• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2013

This study has focused on transparency recovering of the polycarbonate by polishing its surface for recycling. The polycarbonate has many properties such as excellent mechanical strength, electrical insulating, superior heat resistance to other plastic material and especially good transparency. It has been used as barrier for the traffic noise at the roadside and the greenhouse for the palm house. But the polycarbonate has changed slightly as time goes by 10 years because of exposure to the strong sunlight and oxidization in the atmosphere, as result has lost its transparency. Magnetic assisted polishing has been utilized as an effective polishing method to recover the transparency of polycarbonate. The polycarbonate which has been used for 10 years was adopted as the sample. The first surface roughness of the sample was 1$1.23{\mu}mRa$, $7.5{\mu}mRz(DIN)$ respectively. In the experimental results, it showed that the surface roughness of the polished sample improved $0.013{\mu}mRa$, $0.08{\mu}mRz(DIN)$ from the first surface roughness respectively. The surface roughness get almost back again by magnetic assisted polishing. These results also showed that the magnetic assisted polishing was efficient machining method to reuse the polycarbonate material.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.103-115
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• 2006

Objectives : Rheumatoid arthritis(RA) is a systemic & a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease . A chronic , locally destructive inflammmatory reaction in human is examplified by the synovitis present in some connective tissue disorder. The presence of a number of cytokines, $TNF-{\alpha}$, iNOS & expression of nitric oxide, NF-kB p65 activation implies an important role of cellular immune response in RA inflammatory reaction. This study was designed to evaluate on the effects of the Homnis Placenta herbal acupuncture on EX-LE201 & ST 35 reducing expression of LPS-induced arthritis model in mice. Materials and Methods : Homnis Placenta herbal acupuncture was inserted into 10 rats induced rheumatoid arthritis. The acupunctures were injected into the EX-LE201 and ST35 points. Such indexes were measured the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) expression, nitric oxide(NO) production in vitro experiment and Tumor Necrosis $Factor-{\alpha}(TNF-{\alpha})$ & Nuclear Factor kappa $B(NF-{\kappa}B)$ p65 activation, synovial hyperplasia, angiogenesis and fibrosis in synovial membrane of knee joint of mice in vivo experiment. Results : 1.Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture inhibited iNOS mRNA and NO in RAW 264.7 cell of LPS-induced rheumatoid arthritis in a dose dependent manner. 2.Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture also showed significant inhibition of $TNF-{\alpha}$ & $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, activation, synovial hyperplasia, angiogenesis and fibrosis in synovial membrane of knee joint of mice. Conclusion : These results suggest that Homnis Placenta Herbal acupuncture has an therapeutic effects on LPS induced-rheumatoid arthritis by inhibiting $TNF-{\alpha}$ activation.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.336-350
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate corrosion tendency and to compare corrosion resistance of three dental magnetic attachments and its keeper alloy by coercive, electrochemical method. By using petentiodynamic polarization technique, magnetic elements and its keeper alloy of Magfit EX600 system(MF, MFK), Dyna ES regular system(DN, DNK) and Shiner SR magnet system(SR, SRK) were corroded electrochemically in 0.9% NaCl electrolytic solution. Open-circuit potential and anodic polarization curve was measured with Potentiostat(model 273 EG&E) and polarization curve was created by current density per square area following scanning of increased series of voltage in the rate of 1.0mV per second. Before and after electrochemical corrosion, the surface roughness test was done. Thereafter the change of mean surface roughness value(Ra) and mean peak value(Rt) of surface roughness was compared one another. In order to observe the corroded surface of each specimen, metallurgical light microscopic(${\times}37.5$) and scanning electron microscopic view(SEM ${\times}100$) was taken and compared one another. Conclusion is followings. 1. All of six covering metal of dental magnetic attachments and its keeper alloy were corroded in various degree after electrochemical corrosion. 2. The corrosion resistance of which used in this experiment is the following in high order; DNK, MFK, DN, MF, SRK and SR. 3. Especially Shiner magnet system and its keeper alloy were more severely corroded after electrochemical corrosion and the change of Ra Rt value were more increased than others. 4 Metallurgical and scanning electron microscopic view showed the pitting corrosion tendency of all experimental alloy but DNK and SR. 5. Covering metal of magnet was more corroded than its keeper alloy.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2014

