• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7153-7158
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• 2014

Background: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients demonstrate multiple symptoms in diagnosis and treatment processes. This cross-sectional descriptive study aimed to determine the symptoms and symptom clusters in such patients receiving chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on a total of 110 inpatients and outpatients receiving treatment in 7 hospitals in Ankara, Turkey. A questionnaire form and the Memorial Symptom Assessment Scale (MSAS) were applied. Percentages, means, t test, one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and cluster analysis were used for statistical analyses. Results: The most prevalent symptoms in this study were lack of energy, hair loss and change in the way food tastes. The most severe symptoms were hair loss, change in the way food tastes and constipation. The top three most distressing symptoms were taste change, constipation and mouth sores. Seven symptom clusters were determined in this study. Conclusions: Findings of the study will provide an understanding of symptom experiences of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma patients receiving chemotherapy and will guide determining appropriate nursing interventions. Receiving care of desired quality will contribute to increasing quality of life of affected individuals.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2006

Purpose: This study aimed to explore changes in symptom distress and functional status in gynecologic cancer patients during the entire treatment cycles of chemotherapy. Methods: A prospective and longitudinal study with repeated measures was designed. Symptom Distress Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status Index were included in a daily log developed for self-administration. A total of 39 patients with a mean age of 48.4 years participated. Results: The levels of symptom distress and functional status changed significantly over the six cycles. Symptom distress kept increasing until its peak at the fourth cycle, while the functional status scored lowest at the first cycle, then it improved as the cycle repeated. In each cycle, symptom distress was marked higher during the first 6 days accompanying poor functional status. However, both changes did not recover completely until the end of each cycle. Conclusion: Nursing assessment and intervention need to be provided based on these changing patterns to help cancer patients cope and adjust successfully during the long treatment period. Further studies are needed to examine the impact of the major symptoms on psychological responses, quality of life, and outcomes of the cancer treatments.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.470-478
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• 2002

Purpose: In this study, symptom experience and quality of life(QoL) in patients with Bronchial asthma(BA) and Bronchiectasis(BRC) were examined to develop nursing strategies. Method: Data collection was done with 61 outpatients with BA and 43 outpatients with BRC in January and February, 2001. Data analyses were performed using SPSS Win 8.0. Result: The mean scores of symptom experience were 11.3 and 10.8 in patients with BA and BRC, respectively. The mean score of QoL was 18.0 in patients with BA and 19.2 in patients with BRC. There were statistically significant differences in the score of the symptom experience according to sex and occupation in patients with BA, and to the religion and occupation in patients with BRC. The mean score of QoL had significant difference according to the income in patients with BA, but had no significant differences in patients with BRC. The score of QoL had significantly correlated with the degree of symptom experience in patients with BA(p=.000) and with BRC(p=.022). Conclusion: The degree of symptom experience negatively correlated with QoL. Therefore, symptoms experienced by patients should be considered in development of nursing strategies for patients with BA and BRC.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.333-343
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was designed to construct a structural model for symptom management of life of the patients with chronic fatigue. The hypothetical model was developed based on the literature review and Self-regulating Model. Method: Data were collected by questionnaires from 252 patients with chronic fatigue in the 8 community from December 2002 to April 2003 in Seoul. Data analysis was done with SAS for descriptive statistics and PC-LISREL Program for Covariance structural analysis. Result: The fit of the hypothetical model to the data was moderate, thus it was modified by excluding 4 path and including free parameters and 3 path to it The modified model with path showed a good fitness to the empirical data($x^2$=318.11, p=0.0, GFI=.98, AGFI=.98, NNFI=.95, RMSR=.03, RMSEA=.05). The symptoms of stress, self-efficacy, and present fatigue level were found to have significant direct effect on symptom management of the patients with chronic fatigue. The ways of coping, perceived stress, and fatigue symptom were found to have indirect effects on symptom management of the patients with chronic fatigue. Conclusion: The derived model is considered appropriate in explaining and predicting symptom management of the patients with chronic fatigue. Therefore, it can effectively be used as a reference model for further studies and suggested direction in nursing practice.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.728-736
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• 2005

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to identify direct, mediating, and moderating relationships of mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function in Korean women with breast cancer based upon a middle-range theory of unpleasant symptoms. Methods. This study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. A convenience sample of 125 women receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer was recruited from a university hospital in South Korea. The women completed questionnaires on mood disturbance, symptom experience, and attentional function using the Linear Analogue Self-Assessment Scale, the Symptom Experience Scale, and the Attentional Function Index, respectively. Results. Each mood disturbance and symptom experience showed a significant relationship with attentional function. Symptom experience did not act as a mediator between mood disturbance and attentional function, but it did act as a moderator: patients with a higher level of mood disturbance exhibited a lower level of attentional function when their symptoms were at the level of medium, but not when their symptoms were either high or low. Conclusion. This suggests that clinical interventions for attenuating the influence of mood disturbance on attentional function may be effective only in women experiencing medium level of symptoms.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.120-134
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• 2021

