• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 1995

The crystal structure of 1-Cyclopropyl-7-(2,7-diazabicyclo[3.3.0]oct-4-en-7-yl)-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline-3-carboxylic acid (HCI salt) has been determined from single crystal x-ray diffraction study ; C20H21N3O4FCl, Monoclinic, C2/c, a=28.349(2)Å, b=11.941(2)Å, c=12.806(2)Å, β=96.428(9)°, V=4307.8Å3, T=296(2)K, Z=8, CuKα(λ=1.5418Å). The molecular structure was solved by direct method and refined by full-matrix least squares to a final R=4.96% for 2258 unique observed F0>4σ(F0) reflections and 293 parameters. The conformation of the molecule is stabilized by an intramolecular O(28)-H(28)…O(25) [2.517(4)Å, 156.7(447)°] hydrogen bond. Intermoleculars distances correspond to van der Waals contacts.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.281-289
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of knowledge, preventive health behavior of the COVID-19 among nursing students. Data were collected from 190 nursing female students in B city and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient using SPSS/WIN 22.0. The degree of knowledge about COVID-19 in nursing female students was 9.18±1.95. The degree of preventive health behaviors on COVID-19 in nursing female students was 3.62±0.30. There were significant differences in knowledge about COVID-19 with respect to age(F=5.981, p=.001), grade(r=6.376, p<.001), college life satisfaction(F=3.632, p=.007). There were significant differences in preventive health behavior of the COVID-19 with respect to age(F=4.018, p=.008), grade(F=2.719, p=.046), health state(F=3.845, p=.005) college life satisfaction(F=3.875, p=.005), clinical experience satisfaction/expectation(F=4.337, p=.002), necessity COVID 19(t=2.801, p=.006). Through this research can be used as basic data by COVID 19 infection control education of nursing students.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.295-304
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the organizational citizenship behaviors(OCB) of nurses through identifying the relationship between the personal characteristics, occupational characteristics and OCB in nursing organization. Method: The subjects of this study were 223 clinical nurses. The structured questionnaires were used to collect the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe' test, Pearson correlation and stepwise multiple regression analysis by SPSS version 10. Results: The mean of OCB was $5.21{\pm}.59$. The OCB had statistically significant differences according to age(F=1.706, p=.007), tenure duration (F=3.450, p=.009), choice of nursing department(t=1.651, p=.000), marriage(t=2.341, p=.020) and religion(F=2.578, p=.038). The OCB was positively correlated with high-level need(r=.303, p=.000), neuroticism(r=.155, p=.020), task interdependence(r=.433, p=.000), age(r=.172, p=.010) and tenure duration(r=.190, p=.004); negatively with cynicism (r=-.310, p=.000). The task interdependence(18.7%), cynicism(7.7%) and tenure duration(1.9%) explained 28.3% of the variance for OCB in nursing organization. Conclusion: It is necessary to enhance the task interdependence, increase tenure and understand the characteristics of nurses to increase the OCB in clinical nurses. Nurse manager should be understand the positive influence of OCB on the task outputs in the hospital.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2012

Co-(0.8 wt%) and Ce-(0.4 wt%) doped cubic zirconia ($ZrO_2$ : $Y_2O_3$ = 80 : 20, 70 : 30, 60 : 40, 50 : 50 wt%) single crystals grown by a skull melting method were heat-treated in $N_2$ at $1000^{\circ}C$ for 5 hrs. The orange, yellowish brown and brown colored as-grown single crystals were changed into either brownish red, yellow and green color after the heat treatment. Before and after the heat treatment, the YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) single crystals were cut for wafer form (${\phi}6.5mm{\times}t2mm$). The optical and structural properties were examined by UV-VIS spectrophotometer and X-ray diffraction. Absorption by $Ce^{3+}(^2F_{5/2,7/2}(4f){\rightarrow}^2T_g(5d^1))$, $Co^{2+}(^4A_2(^4F){\rightarrow}^4T_1(^4F)$ or $^4T_1(^4P))$ and $Co^{3+}$, change of ionization energy and lattice parameter were confirmed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.387-398
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• 2002

