• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제8권5호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2009

TCS (Toll Collection System) 데이터는 원시 데이터 자체로서도 구간의 교통상황을 어느 정도 반영할 수 있는 교통특 성을 내포하고 있다. 그러나 TCS 데이터에는 이상치가 포함되어 있어 이러한 데이터는 해당 구간의 통행시간을 대표한다고 볼 수 없으므로 만약 이러한 이상치들이 포함되어 있음에도 불구하고 제거하지 않고 집락을 한다면 이상치들로 인해 통행시간은 크게 왜곡 될 가능성이 있다. 특히 장거리 구간일수록 통행시간의 분산이 증가하여 동일구간 동일시간대라도 다양한 통행시간이 분포하고 있다. 구간이 길어질수록 통행시간의 변동이 심하여 적절한 통행시간 대푯값을 구하기가 어렵다. 따라서 TCS 자료를 이용하여 통행시간의 대푯값을 산정하기 위해서는 통행시간의 변동 특성을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 TCS 데이터의 전처리 기법을 개선하되 구간의 길이와 교통상황에 따른 통행시간의 변동을 고려하여 TCS 원시데이터로부터 시 공간적 통행패턴을 파악할 수 있는 의미 있는 통행시간을 추출하고자 한다.

• 천문학논총
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2012

We analyzed the current status of the telescope control system (TCS2) of the 1.8 m telescope in Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory (BOAO), and suggest a new TCS (TCS3) for the long term development of BOAO. The TCS2 was constructed in 1998 to replace the TCS1 which was installed with the telescope itself at the commencement of BOAO. One of the important parts of TCS is PMAC (Programmable Multi-Axis Controller), which is a general-purpose multi-axis motion controller. PMAC provides the direct interactive communication environment permitting users to command the controller directly with simple operations. This makes the setup, debugging, and diagnostics very easy. The TCS2 was operated stable for a long time, but the hardware and TCS computers have been deteriorated and are out of date now. The new TCS3 needs to be constructed based on a modern computer system. And functions such as pre-calculations of telescope limiting position, interworking with virtual observatory tools, and using GUI, etc should be added. Construction of the TCS3 will be a step creating a better observation environment for the Korean astronomical society.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.67-74
• /
• 2019

The automotive market has recently been investing much time and costs in improving existing technologies such as ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) and TCS (Traction Control System) and developing new technologies. Additionally, various methods have been applied and developed to reduce this. Among them, the development method using the simulation has been mainly used and developed. In this paper, we have studied a method to develop SILS (Software In the Loop Simulation) for TCS which can test various environment variables under the same conditions. We modeled hardware (vehicle engine and ABS module) and software (control logic) of TCS using MATLAB/Simulink and Carsim. Simulation was performed on the climate, road surface, driving course, etc. to verify the TCS logic. By using SILS to develop TCS control logic and controller, it is possible to verify before production and reduce the development period, manpower and investment costs.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.139-147
• /
• 2004

The purpose of engine control TCS is to regulate engine torque to keep driven wheel slip in a desired range. In this paper, engine control TCS using sliding mode control law based on engine model and estimated load torque is proposed. This system includes a two-level controller. Slip controller calculates desired wheel torque, and engine torque controller determines throttle angle for engine torque corresponding to desired wheel torque. Another issue is to measure load torque for model based controller design. Luenberger observer with state variables of load torque and engine speed solves this problem as estimating load torque. The performance of controller and observer is certificated by simulation using 8-degree vehicle model, Pacejka tire model, and 2-state engine model. The simulation results in various maneuvers during slippery and split road conditions showed that acceleration performance and ability of the vehicle with TCS is improved. Also, the load torque observer could estimate real load torque very well, so its performance was proved.

• 대한교통학회지
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.241-250
• /
• 2008

지능형 교통체계구축과 교통 혼잡이 증가하면서 이용자는 과거보다 양질의 통행시간정보를 요구하고 있다. 기존 연구에서는 단속류, 연속류 모두 AVI검지기 자료를 이용한 이상치제거 및 통행시간 산출에 대한 연구가 많이 이루어져왔다. 현재 한국도로공사에서는 TCS(Toll Collection System)를 기반으로 정보제공을 준비 중에 있으며, TCS 데이터는 운전자가 실제교통상황을 경험한 동적특성을 가진 통행시간이 수집된 자료로 통행시간 추정자료로 잠재력이 크다. 그러나 '시간처짐현상'이 발생하고 속도위반, 휴게소, 고장 등으로 인해 평균통행시간보다 작거나 큰 이상치와 결측데이터가 존재하여 기존 방법을 적용하는데 효과적이지 못한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 TCS 데이터에 맞는 이상치제거 및 결측보정 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 기존알고리즘과 비교한 결과 개발 알고리즘이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
• /
• 제16권5호통권98호
• /
• pp.83-90
• /
• 1999

