• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.143-151
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• 2015

This study was aimed at investigating the syndrome differentiation and herbal medicine of Thromboangiitis Obliterans by reviewing Chinese traditional medicine's journals. The journal search was carried out using China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) and PubMed from September 2009 to August 2014. Searching key words were the various combination of "Thromboangiitis Obliterans", "traditional chinese medicine", "syndrome differentiation", "herbal medicine". The final selection of 33 studies were selected and summarized by researchers. The syndrome differentiation was classified as yang deficiency, cold syncope and blood stasis. The most frequently herbs were blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinals.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.124-128
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• 2014

Background: A closed pleural biopsy is commonly performed for diagnosing patients exhibiting pleural effusion if prior thoracentesis is not diagnostic. However, the diagnostic yield of such biopsies is unsatisfactory. Instead, a thoracoscopic pleural biopsy is more useful and less painful. Methods: We compared the diagnostic yield of needle thoracoscopic pleural biopsy performed under local anesthesia with that of closed pleural biopsy. Sixty-seven patients with pleural effusion were randomized into groups A and B. Group A patients were subjected to closed pleural biopsies, and group B patients were subjected to pleural biopsies performed using needle thoracoscopy under local anesthesia. Results: The diagnostic yields and complication rates of the two groups were compared. The diagnostic yield was 55.6% in group A and 93.5% in group B (p<0.05). Procedure-related complications developed in seven group A patients but not in any group B patients. Of the seven complications, five were pneumothorax and two were vasovagal syncope. Conclusion: Needle thoracoscopic pleural biopsy under local anesthesia is a simple and safe procedure that has a high diagnostic yield. This procedure is recommended as a useful diagnostic modality if prior thoracentesis is non-diagnostic.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.124-128
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• 1994

We report a case of antipsychotics induced torsade de pointes in a 42-year-old female schizophrenic patient. The patient had taken perphenazine 20 mg/day, chlorpromazine 100 mg/day, and trifluoperazine 15 mg/day irregularly for about 8 years. She experienced syncope and a few difficulties in breathing. On EKG(electrocardiography), QT interval was delayed and polymorphic QRS complexes and ventricular tachycardia were observed. Following a switch of the antipsychotics to haloperidol, known to have fewest effects on the cardiac rhythms among antipsychotics, the arhythymias disappeared. However after discharge, as dose of haloperidol was increased, the symptoms such as chest discomforts and syncopes reappeared. We concluded that the torsade de pointes was developed by antipsychotics. The most common cause of sudden death in patients receiving antipsychotic treatment appears to be ventricular tochycardia. Therefore, clinician should be well aware of the possible side effects of antipsychotics and be cautious in prescribing such drugs to their patients.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.274-279
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• 2002

The sick sinus syndrome refers to a combination of symptoms (dizziness, confusion, fatigue, syncope, and congestive heart failure) caused by sinus node dysfunction and marked sinus bradycardia, sinoarterial block, or sinus arrest. 'Abdominal pulsation' means a disagreeable symptom that is defined as sensation of beating at the abdomen. We experienced a 84 year-old female patient who had dizziness, fatigue, abdominal pulsation and frequent voiding. These symptoms were related to previous episodes and presumed sick sinus syndrome by symptoms, ECGs and 24 hrs of holter monitoring. In the point of Differentiation of Syndrome (辨證), this patient was diagnosed as 'Water retention(水氣)' and was administered with Yeonggyechulgam-tang(岺桂朮甘湯). After the treatment, abdominal pulsation (frequency) and dizziness (VAS) were improved. Futhermore, the interval of voiding was longer and each volume of urination increased.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.107-122
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• 1996

Apoplexy is a disease of a morbid condition manifested as sudden syncope, unconciousness, distortion of face, hemiplegia and dysphasia, usually seen in the middle-aged. The symptoms and signs before sudden onset are headache, dizziness, numbness of extremities, palpitation, etc. This study was performed to investige causes of disease, therapies and prescriptions by insect medicine through the successive medical literatures, recent chinese medical literatures and chinese medical journals. The results are as follows; 1. The treatment of apoplexy is divided into stage of attack and sequela. In stage of attack, the principal therapies of apoplexy are calming the liver, suppressed Yang, dissipate phlegm and elimination weatness. In sequela, the principal therapies of apoplexy are invigorating Qi, promote blood circulation and dredge collateral. 2. Insects medicine have more strong effect than herbal medicine, because apoplexy is a kind of critically desease. 3. Insects medicine is effective in a convalscent stage and sequela of apoplexy. The proper dosage for stage of attack is a small dose of insects medicine(about 2-4g), increse gradually. In convalscent stage, about 4g, in sequela, patients need a large dose of insects medicine(about 8g). 4. Hirudo used to remove stagnated blood and to disperse swelling for the treatment of severe cases of blood stasis, such as cerebral infarction, sequela of cerebrovascular accident, contused wounds. Lumbricus used to for the treatment of convulsions due to high fever, and for hemiplegia and hypertension. Scolopendra used to subdue the endogenous wind for the treatment of various kinds of tics, convulsions and tetanus, and it's character is strong because it will be effective Sthenia-Syndrome of apoplexy. Scorpio used to subdue the endogenous wind for the treatment of various kind of tics, convulsions, tetanus and sequela of cerebrovascular accident.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.40 no.12
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• pp.863-866
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• 2007

A 64 year-old woman presented to out hospital because of syncope. Transesophageal echocardiography showed a $4.2{\times}2.4\;cm$ hypervascular mass in the left atrium. We assessed the mass to be a myxoma and we planned to excise the mass. The preoperative coronary angiography showed a feeding artery with an inner diameter of 2mm originating from the left circumflex coronary artery, so we excised the mass and clipped the feeding artery with two clips at the epicardium with a good result.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.7-12
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• 2010

