• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.123-132
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• 2000

In order to improve the ship maneuverability, It is important to estimate precisely the hydrodynamic coefficients of added mass forces acting on a ship especially in shallow waters, and simple methods for predicting such hydrodynamic forces Is also very desirable. In the previous paper using 3-Dimension potential flow theory, it has been demonstrated that potential calculation is available to estimate added mass coefficients. The present work is aimed at the suggestion of the simplified formulas for predicting the translation and lateral motion of added mass coefficients in shallow water. So, 3-D potential flow theory is also used to calculate the added mass coefficients in deep and shallow waters for Series 60 model which has 5 different kinds of block coefficients (0.6-0.8), SR196 model and T/S HANNARA. After some series computation, simplified formulas for Predicting the added mass force in shallow waters is suggested based on the computation results of Series 60 model. The formulas consist of the combination of principal dimensions and the water depth; d/B, Cb, d/H. The predicted results are compared with the Computation results for SR196 model and T/S HANNARA. The precision of predicted results by simplified formulas are good enough for the practical use. (d/B : draft-Breadth ratio, d/H draft-Water depth ratio, Cb : Block coefficients).

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2002

Stink bug, Canthecona furcellatta (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an important predator of silkworm larvae. Nymphs and adult attack the early stage silkworm larvae and causes about 10-15 per cent loss to silk industry. Synthetic organic pesticides has tremendous impact on minimizing the pest population but repeated and frequent use has created problems of residual toxicity, development of resistance to insecticides, pest resurgence and out break, phyto-toxicity and hazards to non target species and beneficial organism. Silkworms are very sensitive to pesticides; therefore, attempt has made to control the bug population through introduction of its native natural enemies in the silkworm-rearing field. Biological control has tremendous scope in sericulture because it is eco-friendly in nature and non-harmful farmers. Native natural enemies have been screened. Psix striaticeps, Trissolcus spp. and Telenomus spp. have been recorded as the most potential parasitoid against pentatomid bug. Life cycle, sex ratio and other various attributes of the par-asitoids have been recorded. The parasitization potential of the parasitoid is very high and they have the ability to discriminate between parasitized and unpar-asitized host. Mass propopagation technique under laboratory condition has been standaydized.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.441-465
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• 2015

This paper presents the experimental results of flexural and compression steel members strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) sheets. In the flexural test, the five specimens were fabricated and the test parameters were the number of CFRP ply and the ratio of partial-length bonded CFRP sheets of specimen. The CFRP sheet strengthened steel beam had failure mode: CFRP sheet rupture at the mid span of steel beams. A maximum increase of 11.3% was achieved depending on the number of CFRP sheet ply and the length of CFRP sheet. In the compression test, the nine specimens were fabricated and the main parameters were: width-thickness ratio (b/t), the number of CFRP ply, and the length of the specimen. From the tests, for short columns it was observed that two sides would typically buckle outward and the other two sides would buckle inward. Also, for long columns, overall buckling was observed. A maximum increase of 57% was achieved in axial-load capacity when 3 layers of CFRP were used to wrap HSS columns of b/t = 60 transversely.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1633-1637
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• 2014

Background: Lymphoma is a malignant neoplasm of lymphoid tissue classified into Hodgkin's and non- Hodgkin's types. It mostly affects lymph nodes although a considerable proportion of Non-Hodgkin's cases occur in extranodal sites. Materials and Methods: Selected cases diagnosed as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) during the period of 1980 to 2012 were retrieved from the archives of the Oral Pathology Diagnostic Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya. The sections from the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue blocks were stained with H&E as well as with LCA, CD20, and CD3. Results: The mean age was 41.6 years with a male: female ratio of 1.3:1. Out of the forty two cases, nineteen were Malays, eighteen were Chinese, followed by Indians (3) and Indonesians (2). The most common site of involvement was the mandible (22.2%), followed by the maxilla and palate (19.4% each). Most of the lesions presented as a painless progressive swelling. Only thirty six cases were further subdivided into B or T cell types. The majority were B-cell type (26 cases), of these 6 cases were Burkitt's lymphomas. Only ten cases were T-cell lymphoma, with three cases of NK/T-cell lymphoma. Conclusions: In this series of 42 patients diagnosed as extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, the lesions appeared as painless swellings, mostly in men with the mandible as the most frequent site of involvement. Majority were B-cell lymphomas with Malays and Chinese being equally affected whereas lymphomas were rare in the Indian ethnicity. T-cell lymphomas were found to be common in the Chinese ethnic group.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.74-78
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• 1976

