• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.30-33
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• 2013

Objective : To suggest a new useful diagnostic technique, principles of the selective excitation technique-magnetic resonance images (Proset-MRI), and to know the precise radiologic findings that can prove symptomatic foraminal and extraforaminal stenosis at L5-S1. Methods : Nineteen patients with symptomatic L5-S1 stenosis were checked by Proset-MRI. Four patients were performed decompressive surgery and 15 patients were performed selective nerve root block (SNRB) at L5. The pain scale of patients was checked by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores at the pre- and post-treatment state. Results : Proset-MRI findings of patients with symptomatic stenosis are root swelling (RS) and indentation. The comparisons with VAS scores had a meaningful statistical result at each RS (p<0.01) and indentation (p<0.01). However, the findings of RS combined with indentation lacked statistical significance (p=0.0249). In addition, according to a comparison with the treatment modalities, reducing of VAS scores had statistical meaningful significance in decompressive surgery cases (p<0.01), and also in SNRB cases (p<0.01) after a 3-month follow-up period. Conclusion : The three dimensional Proset-MRI is very useful and sensitive technique to diagnose the symptomatic foraminal and extraforaminal stenosis at L5-S1.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2010

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently the most common agent of congenital infection and the leading infectious cause of brain damage and hearing loss in children. Symptomatic congenital CMV infections usually result from maternal primary infection during early pregnancy. One half of symptomatic infants have cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID), which is characterized by involvement of multiple organs, in particular, the reticuloendothelial and central nervous system (CNS). Moreover, such involvement may or may not include ocular and auditory damage. Approximately 90% of infants with congenital infection are asymptomatic at birth. Preterm infants with perinatal CMV infection can have symptomatic diseases such as pneumonia, hepatitis, and thrombocytopenia. Microcephaly and abnormal neuroradiologic imaging are associated with a poor prognosis. Hearing loss may occur in both symptomatic and asymptomatic infants with congenital infection and may progress through childhood. Congenital infection is defined by the isolation of CMV from infants within the first 3 weeks of life. Ganciclovir therapy can be considered for infants with symptomatic congenital CMV infection involving the CNS. Pregnant women of seronegative state should be counseled on the importance of good hand washing and other control measures to prevent CMV infection. Heat treatment of infected breast milk at $72{^{\circ}C}$ for 5 seconds can eliminate CMV completely.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.163-171
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• 2017

Purpose: Although stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is widely used therapeutic technique, predictive factors of radiation pneumonitis (RP) after SABR remain undefined. We aimed to investigate the predictive factors affecting RP in patients with primary or metastatic lung tumors who received SABR. Materials and Methods: From 2012 to 2015, we reviewed 59 patients with 72 primary or metastatic lung tumors treated with SABR, and performed analyses of clinical and dosimetric variables related to symptomatic RP. SABR was delivered as 45-60 Gy in 3-4 fractions, which were over 100 Gy in BED when the ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ value was assumed to be 10. Tumor volume and other various dose volume factors were analyzed using median value as a cutoff value. RP was graded per the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.03. Results: At the median follow-up period of 11 months, symptomatic RP was observed in 13 lesions (12 patients, 18.1%), including grade 2 RP in 11 lesions and grade 3 in 2 lesions. Patients with planning target volume (PTV) of ${\leq}14.35mL$ had significantly lower rates of symptomatic RP when compared to others (8.6% vs. 27%; p = 0.048). Rates of symptomatic RP in patients with internal gross tumor volume (iGTV) >4.21 mL were higher than with ${\leq}4.21mL$ (29.7% vs. 6.1%; p = 0.017). Conclusions: The incidence of symptomatic RP following treatment with SABR was acceptable with grade 2 RP being observed in most patients. iGTV over 4.21 mL and PTV of over 14.35 mL were significant predictive factors related to symptomatic RP.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.62-77
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to anaylze randomized controlled trials on the effectiveness of herbal medicine for hyperemesis gravidarum. Methods: We searched the randomized controlled trials that intervented oral herbal medicine treatment on hyperemesis gravidarum retrieved using seven domestic and foreign databases. Literature search was conducted on April 19, 2021. Results: 185 studies were searched, and 7 were finally selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. All subjects were treated with western symptomatic treatment and in treatment group, additional oral herbal medicine was administered. Although the evaluation index was different for each study, all the indexes in the treatment group were significantly improved compared to the control group. Conclusions: Herbal medicine treatment for hyperemesis gravidarum showed significant effectiveness compared to western symptomatic treatment. In the future, additional studies are needed to evaluate the safety of herbal medicine treatment.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.191-194
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• 2012

