• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2017

Objective: During the physical therapy education, if we can understand the student's attitude then we can make valuable suggestions with respect to the teaching in the universities and professional employment in the country. The aim of the current study is to develop a questionnaire to test the physical therapy students' attitudes towards their education and profession and to test its test-retest reliability and content validity. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A total of 47 physical therapy students who were in their final year were randomly selected to participate in the study. After the making of the questionnaire, it was given to 6 professional experts teaching in the field of physical therapy to obtain their responses for each question with a 5-point Likert scale grading. Their answers were used in making the content validity of the questionnaire. Afterwards, the physical therapy students were asked to fill the questionnaire. Instrument reliability and test-retest reliability were also assessed by having the students complete the questionnaire after one month of taking the questionnaire. Results: The content validity index was 0.71 for the whole scale and values of individual subdivisions were ranging from 0.69 to 0.75. Instrument reliability measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.86 for the whole scale and subdivision values were ranging from 0.32 to 0.86. Test-retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficient, which was 0.71 for whole scales and subdivision values were ranging from 0.38 to 0.70. Conclusions: This questionnaire, which assesses the physical therapy student attitude towards their education and profession, has good content validity, instrument reliability, and test-retest reliability.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.407-412
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• 2023

Objectives: Work stress is associated with non-communicable diseases, increased healthcare costs, and decreased work productivity among employees in the information technology sector. There is a need for regular work-stress screening among employees using valid and reliable tools. The Tool to Assess and Classify Work Stress (TAWS-16) was developed to overcome limitations in existing stress assessment tools in India. This study aimed to test the reliability of TAWS-16 in a sample of managerial-supervisory employees. Methods: This observational reliability study included data from 62 employees. Test-retest and inter-method reliability were investigated using a TAWS-16 web application and interview by telephone, respectively. Kappa values and intra-class correlation coefficients were calculated. Internal consistency was assessed through Cronbach's alpha. Results: For both test-retest and inter-method reliability, the agreement for both work-related factors and symptoms suggestive of work stress exceeded 80%, and all kappa values were 0.40 or higher. Cronbach's alpha for test-retest and inter-method reliability was 0.983 and 0.941, respectively. Conclusions: TAWS-16 demonstrated acceptable reliability. It measured stressors, coping abilities, and psychosomatic symptoms associated with work stress. We recommend using TAWS-16 to holistically identify work stress among employees during periodical health check-ups in India.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.60-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the intra-rater test-retest reliability of tibial external rotation angle measurement using a smartphone-based photographic goniometer, DrGoniometer (DrG) compared to a three-dimensional motion analysis system (Vicon). The current study showed an interchangeable method using DrG to measure the tibial external rotation angle in standing knee flexion at $90^{\circ}$. Twelve healthy subjects participated in this study. A rest session was conducted 30 minutes later for within-day reliability and five days later for between-day intra-rater test-retest reliability. To assess the validity of the measurement using DrG, we used a three dimensional motion analysis system as a gold standard to measure the angle of tibial external rotation. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the standard error of measurement (SEM) values were used to determine the within- and between- day intra-rater test-retest reliability of using DrG and a three dimensional motion analysis system. To assess validity, Pearson correlation coefficients were used for two measurement techniques. The measurement for tibial external rotation had high intra-rater test-retest reliability of within-day (ICC=.88) and between-day (ICC=.83) reliability using DrG and of within-day (ICC=.93) and between-day (ICC=.77) reliability using a three-dimentional motion analysis system. Tibial external rotation angle measurement using DrG was highly correlated with those of the three-dimensional motion analysis system (r=.86). These results represented that the tibial external rotation angle measurement using DrG showed acceptable reliability and validity compared with the use of three-dimensional motion analysis system.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.454-463
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• 2022

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare concurrent validity and test-retest reliability based on Craniovertebral angle of 'Angles video goniometer', a smart phone application for convenient range of motion measurement, and 'Image J', an analysis software with high reliability and validity. This was conducted to find out whether 'Angle video goniometer' can be used clinically. Design: Cross-sectional study Methods: Fifty subjects were imaged laterally, and the angle of the head and spine was measured using Image J and the Angles video goniometer, respectively, in a resting posture and a chin in posture. The level of concurrent validity between the two measurement methods and the level of inter-rater reliability and intra-rater reliability were analyzed. Results: For forty participants, the concurrent validity between Image J and Angles video goniometer showed very high validity with ICC of 0.997(0.995~0.999) and 0.994(0.994~0.998), CVME% 0.71~0.72%, SEM% 0.31~0.34, MDC% 0.86~0.94. The test-retest intra-rater reliability showed very high reliability ICC 0.994(0.991~0.996), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.31~0.43, MDC% 0.86~1.19%. The test-retest inter-rater showed very high reliability ICC 0.995(0.992~0.997), CVME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.43~0.59%, MDC% 1.20~1.62% Conclusions: Angles video goniometer', a smartphone application, is a device with very high reliability and validity for craniovertebral angle measurement in healthy adults, and it is a device that can be easily used in clinical practice.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.46-54
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• 2012