In this paper, the author experimented, by using the C. F. R. engine, how the functions of engine is changed when the compression ratio is raised. In the process of these experiments, by using three kinds of fuel, such as cetane number 95, 61, 33, and set the engine speed as 900 r. p. m., fuel injection time is determined as B. T. D. C. $13^{\circ}$. As the result of test, the best compression ratio is disernable in proportion to each fuel, and acknowledges that if the higher compression ratio were to exist other than the above one, efficiency of heat gets rather lower, and that the maximum output of engine decreases. Andthe best compression ratio changed according to supply calorie per each hour, and this change is more remarkable in the fuel of low cetane number. Consequently, the best compression ratio cannot be regardless of output in the fuel of low cetane number.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.30 no.7
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• pp.606-613
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• 2020

This study investigated the effect of olive oil substitution ratio on physicochemical quality of pork patty. Five treatments were performed as follows: control (T0, 20% pork fat), T1 (pork fat 15% and olive oil gel 5%), T2 (pork fat 10% and olive oil gel 10%), T3 (pork fat 5% and olive oil gel 15%), and T4 (olive oil gel 20%). The moisture increased and fat amount was decreased in proportion to olive oil substitution ratio. The L^* and a^* values were highest levels in raw and cooked pork patty of T0, and the b^* value was highly enhanced in of cooked pork patty of T4. The water holding capacity, moisture and fat retention were significantly increased, and the cooking loss, diameter reduction and shrinkage ratio were decreased by olive oil substitution ratio. The hardness, springiness and chewiness showed the highest level in T4, and the cohesiveness and gumminess were highest in T0. The reduction ratio of cholesterol in T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 13.8%, 21.6%, 34.5% and 49.0%, respectively, indicating that the content was lowest level in T4. The palmitic acid was the most abundant saturated fatty acid, and the oleic acid was the most abundant unsaturated fatty acid. The unsaturated fatty acid of pork patty was increased in proportion to olive oil substitution ratio. Therefore, the olive oil gel substitution of low-fat pork patty results in a positive effect on the physicochemical qualities due to reduced cholesterol and saturated fatty acids.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.229-236
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• 2003

This pot experiment was conducted in order to observe the effects of application of combined micronutrients(T$_1$: control. T$_2$; Fe, T$_3$; Fe+Mn, T$_4$； Fe＋Mn＋Cu, T$_{5}$; Fe+Mn+Cu＋Zn, T$_{6}$；Fe+Mn+Cu＋Zn+Mo, T$_{7}$； Fe+Mn+Cu+Zn+Mo+B) on forage performance of pure and mixed cultures of orchardgrass and white clover. The first part was concerned with the changes in the growth, summer depression, and flowering of forage plants. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The T$_3$and T$_{6}$ resulted in a wide chlorosis induced by the Fe-deficiency on orchardgrass. Chlorosis was significantly reduced by the T$_4$and T$_{5}$, whereas the T$_{7}$, T$_2$, and T$_1$showed normal growth without chlorosis symptoms. The T$_{7}$ resulted in the best growth of orchardgrass both in the pure and mixed swards. There was no chlorosis symptom on white clover. whereas the T$_1$, T$_2$and T$_{7}$ showed a relatively good growth with deep green leaf-colour compared with the other treatments in the pure culture. 2. In summer, a summer depression occurred in orchardgrass: this was significantly reduced by the T$_1$and T$_{7}$. The treatments with chlorosis symptoms in orchardgrass partly induced a lodging. Summer depression in white clover did not occur. 3. In the pure culture, the T$_{7}$ and T$_2$in white clover resulted in many flowers and flower-buds compared with the other treatments. The T$_{7}$, especially, showed a long blooming period and an early full bloom compared with the other treatments, whereas the T$_{6}$ and is showed inferior numbers of them. Only the T$_{7}$ resulted in more flowers than flower-buds, and above 1 in the flower/flower-bud ratio except the T$_{6}$ in the mixed culture. 4. It was recognized that the chlorosis of Fe-deficiency occurred not only from the unsuitable ratios of Fe/Mn and Fe/Mo but also from the unsuitable mutual ratios among the cations(Fe, Mn, Cu and Mn), between the anions(Mo and B), and their total ion concentration. It was observed the multiple interactions of Fe${\times}$Mn${\times}$Mo${\times}$B, and the distinct role of B as a regulator.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.178-188
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• 2002