Tarlov or perineural cysts are nerve root cysts found most commonly at the sacral spine level arising between covering layers of the perineurium and the endoneurium near the dorsal root ganglion and are usually asymptomatic. Symptomatic sacral perineural cysts are uncommon but sometimes require surgical treatment. A 69-year-old male presented with pain in the buttock. He was diagnosed as having a sacral cyst with magnetic resonance imaging. For the nonoperative diagnosis and treatment, caudal peridurography and block were performed. After the treatment, the patient's symptom was relieved. We suggest a caudal peridural block is effective in relieving pain from a sacral cyst.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.5
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• pp.226-230
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• 2016

Purpose: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) occurs in pediatric patients when reflux of gastric contents presents with troublesome symptoms. The present study compared the effects of omeprazole and ranitidine for the treatment of symptomatic GERD in infants of 2-12 months. Methods: This study was a clinical randomized double-blind trial and parallel-group comparison of omeprazole and ranitidine performed at Children Training Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. Patients received a standard treatment for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, the patients with persistent symptoms were enrolled in this randomized study. Results: We enrolled 76 patients in the present study and excluded 16 patients. Thirty patients each were included in group A (ranitidine) and in group B (omeprazole). GERD symptom score for groups A and B was $47.17{\pm}5.62$ and $51.93{\pm}5.42$, respectively, with a P value of 0.54, before the treatment and $2.47{\pm}0.58$ and $2.43{\pm}1.15$, respectively, after the treatment (P=0.98). No statistically significant differences were found between ranitidine and omeprazole in their efficacy for the treatment of GERD. Conclusion: The safety and efficacy of ranitidine and omeprazole have been demonstrated in infants. Both groups of infants showed a statistically significant decrease in the score of clinical variables after the treatment.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.38-40
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• 2004

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.71-73
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.183-187
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• 2020

Perineural cysts are usually discovered incidentally; only approximately one percent of such cysts are symptomatic. Symptomatic cervical perineural cysts, of which only five case reports have been found in the literature, are extremely rare and there is no consensus regarding treatment. When a cervical perineural cyst is discovered in a patient with cervical radiculopathy without the cause of other apparent compression, the cyst can be considered as a possible cause of cervical radiculopathy. In such cases, non-surgical conservative treatment can be considered before any surgical intervention. We reported the successful treatment of case of a 40-year-old woman with a symptomatic cervical perineural cyst by oral steroids and transforaminal epidural steroid injection.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.353-359
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentrations of Leukotriene B4 in relation to the clinical symptom of pulpitis in human dental pulp. Pulps obtained from 3 groups of teeth: normal uniflamed teeth(N=22), asymptomatic teeth with deep caries or large restorations(N = 21) and symptomatic teeth with the clinical diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis(N = 15). Pulps were dissected from normal un inflamed teeth and extirpated from asymptomatic and symptomatic teeth during routine endodontic treatment and stored in liquid nitrogen ($-70^{\circ}C$). The levels of Leukotriene B4 in individual or pooled pulps were measured by radioimmunoassay and the mean levels of each group were compared statistically(Kruskall-Wallis oneway ANOVA test). The results were as followings : 1. In normal pulp, low levels of Leukotriene B4 were measured. 2. In pulps from asymptomatic and symptomatic teeth had significantly higher levels of Leukotriene B4 than normal pulps(p<0.01). 3. The levels of Leukotriene B4 in pulps from symptomatic teeth were significantly higher than those of pulps from asymptomatic teeth(p<0.01). These results suggest that Leukotriene B4 play a cretain role in inflammatory process of dental pulp and have a relationship with clinical symptoms of pulpitis.