• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.28-33
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to find out the effects of Joint and Muscle Mobilization applied to the patients with Degenerative Disc Disease by measuring, assessing and analyzing the changes on pain and in flexibility before and after Joint and Muscle Mobilization. Method: Surveyed from June. 2008 to July. 2009 were 10 patients suffering from DDD. Joint and muscle Mobilization were applied for 15 minutes in total. After Joint Mobilization, the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to measure the degree of the pain on the patients. After Joint and Muscle Mobilization, Spinal-$Mouse^{(R)}$ were used to measure the degree of the flexibility on the patients. Result: 1. There was significant decrease in the numerical values of the VAS & ODI after Joint and Muscle Mobilization (p<0.01). 2. There was significant decrease in the degree of the pain on the patients after Joint and Muscle Mobilization (p<0.01). 3. From the analysis into DDD in the degree the pain before and after Joint and Muscle Mobilization with Paired Sample T-test, It became evident that the longer the period of treatment was, the higher the pains decreases drastically, while significant difference was shown in the flexibility and the degree of the pain (p<0.01). Conclusion: Summed up, it can be generally concluded that Joint and Muscle Mobilization is an effective treatment to rid the patients with DDD of pains safely and promptly. It is, therefore, suggested to continue and expand the study on the cure of DDD and to motivate patients. Joint and Muscle Mobilization is considered as safest and most efficient pain remedy.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.155-163
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• 2010

Purpose: The aim of the study was to compare the characteristics of the autonomic innervation of the heart in polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS) patients with regulary cycling controls. Methods: We studied 21 patients visiting $\bigcirc\bigcirc$hospital from 25th June 2009 to 25th June 2010. The subjects were categorized in two groups, 11 PCOS patients and 10 healthy regularly cycling controls. We studied the difference of Heart rate variability (HRV) between two groups by Independent samples T-test using SPSS for windows(version 17.0). Results: The Standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals (SDNN), The spuare root of the sum of the spuare of difference between adjacent normal R-R intervals (RMS-SD) of PCOS group was non-significantly lower than non-PCOS group. High frequency power (HF) and Normalized high frequency power (HF norm) of PCOS group was significantly higher than non-PCOS group. Normalized low frequency power (LF norm) of PCOS was signficantly lower than non-PCOS group. The results means increased sympathetic and decreased vagal modulation. Total power (TP), Very low frequency power (VLF) of PCOS group was non-significantly lower than non-PCOS group. Low frequency power (LF), LF/HF ratio of PCOS group was non-significantly higher than non-PCOS group. Conclusion: The results suggest that PCOS can be related to decreased activity of parasympathetic nervous system.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2003

Objective : The clinical efficacy of Jowiseungchungtang(oriental herbal medication) over 6-month on the cognitive function in patients with mild Dementia of Alzheimer type(DAT) was investigated in this study. Method : The subjects for this study consisted of dementia patients who visited to the outpatient dementia department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry of the Kyunghee Oriental hospital. Patients were required to have at entry: a dignosis of mild DAT; Biochemical test, CBC, Urine analysis, Chest X -ray, EKG, Brain- MRI, Mini-Mental States-Korea(MMSE-K), Korean-Dementia Rating Scale(K-DRS), Samsung Dementia Questionaire(SDQ;to their caregiver). Patients(n=31) were assigned to treatment with Jowiseungchungtang (fourth/day for 6-month). The primary outcome measure was K-DRS. Result : 1. Patients' mean age was $71.4{\pm}6.6$ years(range 59 to 86 years). 2. Patients' mean education was $6.1{\pm}4.9$ years. K-DRS scores at baseline was $110.5{\pm}12.2$. K-DRS scores at 6-month was $109.0{\pm}17.0$. K-DRS scores at 6-month was not significantly different with K-DRS scores at baseline(t=.791 r=.435 p<.05). Conclusion : Treatment with Jowiseungchungtang for 6-month protected the cognitive function decline in patients with mild DAT.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.130-143
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• 1997