Lumbopelvic stabilization exercise has become the most popular treatment method in lumbar rehabilitation since its effectiveness was shown in some aspects of pain and disability. The abdominal drawing-in maneuver (ADIM) has been extensively implemented to promote lumbopelvic stability. However, performing ADIM correctly is difficult even for healthy subjects, and it is time consuming to train people in ADIM. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare abdominal muscle [rectus abdominalis (RA), external oblique (EO), and transverse abdominis/internal oblique (TrA/IO)] activity during lumbopelvic stabilization exercises (ADIM only, ADIM with a ball, maximum exhalation only, and maximum exhalation with a ball) performed in a supine position with feet against a wall. Fifteen healthy subjects were recruited for this study. Surface electromyography was used to measure abdominal muscle activity during lumbopelvic stabilization exercises. A one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to determine the statistical significance of RA, EO, and TrA/IO muscle activity during four lumbopelvic stabilization exercises. Both-side TrA/IO muscle activity was significantly greater with maximum exhalation with a ball than with ADIM only or ADIM with a ball (p<.008). The results of this study suggest that maximum exhalation with a ball can be used as an effective lumbopelvic stabilization exercise to increase TrA/IO muscle activity in healthy subjects.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-58
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• 2008

Background: Molecular mechanisms of natural killer (NK) cell development from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have not been clearly elucidated, although the roles of some genes in NK cell development have been reported previously. Thus, searching for molecules and genes related NK cell developmental stage is important to understand the molecular events of NK cell development. Methods: From our previous SAGE data-base, Gpnmb (Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B) was selected for further analysis. We confirmed the level of mRNA and protein of Gpnmb through RT-PCR, quantitative PCR, and FACS analysis. Then we performed cell-based ELISA and FACS analysis, to know whether there are some molecules which can bind to Gpnmb. Using neutralizing antibody, we blocked the interaction between NK cells and OP9 cells, and checked IFN-${\gamma}$ production by ELISA kit. Results: Gpnmb expression was elevated during in vitro developmental stage and bound to OP9 cells, but not to NK precursor cells. In addition, we confirmed that the levels of Gpnmb were increased at NK precursor stage in vivo. We confirmed syndecan4 as a candidate of Gpnmb's binding molecule. When the interaction between NK cells and OP9 cells were inhibited in vitro, IFN-${\gamma}$ production from NK cells were reduced. Conclusion: Based on these observations, it is concluded that Gpnmb has a potential role in NK cell development from HSCs.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.397-400
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• 2017

Recently, a lot of images containing various global movements have been generated by the activation of the photographic equipment such as the drone and the action cam. In this case, when the motion such as rotation, scaling is generated, it is difficult to expect a high coding efficiency in the conventional inter-picture prediction method using the 2D motion vector. In this paper, we propose a video coding method that reflects global motion through homography reference pictures. As a proposed method, there are 1) a method of generating a new reference picture by grasping a global motion relation between a current picture and a reference picture by homography, and 2) a method of utilizing a homography reference picture for inter-picture prediction. The experiment was applied to the HEVC reference software HM 14.0, and the experimental result showed an increase in encoding efficiency of 6.6% based on RA. Especially, the results using the videos with rotational motion have a maximum coding efficiency of 32.6%, which is expected to show high efficiency in video, which is often represented by complex global motion such as drones.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.285-295
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of sacroiliac joint mobilization and lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises on the equilibrium ability. The subjects were consisted of ninety healthy adult two decade(43 females. 47 males; mean aged 22.1) from 20 to 29. All subjects randomly assigned to the control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group. Lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group received lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises for 30 minutes, sacroiliac joint mobilization group received sacroiliac joint mobilization for 2-3 minutes per day and three times a week during 3 weeks period. Active balancer(SAKAI EAB-100) was used to measure equilibrium ability. All measurements of each subjects were measured at pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment. The results of this study were summarized as follows: 1. The WPL of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment(p>.05), but significantly reduced after 10 days and post-experiment(p<.05). The results of analyzed effects of WPL was significantly reduced between experiment type of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group according to pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). 2. The RA of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group was no significantly differences at pre-experiment(p>.05), but significantly reduced after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). The results of analyzed effects of RA was significantly reduced between experiment type of control group, sacroiliac joint mobilization group, lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises group according to pre-experiment, after 10 days, and post-experiment(p<.05). Conclusionally these data suggest that a 3-week SI joint mobilization and lumbopelvic stabilizing exercises improved equilibrium. Additional randomized controlled trials to more fully investigate treatment effects and factors that may mediate these effects are needed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.32-39
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• 2013