The prevalence of microprocessor-based controllers in automotive system has greatly increased the need for tools which can be used to validate and test control system over their full range of operation. The objective of this paper is to develop a real time simulator of an anti-lock braking system and traction control system by the methodology of using hardware-in-the-loop simulation based on a personal computer. By use of this simulator, the analyses of commercial electronic control units and components for ABS/TCS were performed successfully. The simulator of this research can be applied to development of more advanced control system(such as vehicle dynamic control system) and other automotive system.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
• /
• 제28권8호
• /
• pp.1203-1211
• /
• 2004

A traction control systems (TCSs) composed of either a wheel slip controller or a throttle valve controller or an integrated controller of both systems are proposed in this study. To validatethe dynamic characteristics of a vehicle and TCS, a full car model that can simulate the responses of both front wheel drive (2WD) and four wheel drive (4WD) vehicle is also developed. The wheel slip controller uses a sliding mode control scheme and the throttle valve is controlled by a PID controller. The results shows that tHe brake TCS and the engine TCS achieve rapid acceleration, and reduce slip angle on slippery road. When a vehicle is cornering and accelerating maneuver with the brake or engine TCS, understeer or oversteer occur, depending on the driving conditions. The integrated TCS prevents most of these problems and improves the stability and controllability of the vehicle.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.49-57
• /
• 2007

This paper proposes a traction control system (TCS) that uses a sliding mode wheel slip controller and a PID throttle valve controller. In addition, a yaw motion controller (YMC) is also developed to improve lateral stability using a PID rear wheel steering angle controller. The dynamics of a vehicle and characteristics of the controllers are validated using a proposed full-car model. A driver model is also designed to steer the vehicle during maneuvers on a split ${\mu}$ road and double lane change maneuver. The simulation results show that the proposed full-car model is sufficient to predict vehicle responses accurately. The developed TCS provides improved acceleration performances on uniform slippery roads and split ${\mu}$ roads. When the vehicle is cornering and accelerating with the brake or engine TCS, understeer occurs. An integrated TCS eliminates these problems. The YMC with the integrated TCS improved the lateral stability and controllability of the vehicle.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제5권3호
• /
• pp.191-201
• /
• 1997

Accurate positioning of a throttle valve is required to implement the traction control system(TCS) which improves acceleration performance in slippery roads. In this research, position control system is developed for the main throttle actuator(MTA) system which uses one throttle actuation for small volume and DC servo motor for fast response. In order to drive DC motor, PWM signal generator and PWM amplifier were built and interfaced to the motor and controller. Digital PID control law is used as basic control algorithm. In order to prevent overshoot and improve accuracy, velocity profiles are generated and implemented whenever the targer throttle angle is given from the TCS controller. Thanks to velocity profiles, the control performance was very good and only one set of PID gains was used to cover the entire operating range. Also, the resolution of position is about 0.4$^{\circ}C$, which is better than that of stepping motor also used as throttle actuator in some products. The response time of the developed system is also fast enough to implement the engine control based TCS algorithm.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제17권7호
• /
• pp.1183-1190
• /
• 2007

A metabolic uncoupler, 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide (TCS), was used to reduce excess sludge production in biological wastewater treatment processes. Batch experiments confirmed that 0.4 mg/l of TCS reduced the aerobic growth yield of activated sludge by over 60%. However, the growth yield remained virtually constant even at the increased concentrations of TCS when cultivations were carried out under the anoxic condition. Reduction of sludge production yield was confirmed in a laboratory-scale anoxic-oxic process operated for 6 months. However, it was found that ammonia oxidation efficiency was reduced by as much as 77% in the presence of 0.8 mg/l of TCS in the batch culture. Similar results were also obtained through batch inhibition tests with activated sludges and by bioluminescence assays using a recombinant Nitrosomonas europaea (pMJ217). Because of this inhibitory effect of TCS on nitrification, the TCS-fed continuous system failed to remove ammonia in the influent. When TCS feeding was stopped, the nitrification yield of the process was resumed. Therefore, it seems to be necessary to assess the nitrogen content of wastewater if TCS is used for reducing sludge generation.