• Title/Summary/Keyword: Swimming ability

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Modelling of Swimming Ability Limits for Marine Fish

  • KIM Yong-Hae;WARDLE Clement S.
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.929-935
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    • 1997
  • The total energy of fish movement and the maximum burst swimming speed were estimated and formulated in accordance with body length and water temperature for several species in fisheries by empirical methods and also by using published results. Under the assumption of swimming energy reserve of a fish at the initial rest state, the swimming endurance of fish with different body lengths, swimming speeds and angular velocity was calculated using the relevant equations under similar conditions in tank experiments as well as natural conditions in field. Relative swimming energy efficiency or the transition swimming speed between red and white muscle for energy consumption was represented as a trigonometric function of swimming speed ratio. Therefore, this model does closely approach the actual swimming abilities and their limits especially in relation to the fishing gear operation and allow for the greater vitality of the wild fish in the fields.

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Study on the Actual Condition of Domestic and Foreign Survival Swimming Programs

  • KIM, Ze Won;SEO, Myung Seok;LEE, Jung Won;Moon, Hwang Woon
    • Journal of Sport and Applied Science
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    • v.6 no.3
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2022
  • Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for developing an educational program that can be practically applied in the field of survival swimming education. Research design, data, and methodology: This study reviewed prior literature including governmental reports, journal articles related to survival swimming programs at home and abroad. Based on the basic data collected through literature, domestic and foreign educational institutions and national educational programs were cataloged and analyzed. Results: The study found that among the goals of swimming education, the prevention of water accidents and the cultivation of water safety skills along with improving swimming ability are very important educational goals. Currently, domestic survival swimming education programs are divided into classes and training sessions, so it is necessary to develop an educational program according to each individual's swimming ability and a unified and systematic program through education for each level of survival swimming learners. Conclusions: It is thought that the reinforcement of the leader's capacity for quality improvement will have a positive effect for the development of survival swimming. Further implications were discussed.

Measurement of swimming ability of silver fish (Plecoglossus altivelis) using a Particle Imaging Velocimetry (입자영상유속계를 이용한 은어 (Plecoglossus altivelis)의 유영능력 측정)

  • Bae, Jae-Hyun;Lee, Kyoung-Hoon;Shin, Jong-Keun;Yang, Yong-Su;Lee, Ju-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.411-418
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    • 2011
  • As a fish way is a structure for fish migrating well toward upper stream due to breaking river flow by a dam or dammed pool, the specific fish's swimming ability is one of the main factors in making a plan and managing it. In addition, it also needs to understand the current field in fish road to evaluate its performance. This study is aimed to analyze the swimming patterns with current velocity changes using a Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) in order to understand the swimming ability of silver fish (Plecoglossus altivelis) that is one of the fishes migrating through the fish way of Nakdong River, and to analyze the 2 dimensional current field near to silver fish at swimming momentum. The results showed that average values of tail beat frequencies for continuous swimming with current velocity were 2.8 Hz at 0.3 m/s, 3.2 Hz at 0.4 m/s, 3.8 Hz at 0.5 m/s, respectively. The wake would be produced by direction turning of fish's tail fin and its magnitude would be verified by the difference of pressure. The pressure turbulent flow produced by its tail beat would be made in both sides, and then, the magnitude of wake should be the source of moving direction. The swimming momentum will help to support the primary factor in making a suitable design for specific fish species migrating toward the district river.

Simulation of the virtual mackerel behavior to the trawl gear (트롤 어구에 대한 가상 고등어의 반응 행동 시뮬레이션)

  • Lee, Gun-Ho;Lee, Chun-Woo;Kim, Young-Bong;He, Pingguo;Choe, Moo-Youl
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.10-19
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    • 2008
  • This paper focuses on the mackerel's visual ability and swimming capability, and aims to describe the behavior in capture and escape process by trawl. The visual sensory systems and reaction behavior based locomotory capability were analyzed and simulated. The ability of fish to see an object depends on the light intensity and the contrast and size of the object. Swimming endurance of the fish is dependent on the swimming speed and the size of the fish. Swimming speeds of the fish are simulated 3 types of the burst speed, the prolonged speed and the sustained speed according to the time they can maintain to swim. The herding and avoiding is typical reaction of the fish to the stimuli of trawl gear in the capture process. These basic behavior patterns of the virtual mackerel to the gear are simulated. This simulation will be helpful to understand the fishing processes and make high selectivity of fishing.

Swimming Performance of Aquatic-animals and Their Morphological Adaptation (수중동물의 헤엄침 성능과 형태학적 적응)

  • Sohn, Myong-Hwan;Lee, Seung-Hee;Han, Cheol-Heui
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.12 no.6
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    • pp.796-807
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    • 2009
  • The swimming abilities of aquatic-animals are of vital importance to their ecology. The relationship between outer shapes and the swimming ability has been focused just a few centuries ago by engineering community. Present paper surveys the recent studies of the aquatic-animals' swimming performance in the morphological point of view. Also an experimental study is performed in order to investigate the effect of the tail fin's shape on the propulsive performance. The result showed that the morphological study provided valuable data for exploring the secrets of the aquatic-animals' swimming performance.