Purpose: The reproductive health of women in early adulthood can affect pregnancy, childbirth, and menopause in later life. Menstrual symptoms not only affect daily life, but are also a reflection of a woman's reproductive health. This study was conducted to explore the factors affecting menstrual symptoms among university students. Methods: The general characteristics, life style, menstrual characteristics, stress, and menstrual symptom of 177 female students were assessed through an online survey at one university. An independent sample t-test, one-way variance analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed using the SPSS 22.0 program. Results: The menstrual symptom score was 91.68±32.11 points, and the score of 'mood change' was the highest. Stress (��=.38, p<.001), amount of menstruation (��=.20, p=.001), menarche age (��=-.18, p=.003), health problems (��=.16, p=.010), and age (��=.15, p=.016) were found to have a significant effect on menstrual symptom, and the explanatory power of the regression model was 40%. Conclusion: This study investigated the degree and influencing factors of menstrual symptom using the Korean Menstrual Symptom Scale (KMSS) developed for Korean university students. Among the factors influencing menstrual symptom, stress appeared to play a significant role. Stress management, observation of menstrual characteristics, and general health care are necessary to maintain a woman's reproductive health.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Pathology Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.137.1-137
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• 2003

A pepper strain of Cucumber mosaic virus (Pf-CMV) induces a mild chlorotic spot symptom in zucchini squash at 9 days post-inoculation (dpi), wile Fny strain of CMV causes severe mosaic and stunting symptom at 4 dpi in this host. Pseudorecombinants were constructed between the two strains, and assessments of symptom severity were indicated that both RNA2 and RNA3 were responsible for both mildness and the slow appearance of symptom elicited by Pf-CMV in zucchini squash. With various RNA2 and RNA3 chimeras between two strains of CMV, the genetic symptom determinants of phenotype of Pf-CMV were mapped to Tyr residue at positions amino acid 267 in 2a protein and at positions amino acid 168 in 3a movement protein (MP). Chimeras changed the sequences (both changed Tyr to lie) in the codons of both amino acid 168 of 3a MP and amino acid 267 of 2a protein were resulted in the high RNA accumulation, severity of symptom, and the rapid systemic spread, suggesting that 2a replicase as well as MP is involved in virus movement. The RNA accumulation pattern of all pseudorecombinants and chimeras are identical in protoplast of zucchini squash, indicating the virus movement is responsible for the phenotypes of two CMV strains rather than virus replication.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2015

Objective : This study is aimed to report the outcomes of the treatment of a patient with tinnitus during 6 month. Methods : Basic patient's data was analyzed as a CARE guideline. And related symptom was measured with VAS. Results : The symptom of tinnitus reduced from 10 to 2 on VAS. And the symptom of feeling cold get lower. Conclusions : Gyejigagalgeun-tang improved the symptom of tinnitus on this study.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.139-144
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• 2013

Advanced cancer patients tend to present multiple concurrent symptoms which are often moderate or severe in intensity. To date, the majority of studies have focused on either a single symptom, such as pain, fatigue, or depression or associated symptoms. While this approach has advanced understanding of some symptoms, it has offered clinicians not much guidance for treating several multiple concurrent symptoms in cancer patients. So in recent years, a few symptom management studies attempted a new approach of focusing on symptom clusters instead of individual symptoms. A symptom cluster is defined as two or more concurrent symptoms that are related to each other. If we better understand symptom clusters, interrelations of symptoms, and their common mechanisms in advanced cancer patients, clinicians can more effectively control multiple, concurrent symptoms and reduce drug side effects. And clinicians can also predict any other symptoms, functional performance, and the relationship between symptom clusters and survival in advanced cancer patients. At present, there is inconsistency in symptom clusters due to many unexplained mechanisms and various means to assess and analyze symptoms. Still, with further study, the approach to symptom clusters rather than individual symptoms could more effectively control symptoms and improve patients' quality of life.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.673-676
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Lactobacillus brevis G101 suppresses the absorption of monosodium glutamate (MSG) from the intestine into the blood in mice. Therefore, the attenuating effect of orally administered G101 on monosodium glutamate (MSG) symptom complex was investigated in humans MATERIALS/METHODS: Capsules (300 mg) containing Lactobacillus brevis G101 ($1{\times}10^{10}CFU/individual$) or maltodextrin (placebo) was orally administered in 30 respondents with self-recognized monosodium glutamate (MSG) symptom complex for 5 days and the rice with black soybean sauce containing 6 g MSG (RBSM) was ingested 30 min after the final administration. Thereafter, the MSG symptom complex (rated on a 5-point scale: 1, none; 5, strong) was investigated in a double blind placebo controlled study. The intensity of the MSG symptom complex was significantly reduced in respondents of the G101 intake group ($2.87{\pm}0.73$) compared to that in those treated with the placebo ($3.63{\pm}1.03$) (P = 0.0016). Respondents in the placebo group exhibited more of the various major conditions of the MSG symptom complex than in the G101 intake group. Although there was no significant difference in the appearance time of the MSG symptom complex between subjects orally administered G101 and those administered the placebo, its disappearance in < 3 h was observed in 69.9% of subjects in the G101 treatment group and in 38.0% of subjects in the placebo group (P = 0.0841). CONCLUSIONS: Oral administration of Lactobacillus brevis G101 may be able to reduce the intensity of the MSG symptom complex.