• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.406-411
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• 2011

Background: Invariant Natural killer T (iNKT) cells, a distinct subset of CD1d-restricted T cells with invariant $V{\alpha}{\beta}$ TCR, functionally bridge innate and adaptive immunity. While iNKT cells share features with conventional T cells in some functional aspects, they simultaneously produce large amount of Th1 and Th2 cytokines upon T-cell receptor (TCR) ligation. However, gene expression pattern in two types of cells has not been well characterized. Methods: we performed comparative microarray analyses of gene expression in murine iNKT cells and conventional $CD4^+CD25^-$ ${\gamma}{\delta}TCR^-$ T cells by using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) method. Results: Here, we describe profound differences in gene expression pattern between iNKT cells and conventional $CD4^+CD25^-$ ${\gamma}{\delta}TCR^-$ T cells. Conclusion: Our results provide new insights into the functional competence of iNKT cells and a better understanding of their various roles during immune responses.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.419-422
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• 2009

개의 림프종을 분자유전자학적으로 진단하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위하여 12개의 염색 및 고정된 도말 표본으로부터 DNA를 추출한 후, 임파육종에 특이적인 재배열된 항원 수용체 유전자를 중합효소연쇄반응으로 증폭시켰다. 그 결과 6개의 type-B 림프종에서 type-B 세포의 림프종에 특이적인 IgH (immunoglobulin H) 주유전자(major gene)와 type-B 림프종의 부유전자(minor gene)가 증폭되었다. 또한, 3개의 type-T 세포의 림프종의 경우에도 이에 특이적인 $TCR{\gamma}$ 유전자가 증폭되었다. 한편, 에를리키아증에 이환된 표본은 $TCR{\gamma}$ 유전자가 위양성으로 증폭되었지만, 활성화된 림프절 샘플의 경우에는 어떤 유전자의 재배열도 관찰되지 않았다. 따라서 림프종의 진단에 있어서 혈액 또는 조직 도말 표본의 DNA를 이용하여 재배열된 항원 수용체 유전자의 검출을 시도한다면, 특이적이고 객관적으로 림프종을 감별진단 할 수 있을 것이며, 나아가 회고적 분석에도 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.329-335
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• 2013

TCR subunits are members of membrane-bound receptors which allow the fast and efficient elimination of the specific fish pathogens have regulated function in adaptive immunity. Sequence structure of TCR subunits have been reported for various teleosts, but the information of each TCR subunit functional characterization through expression analysis in fish was unknown. In this study, we examined the gene expression of TCR subunits in the early developmental stages and observed transcript levels in various tissues from healthy adult olive flounder by RT-PCR. The mRNA expression of alpha subunit was already detected in the previous hatching step. But the transcripts of another TCR subunit were not observed during embryo development and increased after hatching and maintained until metamorphosis at the same level. It was found that all TCR subunits mRNAs are commonly expressed in the immune-related organ such as spleen, kidney and gill, also weak expressed in fin and eye. TCR alpha and beta subunit were expressed in brain, whereas gamma and delta were not expressed same tissue. The sequence alignment analysis shows that there are more than 80% sequence homology between TCR subunits. Because it has a high similarity of amino acid sequence to expect similar in function, but expression analysis show that will have may functional diversity due to different time and place of expression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.2909-2916
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• 2016

Background: Canine malignant lymphoma is classified into B- or T-cell origin, as in the human case. Due to differences in prognosis, a suitable method needs to be developed for lineage identification. Aims: To determine the accuracy of immunophenotypic and molecular information between three methods: immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC) and heteroduplex polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangements (hPARR) in spontaneous canine lymphomas. Materials and Methods: Peripheral blood, fine needle aspiration and tissue biopsies from enlarged peripheral lymph nodes prior to treatment of 28 multicentric lymphoma patients were collected. Cytopathology and histopathology were examined and classified using the updated Kiel and WHO classifications, respectively. Anti-Pax5 and anti-CD3 antibodies as B- and T-cell markers were applied for immunophenotyping by ICC and IHC. Neoplastic lymphocytes from lymph node and white blood cell pellets from peripheral blood were evaluated by hPARR. Results: In this study, low grade B-cell lymphoma accounted for 25% (7/28), high grade B-cell lymphoma for 64.3% (18/28) and high grade T-cell lymphoma for 10.7% (3/28). According to the WHO classification, 50% of all cases were classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In addition, ICC showed concordant results with IHC; all B-cell lymphomas showed Pax5+/CD3, and all T-cell lymphomas exhibited Pax5-/CD3+. In contrast to hPARR, 12 B-cell lymphomas featured the IgH gene; seven presented the $TCR{\gamma}$ gene; five cases showed both IgH and $TCR{\gamma}$ genes, and one case were indeterminate. Three T-cell lymphomas showed the $TCR{\gamma}$ gene. The percentage agreement between hPARR and ICC/IHC was 60%. Conclusions: Immunophenotyping should not rely on a single method. ICC or IHC with hPARR should be used concurrently for immunophenotypic diagnosis in canine lymphomas.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2005