This study was conducted to provide basic data to develop a smoking prevention and non-smoking education program. Data were collected, using a questionnaire, from 438 male middle school students living in Chunchon, Kwangwon- do. The data collection period was from September 2 to 30, 2000. The questionnaire used to measure the subjects' knowledge and attitude toward smoking was based on the guideline for the contents of tobacco smoking surveys for the general population designed by WHO. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS-Win program. The results were as follows. 1. The subjects' average score for smoking knowledge was 58.52 out of 100 points. 2. The subjects' average score for attitude toward smoking was 63.54 out of 100 points. 3. Smoking knowledge of the subjects was significantly different by their grade (F=9.187, p=.000), father's smoking behavior (t=2.261, p= .024), aware of harmfulness of smoking (F=8.911, p=.000). The subjects' attitude toward smoking was significantly different by mother's smoking behavior (t=-2.557, p=.011), brother's smoking behavior (t=-3.959, p=.000), having a smoking friend or not (t=-4.422, p=.000), subjects' smoking experience (t=-8.304, p=.000), present smoking behavior (t=7.001, p=.000), quantity of smoking (F=3.297, p= .041), abstinence period of smoking (F=3.858, p=.013), thinking about smoking behavior (F=20.999, p=.000), aware of harmfulness of smoking (F=20.964, p=.000), and amount of drinking (F=8.316, p=.000). 4. There was a significant correlation between subjects' knowledge and attitude toward smoking (r=.514, p=.000).

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.493-498
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• 2019

This study deals with the analysis of the technology association rules between CPC codes of the Internet of Things(IoT) patent, the core of the Fourth Industrial Revolution ICT-based technology. The association rules between CPC codes were extracted using R, an open source for data mining. To this end, we analyzed 369 of the 605 patents related to the Internet of Things filed with the Patent Office until July 2019, with a complex CPC code, up to the subclass-level. As a result of the technology association rules, CPC codes with high support were [H04W ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](18.2%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ H04W](18.2%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](17.3%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](17.3%), [H04W ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](9.8%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ H04W](9.8%), [G06F ${\rightarrow}$ H04L](7.9%), [H04L ${\rightarrow}$ G06F](7.9%), [G06F ${\rightarrow}$ G06Q](6.2%), [G06Q ${\rightarrow}$ G06F](6.2%). After analyzing the technology interconnection network, the core CPC codes related to technology association rules are G06Q and H04L. The results of this study can be used to predict future patent trends.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.16 no.8 s.111
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• pp.619-624
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• 1978

The use of mouth-rinses containing sodium fluoride after tooth brushing has been proposed as a potentially useful measure for the prevention of dental caries in the practice of public health. About 700 middle school girls rinsed their mouths in the school once a week with sodium fluoride sodution after tooth-brushing. Tooth brushing was practiced everyday after meals and the rinses were carried out under the supervision of the teachers. The procedure consisted of gargling 10cc of fluoride solution for one minute and immediately followed by a second rinse with tap water. The rinsing was started in May 1976 and continued for one year. The results were as follows: 1) The inhibition of the 'D' Person rate was 76.04%, 'M' person rate was 80.79%, 'F' person rate was 4.06% and, 'D.M.F.' person rate was 76.86%. 2) the reduction of the 'D.T.' Index was 81.94%, 'M.T.' Index was 85.71%, 'F.T.' Index was 7.69% and, 'D.M.F.T.' Index was 76.83%. 3) Mouth rinsing with 0.3% NaF solution and tooth brushing are of value in the mass control of dental caries.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.359-367
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• 2003

