• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.121-126
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 단일 문맥자유 주목 연산자 (context-free attention operator)만을 계층적으로 적용하여 복잡배경의 인물 영상으로부터 여러 얼굴을 효과적으로 동시 검출하는 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 입력 영상을 피라미드 구조로 변환하고, 잡음에 강건한 주목 연산자를 전역적으로 적용하여 먼저 고속으로 얼굴이 존재할 후보영역들을 찾고, 다시 이 영역들에 국한하여 지역적인 주목 연산자를 적용하여 얼굴이 갖는 특징을 확인함으로써 얼굴임을 검증하였다. 복잡 배경 속에 여러 얼굴을 포함하는 여러 가지 인물 영상 데이터베이스에 대해 제안한 알고리즘을 적용한 결과 93.5%의 검출율을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Journal of Ceramic Processing Research
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• 제13권spc1호
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• pp.75-77
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• 2012

The AlGaN-based vertical light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on thick GaN epilayer were fabricated by a hydride vapor phase epitaxy with multi sliding boat system. The optical and electrical characteristics of AlGaN-based vertical LEDs were evaluated using a scanning electron microscopy, electroluminescence and I-V measurements. The AlGaN-based vertical LEDs structure has hexagonal symmetry, 500 ㎛ in diameter and above 67 ㎛ in growth thickness. At the room-temperature, the broaded strong peak and relatively high intensity peak were gradually measured at 405 nm with increasing injection current. And a forward operator voltage was measured to be about 7.5 V.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2010

Purpose: The zygoma is a key element which composes the facial contour. Zygomatic fracture induces facial asymmetry. We use radiologic evaluation or inspections mainly for identification of symmetry after reduction depressed zygomatic fracture. But the disadvantages of such methods are time-consuming and complicated process. So we tried to develop a new testing method with a ruler and a level. Methods: In unilateral depressed zygomatic fracture patient, parallel to the patient's head to make sure lay horizontaly. Put the leg of a ruler on the malar eminence so that it is at the same distance from the facial midline. Then take the level of malar eminence as put the level above the ruler. This process was performed before and after the reduction. Results: We were able to fix with plate and screw after checking the results of reduction fast and easily. Good results were obtained at post-operative radiologic evaluation. Conclusion: We can easily get the ruler and level around life. This method is not only simple but also shorttime process compared with other method-radiologic evaluation or inspection. And the operator can explain the results to the patients easily and objectively. Authors obtained the good results with this new method, and would introduce it for another method of identifying the result of reduction in depressed zygomatic fractures.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.161-165
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• 2011

Purpose: Zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fracture is one of the most common facial injuries after facial trauma. As ZMC composes major facial buttress, it is a key element of the facial contour. So, when we treat these fractures, the operator should have a concern with the symmetry to restore normal appearance and function. But sometimes, unfavorable results may occur. The aim of this study is to analyze the unsatisfied midfacial contour after ZMC fractures reduction retrospectively and to point out the notandum. Methods: 369 patients, treated for fractures of the ZMC were included in the study. After the operation, such as open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF with titanium or absorbable materials), open reduction, and closed reduction, midfacial contour was evaluated with plain films and 3-dimensional computed tomography. And unfavorable asymmetric midfacial contours were correcterd by secondary correction and re-evaluated. Gross photographs were obtained at outpatient clinic. Results: Total of 38 patients had got a facial asymmetry and among of them 24 patients were treated secondary revisional ORIF operations for correction of unfavorable result of after primary reduction. Two of them had received tertiary operations, three patients had got osteotomy more than after one year and six patients had got minor procedures. The etiology of asymmetry were lateral displaced simple fracture of arch (n=2), lateral displaced comminuted fracture of arch (n=6), comminuted arch fracture combined posterior root fracture (n=9), and communited arch and body fracture (n=12), severely contused soft tissue (n=9). After the manipulations outcomes were acceptable. Conclusion: To prevent the asymmetry in ZMC fracture reduction, complete analysis of fracture, choice of appropriate operation technique, consider soft tissue, and secure of zygoma position are important. Especially, we should be more careful about communited fracture of zygomatic body and lateral displacement, root fracture of zygomatic arch. Because they are commom causes that make facial asymmetry. To get optimal result, ensure the definite bony reduction.