Background: Interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) ${\alpha}$-deficient mice have small numbers of B cells and ${\alpha}{\beta}$T cells in periphery, they totally lack ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells. In addition, the V-J recombination and transcription of TCR ${\gamma}$ genes is also severely impaired in IL-7R ${\alpha}$-deficient mice. Stat5, a signaling molecule of the IL-7R, induces germline transcription in the TCR ${\gamma}$ locus, and promotes V-J recombination and ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cell development. However, the roles for IL-7R signaling pathway in thymic or extrathymic ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cell development are largely unknown. Methods: To clarify the role of the IL-7 receptor in proliferation and survival of ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells, we introduced the TCR ${\gamma}{\delta}$ transgene, $V_{{\gamma}2}/V{\delta}_5$, into IL-7R ${\alpha}$-deficient mice, and investigated the development of ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells. Results: We found that $V_{{\gamma}2}/V{\delta}_5$ transgene restored ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells in the epithelium of the small intestine (IEL) but not in the thymus and the spleen. Further addition of a bcl-2 transgene resulted in partial recovery of ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cells in the thymus and the spleen of these mice. Conclusion: Taken together, this study revealed that the IL-7R ${\alpha}$ is indispensable for proliferation and survival mainly in thymic ${\gamma}{\delta}$T cell development.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1001-1007
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• 1996

반복되는 흉막염 및 폐렴을 주소로 내원한 30세 남자환자에서 경기관지 폐생검과 흉수내 림프구에 대한 유세포 분석 및 T세포 수용체 유전자 재배열 분석을 실시하였다. 경기관지 폐생검 조직의 연역조직화학 염색상 대부분의 림프구가 T세포 표식자인 UCHLl 에 대해 강하게 염색되었고, B세포 표식자인 L26에 대해서는 거의 염색되지 않았다. 흉수에서 추출한 림프구의 유세포 분석상 CD3양성 CD2양성인 T림프구가 대부분이었고, 이들 림프구에 대해 중합효소연쇄반응을 이용한 T세포 수용체 유전자 재배열 분석을 하였더니 $TCR{\gamma}$ 유전자 재배열과 클론성을 관찰할 수 있었다. T세포 원발성 폐림프종으로 진단하였고, 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2015

T-bet is a critical transcription factor that regulates differentiation of Th1 cells from $CD4^+$ precursor cells. Since T-bet directly binds to the promoter of the IFN-${\gamma}$ gene and activates its transcription, T-bet deficiency impairs IFN-${\gamma}$ production in Th1 cells. Interestingly, T-bet-deficient Th cells also display substantially augmented the production of IL-2, a T cell growth factor. Exogenous expression of T-bet in T-bet deficient Th cells rescued the IFN-${\gamma}$ production and suppressed IL-2 expression. IFN-${\gamma}$ and IL-2 reciprocally regulate Th cell proliferation following TCR stimulation. Therefore, we examined the effect of T-bet on Th cell proliferation and found that T-bet deficiency significantly enhanced Th cell proliferation under non-skewing, Th1-skewing, and Th2-skewing conditions. By using IFN-${\gamma}$-null mice to eliminate the anti-proliferative effect of IFN-${\gamma}$, T-bet deficiency still enhanced Th cell proliferation under both Th1- and Th2-skewing conditions. Since the anti-proliferative activity of T-bet may be influenced by IL-2 suppression in Th cells, we examined whether T-bet modulates IL-2-independent cell proliferation in a non-T cell population. We demonstrated that T-bet expression induced by ecdysone treatment in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells increased IFN-${\gamma}$ promoter activity in a dose dependent manner, and sustained T-bet expression considerably decreased cell proliferation in HEK cells. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying anti-proliferative activity of T-bet remain to be elucidated, T-bet may directly suppress cell proliferation in an IFN-${\gamma}$- or an IL-2-independent manner.

• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.126-132
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for the assessment of palpable enlarged lymph nodes. The authors reviewed the results of 1,346 FNACs of palpable enlarged lymph nodes performed at Pusan National University Hospital from 1998 to 2004. Of the 1,346 cases, 1,265 (94.0%) were satisfactory and 81 (6.0%) unsatisfactory. Cytologic diagnoses were judged in 488 cases, based on subsequent histologic diagnoses, clinical follow up, or both. Global results for all malignancies (lymphoid and non-lymphoid neoplasms) based on cases with final diagnoses, showed a sensitivity of 87.4% and a specificity of 98.7%. The overall diagnostic accuracy was 93,2%, and the false negative rate reduced from 12,6% to 7,3% when lymphomatous cases were excluded. The annual data for this period showed that the number of diagnostic lymph node biopsies and the rate of inadequately sampled material markedly decreased. Gene rearrangement studies for IgH and TCR ${\gamma}$ were helful in 30 cases. FNAC is a useful initial diagnostic procedure for the evaluation of palpable enlarged lymph nodes. However, the technique should be assisted by the appropriate ancillary studies and by proper interpretation by a cytopathologist.