Abdominal curl-up exercise may excessively increased superficial neck flexor such as sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle. Also, the muscle activity of the abdominal muscles haven't investigated during abdominal curl-up with craniocervical flexion (CCF). Therefore, the purpose of our study was to determine the effect of CCF on the muscle activity of the abdominal and SCM muscles during abdominal curl-up. Twelve healthy subjects (six men and six women) with no history of abdominal or lower back pain within 6 weeks were recruited. Surface electromyographic signals were collected on SCM, rectus abdominis (RA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles bilaterally during performing the traditional abdominal curl-up and the abdominal curl-up with CCF. Paired t-tests were used to compare the differences in the muscle activity of the bilateral SCM, RA, EO, and IO muscles between the traditional abdominal curl-up and the abdominal curl-up with CCF (p<.05). There was significantly lower electromyogram (EMG) activity of the both SCMs during the abdominal curl-up with CCF (Right SCM, $39.50{\pm}15.29%MVIC$; Left SCM, $38.24{\pm}17.31%MVIC$) than with the traditional abdominal curl-up (Right SCM, $54.85{\pm}20.05%MVIC$; Left SCM, $53.18{\pm}26.72%MVIC$) (p<.05). The activity of abdominal muscles were not significantly different between the traditional abdominal curl-up and the abdominal curl-up with CCF. The abdominal curl-up with CCF requires significantly less muscle activity of SCM. Consequently, the abdominal curl-up with CCF is recommended to prevent excessive activation of superficial cervical flexors during abdominal curl-up exercise.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.64-80
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• 2005

The pharmacological effects of medicinal remedies traditionally used in Asian countries for improving the blood circulation were examined on isolated rat thoracic aorta strips in organ baths. Each experimental medicine was consecutively extracted under reflux with water. Of 17 plants, Curcuma longa (CL) having the strongest acute relaxant activity in endothelium-intact arteries, Mucunae caulis (MC), Cirsium pendulum (CP), Rumex longiflius (RL), Paeonia suffruticosa (PS), Curcuma zedoaria (CZ), Scirpus maritimus (SM), Siphonostegia chinensis (SC), Leonurs sibiricus (LS) and Typha orientalis (TO) were showing dose-dependent relaxant activity. Long-term relaxant effects were showed in Curcuma aromatia (CA), MC, CP, RL, PS, Potulacae grandiflorae (PG), CZ, Panax notoginseng (PN), Achyranthes japonica (AJ), CL, SC, Lycoppus lucidus (LL) and Corydalis turtschaninovii (CT). In endothelium-injury test using carbachol, CL, SC, MC, RL and PS which are having the acute vasorelaxing activity and CA and CT which are not showing vasorelaxaing activity were damaged to endothelium. As a result of this study, the possibility that a part of medicinal remedy may contribute to the beneficial effects in blood circulation was proposed, but inter-individual variation has been observed. Also, further studies on the vasorelaxant effects of these remedies are still required.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.153-162
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the moisturizing effects of collagen extract from jellyfish. The mositurizing effects were measured by the caspase 14 expression, filaggrin, hyaluronan synthase-3 (HAS-3), aquaporin-3 (AQP-3) and desmocollin (DSC). As a results, effect of caspase 14 mRNA expression of collagen extract are similar to that of retinoic acid (RA) which is a reference control. And the collagen extract showed inhibitory of filaggrin, HAS-3, AQP-3 and DSC mRNA expression of 211.7%, 139.9%, 212.5% and 116.8% respectively, at the concentration of 2%. Therefore, our study suggested that jellyfish collagen extract has considerable potential as a cosmetics ingredient with moisturizing effect.