Ely's test is commonly used to assess rectus femoris muscle flexibility. however, a reliability limit of this test was demonstrated by a previous study. In this study, we present an alternative method using an application for a digital horizontal level in a smartphone (DHLS) to complement the reliability limit of Ely's test. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability of Ely's test using DHLS on the pelvis, compared to using visual observation (VO) of pelvic and hip motions. Nineteen patients with lumbar extension-rotation syndrome were recruited for this study. An examiner examined the rectus femoris flexibility (both pass/fail and goniometer scoring) through Ely's test using both DHLS and VO. A retest session was completed two hours later for within-day reliability and seven days later for between-day intra-rater test-retest reliability. Results showed higher Kappa values for pass/fail scoring and higher intraclass correlation coefficient values for goniometer scoring in Ely's test using DHLS, compared to using VO. Measurement error and Bland and Altman plots further demonstrated the degree of intra-rater variance during Ely's test using DHLS in a clinical setting, compared to using VO. These results demonstrated that Ely's test using DHLS showed acceptable reliability compared to using VO. Ely's test using DHLS could be widely used for measuring the rectus femoris muscle flexibility in patients with lumbar extension-rotation syndrome, although the inter-rater reliability needs to be established first.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.177-184
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the concurrent validity and test-retest reliability of 'KPIMT Torticollis Protractor', a smart phone and I-pad application for convenient range of motion measurement, and 'Image J', an analysis software with high reliability and validity, according to head tilt and active cervical rotation angle. This was done to determine the clinical utility of 'KPIMT Torticollis Protractor'. Methods: Head tilt and active cervical spine rotation angles of 40 children with congenital muscular torticollis were measured using Image J and KPIMT Torticollis Protractor, respectively. The level of concurrent validity and inter-rater and intra-rater reliability between the two measurement methods were analyzed. Results: For forty participants, the concurrent validity between Image J and KPIMT Torticollis Protractor showed very high validity with ICC of ICC 0.977 (0.995-0.999), 0.994 (0.994-0.998), CV_ME% 0.71-0.72%, SEM% 0.31-0.34%, MDC% 0.86-0.94%. The test-retest intra-rater reliability showed very high reliability ICC 0.911 (0.911-0.966), CV_ME% 0.71%, SEM% 0.34-0.36%, MDC% 0.81-0.94%. The test-retest inter-rater showed very high reliability ICC 0.936 (0.933-0.957), CV_ME% 0.70%, SEM% 0.34-0.35%, MDC% 0.81-0.83%. Conclusion: The KPIMT Torticollis Protractor, a smart phone and IPD application, is a highly reliable and valid device for angle measurement in children with congenital myotonia and can be easily used in clinical practice.

• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2015

Objective : This Study was conducted in order to develop the Learning Satisfaction (LS)and Learning Flow Scale(LFS) for Korean Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology and to investigate the reliability and validity. Methods : LF and LFS were administered to 44 students and 20 resident physicians . We examined the test-retest reliability, internal consistency and perfomed factor analysis. Result : 1. Test-retest reliability were reliable on LS and LFS for Korean Medical Ophathalmology & Otolaryngology.2. Test-retest reliability were unreliable comparatively on LS and LFS for Korean Medical Dermatology.3. internal consistency were all reliable in LS and LFS Korean Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology.4. factor analysis were reliable only LS of Korean Medical Dermatology. Conclusions : LS and LFS has reliability to measure learning satisfaction and learning flow of Korean Medical students. But there is no evidence about validity of LS and LFS for Korean Medical Ophthalmology & Otolaryngology & Dermatology.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.93-101
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis (WOMAC) index has been used to measure the outcome of total knee replacement (TKR), but studies on its reliability and validity are limited. The present study examined the reliability and validity of this index for patients with knee osteoarthritis who underwent TKR. METHODS: Seventy-one inpatients and outpatients who underwent bilateral TKR for knee osteoarthritis were included in this study. The pain assessment scale and WOMAC index were used to evaluate the participants every two weeks to examine the test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and construct validity. RESULTS: The test-retest reliability scores for pain, stiffness, and physical function were .75-.92, .85-.90, and .75-.95, respectively. The corresponding intraclass correlation coefficients were .75-.88, .76-.88, and .71-.95, respectively. The internal consistency score in the first and second examinations was .92. Furthermore, the construct validity scores for pain, stiffness, and physical function were .83, .41, and .58, respectively. CONCLUSION: The application of the WOMAC index in patients who underwent TKR showed high test-retest reliability and internal consistency with the use of the WOMAC index and good validity with the use of the pain assessment scale.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.383-392
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• 1995

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the intratester reliability of measurements obtained with 3 Dimensional Motion Analysis System(3DMAS) by tester on normal subject. Twenty subjects between the ages of 9 and 29(x=22) were evaluated with 3DMAS using a test-retest reliability procedure after a familiarization session. Computerized 3DMAS was done with 4 50 - Hz CCD cameras connected to the ELITE system(B. T. S., Italy) and kinetic data were collected from the AMTI force platform(AMTI., U. S. A). Data were analyzed by the Eliclinic software to obtain gait parameters, joint angles and joint internal moment and power. Test-retest revealed intraclass correlation coefficients from .80 to .99. A series of paired t-tests revealed no significant differences between test and retest values. Finally, it was concluded that tester with 3DMAS could obtain reliable measurements with 3DMAS for determining kinetic, kinematic and gait parameters in normal subjects.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was designed to determine the test-retest, inter-rater, and intra-rater reliability of the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS) when applied to children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods: Subjects were out-patient children with cerebral palsy at four CP clinics in Gyeonggyi-do and Chungcheong nam-do. For test-retest and inter-rater reliability studies, the PBS was used twice on 7 separate days by twenty-four children with CP. To assess intra-rater reliability, 10 CP subjects were selected by random sampling. Four pediatric-trained physical therapists with 2-13 years of clinical experience scored the children’s performance blindly, while replaying videotaped data. Results: There was no significant difference in total scores (ICC 3,1=0.89, 0.93, 0.90, and 0.91) measured by each of the four therapists on two occasions. The Inter-rater reliability assessed the 1st and 2nd time was high (1stICC 3,1=0.91, 2nd ICC 3,1=0.93). The intra-rater reliability measured by each of the four therapists using the 2nd scores was also high (ICC 3,1=0.98, 0.99, 0.97, and 0.98). Conclusion: The PBS is reliable. We believe that it can be used in characterizing children with CP.