A heat-pressed technique(IPS-Empress, Ivoclar) has been described to construct single unit crown, inlay/onlay and veneers using a partially pre-cerammed and pre-colored glass-leucite ingot that has the greateast strength by the combination of heat-pressed procedure through the smalldiameter sprue and heat treatment procedure. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexure strength of a heat-pressed ceramic material(IPS-Empress) without simulated firing treatments according to pontic designs. Two groups of 9 disks(1.4mm thick, 14mm in diameter) each using two types of sprues with different diameters($({\Phi}2.8\;,{\Phi}1.8)$) and numbers were prepared. The specimens were mounted in the testing jig. The flexural strengths were determined, by means of the bi-axial bending test, by loading the center of disk to failure using a universal testing machine(Zwick 145141, Zwick, Germany) at a cross-head speed of 1.0 mm/min. The means flexural strength value of one group using a sprue with ${\Phi}2.8$ was $140.4{\pm}8.0Mpa$. That of the other group using two sprues with ${\Phi}1.8$ was $151.8{\pm}10.3Mpa$. After analysis, results showed that there was a statistical difference between groups(t=2.33m p<0.05). No clnical implications were drawn from these data because of absence of simulated firing treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.33 no.10
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• pp.1519-1529
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• 2009

This study investigates the influences of the impulse buying tendency of consumers, apparel price and scarcity messages on purchasing behavior at the time of purchase on the internet. This study was comprised of 2 (impulse buying: high versus low) $\times$ 2 (price of Internet purchase products: high apparel price versus low apparel price) $\times$ 2 (scarcity message: quantity scarcity message versus time scarcity message) with three mixed elements. The subjects of this study were 400 college students in the Seoul and Gyeonggi area. A total of 95 students who had a high tendency for impulsive purchase and 104 who had a low tendency participated in the survey. Data are analyzed by factor analysis, T-test, and ANOVA. The results of this study are as follows. 1. At the time of group buying on the Internet, impulse buying tendency, apparel price, and scarcity message had a statistically significant interaction effect on consumer preferences. 2. At the time of purchase on the Internet, impulse buying tendency, apparel price, and scarcity message did not have a statistically significant interaction effect on the intention of consumers to make a purchase. However, there was a significant difference in the intention to make a purchase based on impulse buying tendency and apparel price.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.261-261
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• 1994

Bovine milk xanthine oxidase (E.C.1.1.3.22, XO) purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. had the three protein fragments below 150 kDa on 7.5％ SDS-PAGE, which did not show enzyme activity. To remove these fragments, the enzyme preparation was further purified through Sephadex G-200 column chromatography. Two peaks exhibiting enzymatic activity were separated very closely to the void volume, which were revealed as two different enzyme forms, dimeric and monomeric, confirmed by activity staining on native PAGE. Anti sera-against each of the two enzyme forms were raised by subcutaneous injection at multiple sites on the back of rabbits during 4 weeks. On the immunodiffusion test, it was found that both of the antisera of the two forms could react with each other, which implied that their epitopes were identical In the Western blot analysis of mouse liver cytosol fraction, it was found that rabbit anti-XO antibody bound well with the protein band of monomeric mouse liver XO of about 150kDa. Based on this result, mouse liver cDNA 1 ibrary was screened by in situ hybridizat ion wi th rabbi t anti -XO antibody as probe. Through the immunological screening, recombinant phages giving positive signal by the production of XO were selected and further purified. To validate these clones, purified phages were lysogenized in E. coli Y1089 and their lysates were analysed for enzyme activity and immunoreactivity, It was verified that lysates of the purified recombinant phage lysogens exhibited the enzymatic activity as well as bound wi th XO antibody, when induced by IPTG. The above results assert that selected recombinant phage carries mouse liver XO gene.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.274-287
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Motivational Interviewing(MI) training program on communication skill and self-efficacy of home visiting nurses(HVNs). Methods: This study has a mixed-methods design that includes a one-group pre-post test study and focus group interviews(N=23). From April 16th to June 11th in 2014, total six two-hour sessions of MI training program were provided to the participants. The quantitative outcomes were collected using Global Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale(GICC-15) and Self-efficacy Scale, and the qualitative data were obtained by 5 focus group interviews. Group pre-post changes were evaluated by paired t-tests and the qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis method. Results: MI training program led to significant enhancement in communication skills(Z=-3.62, p<.001) and self-efficacy(Z=-3.67, p<.001). The qualitative study revealed that the participants had positive experiences to express empathy, support self-efficacy, and respect autonomy for their clients applying reflective-listening and affirmation skill. Conclusion: The HVNs who participated in the MI training program showed improved communication skills and self-efficacy in the quantitative and qualitative studies. A randomized clinical trial is needed to confirm the value of MI training program for HVNs.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 2009

