both inter-rater and test-retest reliability were excellent as Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICCs) were greater than 0.9 (p<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences in tip-pinch strengths. Inter-instrument reliability analysis confirmed good correlation between the two instruments (r = 0.88, p < 0.01). The findings of this study suggest that the two instruments are not interchangeable. However, the tip-pinch mechanism used in the paretic hand rehabilitation device is reliable that can be used to evaluate tip pinch strength in clinical environment and can provides a parameter that monitors changes in the hand functions.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.554-564
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• 2019

Purpose: This study verified the reliability and validity of the Diet Quality Index for Indian children (DQIIC). Methods: The study sample included 100 school going boys and girls (7-9 years). The dietary behavior of children was studied using a questionnaire and 24-hour dietary recall. The DQIIC comprises 21 items which aimed to assess the diet of Indian children on the basis of variety, adequacy of consumption of dietary components, and moderation in the amount of nutrients that are associated with diseases and dietary habits. The reliability of the DQIIC was assessed using the split half method, Cronbach's alpha, and test retest reliability. Content validity was evaluated using content validity ratio (CVR). Results: The intake of iron was found to be less than the recommended dietary allowances. There was frequent consumption of empty calorie packaged foods and higher than the recommended amount of sodium. Reliability of the DQIIC was 0.85 by split half method and the correlation coefficient for test retest reliability was 0.87. Cronbach's alpha was 0.62 and CVR was 0.85 for this index. Most of the children fell in the moderately healthy category. Conclusion: The DQIIC is a reliable and valid tool to assess the diet quality of Indian children between 7-9 years.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.264-273
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability and the concurrent validity between tinetti mobility test (TMT), berg balance scale (BBS) and space balance 3D which is one of the computerized measurement and visual feedback balance assessment system in subacute stroke patients. Twenty three ambulatory acute stroke subjects were measured the TMT, BBS and space balance 3D. The test-retest reliability(intra-class correlation coefficient: ICC) indicated that the static and dynamic balance in space balance 3D considered moderate reliability and TMT, BBS were good reliability. In case of concurrent validity, there were moderate validity (p<.01) between static balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. But there were only poor validity (p<.05) between center to forward-left, center to backward-left phase in dynamic balance test with space balance 3D and each TMT, BBS. These findings suggest that in subacute stroke patients the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity using the space balance 3D and TMT were valuable in balance test but there was limitation to evaluate dynamic balance test.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.189-199
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• 2024

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the test-retest reliability, minimal detectable change (MDC), and the effect of turning direction on the time and number of steps taken during the 180 ° turn test in subacute stroke patients. Additionally, it examined the concurrent validity of the 180 ° turn test. Methods : The study included 28 subacute stroke patients. The test-retest reliability of the 180 ° turn test according to the direction of rotation (paretic and non-paretic sides) by comparing the consistency between the initial assessment and a reassessment conducted 7 days later. Concurrent validity was examined by assessing the correlation of the 180 ° turn test with the Fugl-Meyer assessment of lower extremity (FMA-L/E), Berg balance scale (BBS), 10-meter walk test (10 mWT), and timed up and go test (TUG). Results : The ICC for the time taken to turn 180 ° to the affected and unaffected sides were 0.971 and 0.918, respectively, indicating excellent reliability. The ICC for the number of steps were 0.944 and 0.932, respectively. The MDC for the time taken were 0.33 seconds (affected side) and 0.67 seconds (unaffected side). The MDC for the number of steps were 0.49 (affected side) and 0.63 (unaffected side). The paired t-test showed the limited community ambulator group took significantly longer to turn to the unaffected side (p<.048). Significant correlations were found between the 180 ° turn test and FMA-L/E (r= -0.395 to -0.416), BBS (r= -0.622 to -0.684), 10 mWT (r= 0.720 to 0.730), and TUG (r= 0.684 to 0.790) (p<.05 to .01). Conclusion : The 180 ° turn test demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability and high validity when correlated with other functional measures in subacute stroke patients. MDC values indicated high reliability. Faster walking speeds (≥0.95 m/s) were unaffected by turning direction, while slower speeds (<0.58 m/s) showed significant effects. The 180 ° turn test is a simple, sensitive, and reliable tool for evaluating turning ability in subacute stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.613-624
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a scale to evaluate empowerment in woman with breast cancer and to examine the validity and reliability of the scale. Methods: The development process for the initial items included a literature review, interviews, and construction of a conceptual framework. The identified items were evaluated for content validity by experts, resulting in 3 factors and 48 preliminary items. Participants were 319 women with breast cancer recruited to test reliability and validity of the preliminary scale. Data were analyzed using item analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, criterion related validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Results: The final scale consisted of 30 items and 3 factors. Factors, including 'intrapersonal factor' (14 items), 'interactional factor' (8 items), and 'behavioral factor' (8 items), were drawn up after confirmatory factor analysis. Goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate as shown by ${\chi}^2/df=1.86$, TLI=.90, CFI=.92, SRMR=.06, and RMSEA=.05. Criterion validity was evaluated by total correlation with the Cancer Empowerment Questionnaire .78. Cronbach's alpha for total items was .93 and test-retest reliability was .69. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that the scale can be used in the development of nursing interventions to promote the empowerment of women having breast cancer.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.643-654
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and psychometrically test the Korean Geriatric Loneliness Scale (KGLS). Methods: The initial items were based on in-depth interviews with 10 older adults. Psychometric testing was then conducted with 322 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 or older. Content, construct, and criterion-related validity, classification in cutoff point, internal consistency reliability, and test-retest reliability were used for the analysis. Results: Exploratory factor analysis showed three factors, including 15 items explaining 91.6% of the total variance. The three distinct factors were loneliness associated with family relationships (34.3%), social loneliness (32.4%), and a lack of belonging (24.9%). As a result of confirmatory factor analysis, 14 items in the three-factor structure were validated. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that the KGLS' cutoff point of 32 was associated with a sensitivity of 71.0%, specificity of 80.2%, and area under the curve of .83. Reliability, as verified by the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient, was .89, and Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .90. Conclusion: As its validity and reliability have been verified through various methods, the KGLS can contribute to assessing loneliness in South Korean older adults.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.175-189
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop, validate, and assess the reliability of a questionnaire for nutritional literacy among young Korean adults. Methods: The draft questionnaire contained 65 items in 7 domains (i.e., dietary guideline, nutrition and health, nutrients, 5 food groups [food bicycle], nutrition labeling, portion size, and nutrition management for disease prevention). The authors developed a draft questionnaire based on a literature review. After multiple drafts, 52 items were retained and 13 were eliminated in the 7 domains according to professional advice from 5 nutrition experts. A panel of experts (n = 20) comprised of clinical dietitians and nutrition professors completed the content validity assessment, including quantitative and qualitative feedback. As the results, all items of the portion size were eliminated from the questionnaire. A sample of 211 young adults completed the test-retest reliability assessment. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and inter-item reliability by Cronbach α coefficient. Results: The final questionnaire contained 30 items with 5 questions each on the dietary guideline, nutrition and health, nutrients, 5 food groups (food bicycle), nutrition labeling, and nutrition management for disease prevention. The Lawshe content validity ratio for domains ranged from 0.60 to 1.00. The ICC scores for questions ranged from 0.64 to 0.86. Cronbach's α for domains ranged from 0.83 to 0.90 and for the overall questionnaire was 0.87. Conclusion: The questionnaire showed strong content validity, test-retest reliability, and high inter-item reliability, indicating that it is a useful tool for assessing nutritional literacy of young adults.