Purpose: 'White-eye blowout' fracture is often occur in young patients and defined as blow out fracture with little or no clinical sign of soft tissue trauma such as edema, ecchymosis, but with marked motility restrictions in vertical gaze. In this conditions, immediate operation is essential. We reported the clinical investigation study of these cases about clinical symptoms and radiologic findings and introduce our experiences about immediate operations in 'white-eye blowout' fractures. Methods: From January 2008 to December 2009, nine pediatric patients who were diagnosed as pure white-eye blowout fractures were involved this study. Patients with other facial bone fractures or with poor general medical condition were excluded. In all cases, we performed immediate operation within 48 hours. Results: All patients had diplopia, vertical gaze restriction or systemic symptoms. Six patients had nausea, vomiting and syncope caused by oculocardiac reflex. In all patients, preoperative symptoms were improved after immediate operation. There were no postoperative complications such as infection, hematoma or wound dehiscence. Conclusion: When we meet the young patients with history of periocular trauma, with little or no soft tissue trauma signs, but with marked vertical gaze restriction or general symptoms caused by oculocardiac reflex, we should immediately examine by facial bone computed tomography and refer the patient to ophthalmologist for ophthalmic evaluations. If patient is diagnosed as orbital floor fracture with entrapped muscle or soft tissue, the earlier surgical reduction get better clinical outcomes.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 1983

Fifty cases of open heart surgery were done in the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Busan National University Hospital during 16 months from July, 1981 to October, 1982. The clinical data were analyzed and summerized as follows. 1. There were 34 cases (68%) of congenital anomalies and 16 cases (32%) of acquired heart diseases. Among the congenital cases, 27 were acyanotic and 7 were cyanotic. All of the acquired heat diseases, 16 cases were valvular diseases and they had valvular replacement surgery. 2. The age distribution of the congenital anomalies ranged from 6 to 27 years with mean age of 14.2 years, and the acquired heart diseases from 18 to 44 years mean age of 27.5 years. The difference of sex distribution was no significance. 3. The clinical minifestations in acyanotic congenital anomalies were exertional dyspnea (81.5%), recurrent respiratory infection (55.6%) and palpitation (22.2%), and in cyanotic congenital anomalies were exertional dyspnea (100%), syncope(57.1%) and growth retardation(57.1%), and in acquired heart diseases were dyspnea(100%), edema (62.5%) and general weakness (62.5%) 4. During the cardiopulmonary bypass, mild to moderate core cooling was performed and added topical cooling for more accurate myocardial preservation. 5. Two kinds of cardioplegic solution used in our institute were Bretschneider solution for the first 7 cases and mixed Harmann's solution 1 L with glucose 5gm, potassium chloride 26 mEq and sodium bicarbonate 24 mEq, making 376 mosmol/L and pH 8.3 at $25^{\circ}C$, for the rest 43 cases. 6. Various kinds of postoperative complications occurred in 14 cases (28%) and showed overall mortality 12%. The mortality along with each disease was 7.4% in congenital acyanotic cases, 42.9% in congenital cyanotic cases and 6.3% in acquired valvular diseases. 7. Pre-and postoperative diagnostic incompatibility was seen in 6 cases (12%). 8. The artificial valves used in the replacement surgery were lonescu-Shiley bovine xenograft in 6 cases and Carpentier-Edwards porcine xenograft in 10 cases.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.350-354
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• 1979

The incidence of congenital aortic valvular stenosis has been known rare, and approximately 3-6% of congenital heart diseases. Recently, we experienced 1 case of congenital aortic valvular stenosis, and which was corrected surgically under extracorporeal circulation successfully. A 11 years old male pt. was admitted to N.M.C. because of dyspnea, dizziness, chest pain and episode of syncope. An auscultation, harsh systolic murmur [Gr. IV/VI] was noted at aortic area and also palpable strong thrill. ECG showed LVH c strain pattern and suspicious LVH finding in simple chest P-A film. In Lt. cardiac catheterization, abrupt pressure change [110mmHg] between LV & Aorta was noted across the aortic valve. And aortic insufficiency was absent, well visualized both coronary arteries and suspicious bicuspid aortic valve in aortography. Valve form was bicuspid, large one was noncoronary cusp and another cusp was Rt. & Lt. coronary cusp which was interpositioned rudimentary commissure. Central aortic orifice was about 5ram in diameter. Valvulotomy was done along the fusioned commissure between noncoronary cusp and Rt. & Lt.coronary cusp, and then short incision was added between Rt. coronary cusp & Lt. coronary cusp. Immediate postoperative course smooth but unknown cardiac arrest was noted in POD second day. Complete recovery was done without sequelae by resuscitation. After operation, clinical symptoms were subsided but systolic murmur [Gr. II/VI] was audible at aortic area, diastolic murmur was absent. ECG showed still remained LVH but much decreased R wave voltage in Lt. precordial leads. Simple chest P-A showed no interval changes compared to preop film. Control Lt. heart catheterization revealed still remained pressure gradient [40ramrig] between LV & Aorta. But much decreased pressure gradient compared to preop pressure gradient [110mmHg].

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.636-639
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• 2008

An abnormal origin of the right coronary artery can be responsible for sudden death, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia and syncope, and it may be associated with the accelerated development of atherosclerotic disease. The mechanisms of ischemia in the case of an abnormal origin of the right coronary artery are currently unclear and several surgical methods have been proposed to treat this malady. Multidetector Computed Tomography shows the course of the abnormal coronary artery, it helps to clarify the mechanism of the ischemia and it aids in choosing the best surgical approach. We report here on a case of acute myocardial infarction with an abnormal origin of the right coronary artery. Coronary artery bypass grafting was subsequently carried out to treat this patient.