Effects of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on Excercise Practice Ability and Blood Fatigue Variable Factor (산약의 운동수행능력 증진 및 항피로 효과)

  • Park, Na-Ri;Lee, Yun-Jin;Lee, Eun-Byeol;Yang, Doo-Hwa;Woo, Chang-Hoon;An, Hee-Duk
    • Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.37-46
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    • 2020
  • Objectives In this study, we analyzed the effect of Dioscoreae Rhizoma on exercise practice ability and blood fatigue variable factor in the forced swimming test. Methods Male mice were divided into four group. Mice were administrated with saline, Discorae Rhizoma extracted by water (DRW), Discorae Rhizoma extracted by 30% ethanol (DRE), red ginseng (RG), orally once per day, for 1 week. Exercise performance was evaluated by exhaustive swimming time and weights. Glycogen contents of liver and soleus muscle were measured at the end of the experiment. In addition, the biochemical parameters such as asparate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen, creatine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ammonia, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free fatty acid (FFA) were analyzed. Results Both DRW and DRE showed an improvement of swimming endurance compared with control group. Levels of ALT, ammonia, TG, TC and FFA were significantly decreased in both DRW and DRE compared with control group. Levels of AST, Creatine were significantly reduced in DRE group compared with control group. Moreover LDH showed only a tendency to increase in the DRW and DRE groups. Conclusions In summary, the present study showed that Dioscoreae Rhizoma improved in physical fatigue and exercise practice ability and DRE improved the superior than those of DRW.

Determination of Critical Swimming Velocity for Crucian Carp for Fishway Design (어도 설계를 위한 붕어의 한계유영유속 결정 연구)

  • Se Won Lee
    • Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.258-265
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    • 2023
  • Fishways installed in Korea usually generate high-velocity flows and low water depth that impede fish movement, despite the fact that most fish are migratory or move to survive. Moreover, domestic design standards for fishways fail to consider the swimming ability of various fish species that live in rivers. Therefore, it is necessary to establish design standards for fishways to function properly, which requires research on the swimming performance of domestic migratory fish and the hydraulic characteristics of fishways. Accordingly, in this research, the swimming performance of fish was objectively analyzed by applying the incremental velocity and fixed velocity methods to carp, respectively, and the critical swimming velocity was presented. As the result, it was appropriate to set the critical swimming velocity to 0.7 m/s - 0.8 m/s for incremental velocity and 0.8 m/s for fixed velocity. Comprehensively analyzing the two experimental methods, the critical swimming velocity for designing the fishway for carp can be determined to be about 0.8 m/s. In the future, it will be necessary to analyze the swimming performance of various migratory fish and prepare fishway design standards for each species.

The Effects of Swim Training on Neurogenesis in the Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus and Functional Ability After Focal Ischemic Stroke in Rats (수영 훈련이 뇌허혈 유발 흰쥐의 해마 치아이랑에서 뇌신경생성과 기능적 능력에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Ho-Sung;Kim, Deuk-Ho;Lee, Jeong-Pil;Kim, Young-Joo;Shin, Young-Oh;Kim, Sang-Hoon;Kwon, Ki-Wook;Oh, Jae-Keun
    • Physical Therapy Korea
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.11-21
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    • 2005
  • The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of swimming training on brain function after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Therefore, this study was examined on neurogenesis in dentate gyrus of hippocampus using 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label proliferating cells and assessed the neurological response following focal cerebral ischemia in rats using neurological motor behavioral test. In an observer-blinded fashion, twenty male Sprague-Dawley (280~310 g, 7 weeks old) rats were divided into four groups: MCAO plus swimming group (ME, $n_1$=5), MCAO plus control group (MC, $n_2$=5), SHAM plus swimming group (SE, $n_3$=5), SHAM plus control group (SC, $n_4$=5). The results of this study were as follows: 1) The limb placing time before and after swimming in the ME group were significantly longer than the MC group (p<.05), the SE group were significantly longer than the SC group (p<.01). 2) The balance beam scores before and after swimming in the ME group was higher than the SE group, the MC group was higher than the SC group but was not significantly different (p>.001). 3) The foot fault index before and after swimming training in ME group was significantly lower (i.e., improved) than the MC group (p<.001) and the SE group (p<.001), the SE group was significantly lower (i.e., improved) than the SC group (p<.001). 4) The mean number of BrdU-positive cells in the dentate gyrus in the ME group was significantly higher than the MC group (p<.001) and the SE group (p<.01). The MC group and the SE group was significantly higher than the SC group (p<.001). 5) There was significantly correlation between limb placing time and number of BrdU-positive cells on swimming training, there was positive correlation (r=.807, p<.0001) and between foot fault index and BrdU-positive cells number, there was negative correlation (r=-.503, p<.05). However, between balance beam scores and BrdU-positive cells number, there was no correlation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that the role of swimming training improves behavioral motor function probably by enhancing cell proliferation in that hippocampus. This study provides a model for investigating the stroke rehabilitation that underlies neurogenesis and functional ability.

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Effects of silkworm and its by-products on muscle mass and exercise performance in ICR mice.

  • Lee, Ji Hae;Jo, You-Young;Ju, Wan-Taek;Kim, Kee-Young;Kweon, HaeYong
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.34-38
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    • 2019
  • In this study, we investigated the effect of silkworm, and its by-products on exercise endurance, muscle mass, and fatigue recovery using ICR mice model. Powders of silkworm, pupae, dongchunghacho, and silk powder were suspended in water and feed to mice for 2 weeks. The forced swimming time was increased by 4.3, 4.1 and 2.8 seconds after silkworm, pupae, and dongchughacho administration compared to DW fed group. Increases in exercise ability were achieved by difference mechanism according to feeding materials. Pupae increased muscle mass by 129% compared with the control group which may effect on elongation of swimming time. Dongchunghacho improved the plasma concentrations of fatigue markers such as creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and D-lactate. Silkworm administration showed dual effect, the muscle mass induction (114% vs. control) and anti-fatigue (plasma creatinine, BUN, and D-lactate were 63, 75, and 78% vs. con) effect which contributed most elongated swimming time. In conclusion, silkworm and its by-products including pupae and dongchunghacho with the predominant protein and bioactive components improved muscle mass and showed anti-fatigue effect which could promote exercise performance ability.