• Language and Information
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 2005

The impersonal or psyc-predicate construction in Old English (=OE) poses a special challenge for most case theories in generative linguistics. In the OE impersonal construction, the experiencer argument is marked by dative, accusative, or nominative, whereas the theme is marked by nominative, genitive, or accusative, or by a PP. The combinations of possible cases for experiencer and theme are not random, bringing about daunting complexity for possible and impossible case frames. In this paper, I develop a conceptual semantic case theory (a la Jackendoff 1990, 1997, 2002; Yip, Maling, and Jackendoff 1987) to provide a unified account for the complicated case frames of the OE impersonal construction. In the conceptual semantic case theory, syntax and semantics have their own independent case assignment principles. For impersonal verbs in OE, I propose that UG leave an option of determining either syntactic or semantic case to lexical items. This proposal opens a new window for the OE impersonal construction, in that it naturally explains both possible and impossible case frames of the construction.

• Language and Information
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.35-53
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• 2001

As a subtype of English relative clause constructions, free relative constructions like what John ate in I ate what John ate exhibit complicated syntactic and semantic properties. In particular, the constructions have mixed properties of nominal and verbal: they have the internal syntax of sentence and the external syntax of noun phrase. This paper provides a constraint-based approach to these mixed constructions, and shows that simple constructional constraints are enough to capture their complexities. The paper begins by surveying the properties of the constructions. In discusses two types(Specific and nonspecific) of free relatives, their ,lexical restrictions nominal properties and behavior with respect to extraposition, piped piping and stacking Following these it sketches the basic framework of the HPSG(Head-driven Phrase Structure Grammar) which is of relevance in this paper. As the main part, the paper presents a constraint- based analysis in which tight interactions between grammatical constructions and a rich network of inheritance relations play important roles in accounting for the basic as well as complex properties of the constructions is question.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.385-402
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• 1992

용언 '같다'는 다양한 의미를 지니는데, 그 가운데 [동일]이나 [유사]를 나타내는 '같다' 구문은 '비교'의 논리가 적용되는 문장들로서 문장을 이루는 명사구의 의미 특성, 명사구 사이의 의미관계, 문장 유형등의 요소에 따라 의미 해석이 달라진다. 이 유형의 '같다' 구문은 특정 문형의 실현이 명사구들의 의미 관계에 따라 제약을 받으며, 또 실현되는 경우에도 [동일]이나 [유사]라는 [비교]의 의미를 갖지 못하고 [비유]의 의미를 나타내게 된다. 이러한 의미범주의 변화는, 특정조건하에서의 '비교'가 현실논리에서는 성립할 수 없는 반면 언어논리에서는 수용될 때 나타나는 두 논리간의 괴리를 보완하는 기제인 것으로 생각된다. 한편, [동일]이나 [유사]를 나타내는 '같다'와 [추측] 혹은 [불확실한 단정]을 나타내는 '같다'는 통사구조와 의미해석 논리에서 다른 양상을 보인다. 이들은 항상 '(-ㄴ/ㄹ) 것 같다'와 같은 구성양식을 갖는데, 그럼에도 불구하고 단문구조로 해석되는 것이다.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 1992.10a
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• pp.159-167
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• 1992

한국어는 그 자체의 특성 때문에 영어와는 또 다른 형태의 구문적인 애매성을 포함하고 있다. 이와 같은 구문의 애매성을 해결하기 위해서는 여러 가지의 정보가 필요할 것이다. 예를 들면, 품사정보의 세분류, 명사들의 의미 속성정보들이 그것이다. 본 논문은 한국어 문장의 구문적인 애매성을 해결하기에 앞서 먼저 한국어 문장에 어떤 형태의 애매성이 포함되어 있는 지를 조사.분석한 것이다. 본 논문에서는 구문적인 애매성을 효율적으로 분석하기 위한 수단으로 구문 그래프를 이용하였다. 한국어 문장에는 다품사에 의한 애매성, 조사구 부착에 관한 애매성, 복합 체언구에 관한 애매성, 부사구 부착에 관한 애매성, 관형어의 수식 범위에 관한 애매성이 있다. 이들 중에서 복합 체언구에 의한 애매성이 가장 많은 애매성을 가지고 있었다. 즉, 실험 대상문장에서 발생가능한 전체의 애매성의 62%가 복합체언구에 관한 것이다. 따라서 한국어에서는 복합체언구에 관한 구문 구조적인 애매성 해소가 가장 우선적으로 해결해야 할 과제이다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.71-80
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• 2002