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results between interlocking intramedullary nail with fibular fixation and nail only for treating distal tibiofibular diaphyseal fractures. Materials and Methods: From March 2003 to September 2006, 19 distal tibiofibular fractures were antegrade nailed after anatomical reduction and fixation of fibular fractures, and another 37 fractures fixed with nails only. Average age of patients was 48.6 years. These two groups were compared by VAS (visual analogue scale) & ankle ROM according to degree of comminution and fracture configuration. The statistical analysis was evaluated by t-test. Results: There was no statistical difference between fibular fixation group and non-fixation group in VAS score according to fracture comminution and configuration (p>0.05). However, compared according to fracture configuration, mean ankle eversion of fibular fixation group in oblique fractures was 18.3 degrees, and that of non-fixation group was 12.5 degrees (p<0.05). In addition, mean ankle plantar flexion, dorsiflexion, inversion and total ankle ROM of fibular fixation group in spiral fractures was 40.0, 20.0, 30.0 and 108.3 degrees of each and that of non-fixation group was 38.3, 18.5, 27.0 and 101.7 degrees (p<0.05). Conclusions: In oblique and spiral fractures of distal tibiofibular diaphysis, interlocking intramedullary nail with fibular fixation had the advantage in postoperative ankle ROM. So, it can be a worthy method for the treatment of distal tibiofibular diaphyseal fractures.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.232-235
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• 2013

Objective : Major complaints of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) are sensory components. However, motor deficit also impedes functional status of hand. Contrary to evaluation of sensory function, the objective, quantitative evaluation of median nerve motor function is not easy. The motor function of median was evaluated quantitatively using load cell and its correlation with findings of electrodiagnostic study (EDS) was evaluated. Methods : Objective motor function of median nerve was evaluated by load cell and personal computer-based measurement system. All of the measurement was done in patients diagnosed as having idiopathic CTS by clinical features and EDS findings. The strength of thumb abduction and index finger flexion was measured in each hand three times, and the average value was used to calculate thumb index ratio (TIR). The correlation of TIR with clinical, EDS, and ultrasonographic findings were evaluated. Results : The TIR was evaluated in 67 patients (119 hands). There were 14 males and 53 females, mean age were 57.6 years (range 28 to 81). The higher preoperative nerve conductive studies grade of the patients, the lower TIR was observed [p<0.001, analysis of variance (ANOVA)]. TIR of cases with thenar atrophy were significantly lower than those without (p<0.001, t-test). TIR were significantly lower in patients with severe median nerve swelling in ultrasonography (p=0.042, ANOVA). Conclusion : Measurements of median nerve motor function using load cell is a valuable evaluation tool in CTS. It might be helpful in detecting subclinical motor dysfunction before muscle atrophy develops.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.127-139
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships among the elderly's self-esteem and life-adjustment according to decision-making power in their family. Interview survey was conducted and were selected. 296 over age 60 who lived in Jeonju. Frequencies, Percentiles, Pearson's correlation, t-test, ANOVA and Duncan's method were utilized for data analysis. The findings of this study were as follows ; 1) Decision-making power of the elderly in family had significant differences according to sex, coresiding with married children, and the sum of monthly personal expenses. 2) Elderly's self-esteem had significant differences according to sex, the present job, the situation of a spouse, and the sum of the monthly personal expenses. 3) Elderly's life-adjustment had significant difference according to residence type, the present job, the situation of a spouse, religion, education, and the sum of the monthly personal expenses. 4) Clothing and food in family had significant differences according to sex. 5) The elderly men's self-esteem had positive relationship with housing, sons and daughters guidance, grandchildren care, and family event and etc. But the elderly women's self-esteem had positive relationship with food, grandchildren care, and family event and etc. 6) The elderly men's life-adjustment had positive relationship with clothing, food, housing, family economy, sons and daughters guidance, grandchildren care, and family event and etc. But the elderly women's life-adjustment had positive relationship with food, housing, sons and daughters guidance, grandchildren care, and family event and etc.