Constructed wetlands typically cost less to build and operate, and require less energy than standard mechanical treatment technology but they have similar performance to centralized wastewater treatment plants. Therefore, they were constructed especially many in rural areas, where are small villages but not industries. Plantless column tests were performed to investigate the possibility on using zeolite as a filter medium of constructed wetland for the wastewater treatment. Removal efficiency was $COD_{Cr}$ 94.63% T-P 41.41% and $NH_4^+-N$ 99.75% at hydraulic load 314 $L/m^2{\cdot}d$ and filtering height 100 cm filled with a zeolite mixture. This zeolite mixture consisted of 1 : 1 by volume of zeolites in the diameter range of 0.5 to 1 mm and 1 to 3 mm. Accordingly, hydraulic load 314 $L/m^2{\cdot}d$ was considered as optimal. Three zeolite mixtures were used to determine the optimal mixing ratio by volume of a zeolite (A) in the diameter range of 0.5 to 1 mm to a zeolite (B) in the diameter range of 1 to 3 mm 1 : 3, 1 : 1 and only B in A to B by volume were tested at hydraulic load 314 $L/m^2{\cdot}d$ and filtering height 100 cm $COD_{Cr}$ removal efficiency was more than 89% at mixing ratios of 1 : 3 and 1 : 1 in A to B. That of T-P ranged 56.42 to 58.72% and, that of T-N and $NH_4^+-N$ was 87% and 99% regardless of mixing ratios of two zeolites. Removal efficiency was lower at the column filled with only B. Removal efficiency was better at Inter medium filled with mixing ratio 1 : 1 in A to B than with the other mixing ratios. Thus, it was found that the mixture of mixing ratio 1 : 1 in A to B was appropriate far Inter medium of constructed wetland Removal efficiency was higher in down-flow than in up-flow, and all contaminants were removed most in 20 cm filter height near feeding area.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.683-690
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of high-b-values diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging for the preoperative detection of focal rectum cancers. 60patients with diffusion weighted imaging were evaluated for the presence of rectal cancers. Forty were male and twenty were female, and their ages ranged from 38 to 71 (mean, 56) years. Used equipment was 1.5Tesla MRI((GE, General Electric Medical System, Excite HD). Examination protocols were used the fast spin echo T2, T1 weighted imaging. All examination protocols were performed by the same location with diffusion weighted imaging for accuracy detection. The b-values used in DWI were 250, 500, 750, 1000. 1500, 2000$(s/mm^2)$. The rectum, bladder to tumor contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of MR images were quantitativlely analyzed using GE software Functool tool, four experienced radiologists and three radiotechnologists qualitatively evaluated image quality in terms of image artifacts, lesion conspicuity and rectal wall. These data were analysed by using ANOVA and Freedman test with each b-value(p<0.05). Contrast to noise ratio of rectum, bladder and tumor in b-value 1000 were 27.21, 24.44, respectively(p<0.05) and aADC value was $0.73\times10^{-3}$. As a qualitative analysis, the conspicuity and discrimination from the rectal wall of lesions were high results as $4.0\pm0.14$, $4.4\pm0.16$ on b-value 1000(p<0.05), image artifacts were high results as $4.8\pm0.25$ on b-value 2000(p<0.05). In conclusion, DWI was provided useful information with depicting the pre-operative detection of rectal cancers, High-b-value 1000 image was the most excellent DWI value.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.32-39
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• 2015

So far, square concrete filled tubular(CFT) columns have been used in a limited width thickness ratio. The reason is that local buckling occurs in steel tube easily. Once the local buckling occurs, the confinement effect of steel tube on concrete disappears. In this study, we developed welded built-up square steel tube with reinforcement which are placed at the center of the tube width acts as an anchor. 3 specimens of slender welded built-up square CFT columns and 3 specimens of slender welded built-up square steel tube columns were manufactured with parameters of width(B) of steel tube, width thickness ratio(B/t). we conducted a experimental test on the 6 specimens under eccentric load, and evaluated the structural resistance and behavior of 6 specimens.