Automatic language translation has greatly advanced due to the increased user needs and Information retrieval in WWW. This paper utilizes the integrated knowledge bases of noun and verb networks for automatic translation of ambiguous words in the Korean sentences, through the selectional restriction relation in the sentences. And this paper presents the method to verify validity of Korean noun semantic networks that are used for the construction of the selectional restriction relation by applying the networks to the syntactic and semantic properties Integration of Korean Noun Networks into the SENKOV system will provide the accurate and efficient knowledge bases for the semantic analysis of Korean NLP.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.1956-1964
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• 1989

In this paper, a new method of Hangul recognition is proposed to solve the problems of misrecognition owing to the contacts of FCEs (Fundamental Character Elements) in a Hangul pattern. Structures of FCFs are represented with PAG(Programmed Array Grammar) to recognize an input pattern on 2-D. array of pels., and the unnecessary deformation of the conventional approach can be eliminated by using PEACE parsing which extracts primitives and computes attributes in the course of analyzing the structure of an input pattern. Also, primitive transformation at contacts can afford to confirm all the possible structures of an input pattern and solve the problem of misrecognition owing to the contacts of FCEs. The recognition rate of proposed method for printed Hangul characters shows 96.2% for 1978 Gothic-letters and 92.0% for 1920 Myng-style-letters, respectively.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.1
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• pp.27-38
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• 1997

The differences in French Intonation between French and Korean learners can be applied to French intonation education. One native French speaker and three native Korean speakers who learned French language at High school were selected for this study. The subjects spoke test phrases based on the different syntactic structures. High-Speed speech Analysis system(RILP) was used for this experiment. The different intonation curves were showed at the end of phrase and at the beginning of phrase between French and Korean learners. At the end of phrases, French intonation appeared to have increasing and decending pitch contours in the case of wh-question, exclamation and finality. However, Korean learner's intonation showed only increasing pitch contours. At the beginning of phrase, French intonation shows decending pitch contours in the case of minor continuation and command. In contrast, Korean learner's intonation appeared to have increasing pitch contours. The new intonation training system using PC can have great effect on education of French as a second language.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2004.06a
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• pp.139-142
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• 2004

자연어 질의 문장을 입력하는 방법은 정보 검색 시스템 사용자에게 아주 이상적인 인터페이스이다. 검색을 위해 색인어를 입력하거나 불리언 질의식을 사용하는 것에 비해 훨씬 친밀하지만, 동일한 의도의 검색 요구에 대해서도 개인의 성향에 따라서 다양한 형태나 구조의 자연어 질의문장으로 입력될 수 있는 본질적인 특성이 있다. 본 논문은 자연어 질의문장을 입력으로 하는 검색 시스템을 위해 사용자의 입력 질의 문장을 분석하고 검색어를 확장하는 다중 검색 기법을 제안한다. 질의 문장에 대한 형태소 분석 및 구문 분석을 수행하고, 구문 트리를 순회하여 구조적으로 연관된 복합명사를 조합하거나 분할하고 이형 표기 용어와 축약 표기 용어들을 확장하여 다중 검색함으로써 재현율과 정확도를 높일 수 있다.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.87-90
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• 2003

In order to produce high quality synthesized speech, it is very important to get an accurate grapheme-to-phoneme conversion and prosody model from texts using natural language processing. Robust preprocessing for non-Korean characters should also be required. In this paper, we analyzed Korean texts using a morphological analyzer, part-of-speech tagger and syntactic chunker. We present a new grapheme-to-phoneme conversion method, i.e. a dictionary-based and rule-based hybrid method, for unlimited vocabulary Korean TTS. We constructed a prosody model using a probabilistic method and decision tree-based method.

• Language and Information
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.53-76
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• 2007

Case markers in Korean are omissible in colloquial speech. Previous discourse studies of Caseless bare NPs in Korean show that the information structure of zero Nominative not only differs from that of overt Nominative but it also differs from that of zero Accusative in many respects. This paper aims to provide a basis for these semantic/pragmatic properties of Caseless NPs through the syntactic difference between bare subjects and bare objects: namely, the former are left-dislocated NPs, whereas the latter form complex predicates with the subcategorizing verbs. Our analysis will account for the facts that (i) the distribution of bare subject NPs are more restricted than that of bare object NPs; (ii) bare subject NPs must be specific or topical; (iii) Acc-marked NPs in canonical position tend to be focalized.