Purpose: This study is designed to test the effects of a full body massage on Apgar score, postpartum mother's childbirth experience, and mother-infant attachment for primipara during labor. Method: Data were collected using a quasi-experiment method (nonequivalent control group, pre-post test design) from November 1, 2001 to July 31, 2002. The subjects for this experiment consist of 28 women in the experimental group and 29 in the control group, out of 57 primipara hospitalized at the U OB & GYN hospital in Inchon. A 20 minute full body massage was given to the experimental group on each of three delivery phases (latent, active, and transition), and a conventional delivery care to the control group. The experimental tools for the study are Apgar score scale developed by Apgar(1958), postpartum mother's childbirth experience scale developed by Marut and Mercer(1979), and mother-infant attachment scale developed by Cropley et al(1981). The data collected were analyzed using t-test, χ2 test, and ANCOVA on the SPSS program. Result: The results of the experiment are as follows: One minute(t=6.756, p=.000; F=9.181, p=.004), and five minute(t=6.129, p=.000; F=7.918, p=.007) Apgar score are increased significantly. Postpartum mother's childbirth experience is significantly increased(t=11.691, p=.000; F=11.741, p=.001). Verbal touch score(t=5.256, p=.000; F=7.169, p=.010), skin touch score(t=11.332, p=.000; F=27.073, p=.000), and total score(t=12.105, p=.000; F=30.104, p=.000) of postpartum mother's childbirth experience are significantly increased, but not for eye touch score(t=3.236, p=.002; F=.800, p=.375). Conclusion: This study shows that a full body massage has a significant positive effect on Apgar score, postpartum mother's childbirth experience. and mother-infant attachment. Therefore, it is suggested that the full body massage might be used clinically to help primipara during labor.

• The Korean Journal of Rehabilitation Nursing
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.93-109
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• 1998

The purpose of study is to identify the relation between pain level and perceived family support and quality of life in musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain. The subjects for the study consist of 155 patients with musculoskeletal pain that received medical treatment in hospital or by attending hospital in Chonju. The data were collected during the period from August 5 to August 14, 1998 by means of interviews with structured questionnaire. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics. t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, Regression. Cronbach alpha using the SAS program. The result of this study were as follows : 1. The mean score of pain was 8.02, family support was 3.88 and quality of life was 3.07. 2. Hypothesis : The first hypothesis that 'The lower pain level is, the higher quality of life is' was accepted (r=-.2178, p= .0065). In addition, pain level of musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain provided predicted 4.7%(F=7.619, P= .0065) of quality of life. The second hypothesis that 'The higher perceived family support is, the lower pain level is' was rejected (r=-.0376, p= .6425). The third hypothesis that 'The higher perceived family support is, is higher quality of life is' was accepted (r= .3212, p= .0001). In addition, perceived family support of musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain provided predicted 10.31% (F=17.597, p= .0001) of quality of life. 3. General characteristics related pain were age(F=6.85, p= .0001),educational-level(F=9.29, p= .0001), occupation(F=5.81, p= .0037), marriage status(F=8.09, p= .0005), family numbers(F=5.73, p= .001), benefits of medical care(F=4.09, p= .0019), pain period(F=9.52, p= .0001), part of pain(F=2.33, p= .0352), pain period(F=3.08, p= .0181). 4. General characteristics related pain were sex(t=3.20, p= .0017), support sources(t=3.26, p= .0014), pain period(F-4.52, p= .0018). 5. General characteristics related pain were religion(t=3.11. p= .0022), benefits of medical care(F=3.61, p= .0293), pain duration(F=3.03, p= .0195). In conclusion, perceived family support in musculoskeletal patient with chronic pain is an important factor that can improve their quality of life. Therefore, nurses must establish nursing plan included patient's family when nurses carry out nursing intervention and education for patient so that a patient promote quality of life by maintaining optimal wellbeing.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2002

Make Photochromic lens Photochromism estimation method, and gouge photochromic lens and investigated UV light source to apply. UV light source irradiation ago and after wavelength dependence of photo-transmittance (T%) of darkening and fading state by do optical equipment which is consisted of spectrophotometer, light source, power meter and detecter. Use relative ratio value of maximum $T%{\times}{\lambda}$ area and saturated state area in light off. Dependences estimation introduced darkening efficiency $(K_d)=(1-C_1/A_1)/t_{on}$ relationship value course fading efficiency$(K_f)=(C_2/A_2)/t_{on}$ value during Photochromism's irradiation time in Photochromic lens. Wavelength dependence of transmittance (T%) has form of $T_m+T_1{\exp}[-(x_0-t)/a]$ in Darkening course fading state. Can receive each estimation parameter value as result that apply Photochromism's estimation parameter Z, $K_d$, $K_f$ in Photochromic lens.