• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.208-219
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• 2014

This work aims to establish the landscape ecological countermeasures to improve the sustainability of urban mountain forest and to enrich the biodiversity in twenty mountains of the Seoul Metropolitan City. Landscape ecological analysis was conducted based upon various criteria, such as area and elevation of mountains, flora, naturalized plants, vegetation, forest types, mountain trails, and public facilities. Various measures were suggested for the better maintenances of floristic diversity, introduced plants, vegetation and forest types of urban mountain forests. Sustainable recommendations for land use adminstration were developed for the preparations of a climate change-adapted urban mountain forests, as well as rational managements of ecosystem, walking trails, and public facilities within mountain forest. Rich and diverse natural vegetation as well as high floristic diversity were reported at mountains with higher elevations, larger area size, and rich landscape diversity. Mountains with low elevation, small size with easy public access, however, might require an urgent action to decrease the burdens by anthropogenic disturbances and urban development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.43-58
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• 2011

This paper is performed to study for the plants ecosystems for the rural community forest of designated as natural monument. In addition, it is also proposed the plan of the rural community forest's conservation and restoration for avoiding to the destroy of indiscriminate development such as land-use, cultivation. The rural community forest is a mirror that reflect the regional culture and history, as well as environment. According to this view, undoubtedly, we need to recognise the formative background of rural community forest, the relations between the environment around and the characteristic of plants ecosystem comprehensively. For the purpose of proposing to the plan of rural village forests' conservation and restoration, therefore, this study is: 1) reviews the previous research and ancient documents, and 2) surveys the vegetation structure and the growing conditions in rural village forest directly.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.72-74
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• 2003

Forest canopy density is an ideal representative of the forest habitat situations. It can directly or indirectly depict the canopy structure and gap size in the forestland, thus could be applied to assessment of wildlife’s diversit y. Since population survey of vegetation and wildlife diversities is a key issue for sustainable forest ecosystem management, many research efforts have been focused on forest canopy density using multispectral data in the last two decades. Unfortunately, prediction of canopy density using large scaling remote sensing data remains a challenging issue. Due to recent advances in hyperspectral image sensors hyperspectral imagery is now available for environmental monitoring. In this paper, we conduct experiments to monitor complicated environments of forestland that can be captured by using hyperspectral imagery and further be analyzed to test a prediction model of forest canopy density. The results show that 95% of canopy density could be well described by using 2 difference vegetation indices (DVIs), which are difference of blue and green reflectances rband_100-rband_150 and difference of 2 short wave infrared reflectancse rband_406-rband_410 With the wavelengths of band no. 100, 150, 406, and 410 specified by 462.39 nm, 534.40 nm, 918.22 nm and 924.41 nm respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.94 no.3 s.160
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• pp.183-190
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• 2005

This study was carried out to find out the possibility for developing methodologies on the index for forest sustainability and to assess sustainability indices of metropolitan and provincial districts based on conditions of their forest health and management programmes in Korea. To find out some indicators to be utilized in developing the forest sustainability indices, total 84 possible indicators were selected and combined from 69 major programmes contained in the 4th Forest Development Plan and the Forest Vision for 21st Century and other 15 indicators selected separately from other forest policies. Those candidate indicators were reviewed throughly under evaluation processes and 33 indicators were finally chosen in developing the forest sustainability indices. Those indicators were classified into 3 categories, namely indicators for pressure, state, and response. Forest health could be represented by pressure and state indicators, while forest management programmes could be assessed by response indicators. Scores of importance for each indicator were assigned through Delphi survey and analyzed to project the extra weight value by summing rankings given to each index an applied to the standardized value of each index. Forest sustainability indices of metropolitan and provincial districts were analyzed and compared, based on relevant data of the year 2002. This study was kind a preliminary one in forest sustainability index and the names of metropolitan and provincial districts were not identified in this study. The indices could be very valuable in assessing quantitatively the level of forest health and intensity of forest management programmes in each districts and comparisons could be made among them, if all self-governing districts agree unanimously on the indices of forest sustainability and relevant indicators chosen in the study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.479-495
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• 2021

To improve on the efficient management of forest resources, it is necessary to create a forest soil map, which represents a comprehensive database of forest lands. Although a 1:25,000 scale forest site map has been used in Korea, the need for a large-scale forest soil map with high precision and information on forest lands that is specialized for individual purposes has been identified. Moreover, to keep pace with the advancement in forest management and transition to a digital society, it is essential to develop a method for constructing new forest soil maps that can diversify its use. Therefore, this paper presented a developmental process and used a 1:5,000 scale forest soil map to propose future directions. National maps showing the soil type, depth, and texture were produced based on the survey and analysis of forest soils, followed by the Forest Land Soil Map (1:5,000) Production Standard Manual. Alternatively, forest soil map data were the basis on which various other maps that can be used to prevent and predict forest disasters and evaluate environmental capacities were developed. Accordingly, ways to provide appropriate information to achieve the national forest plan, secure forestry big data, and accomplish sustainable forest management that corresponds to the national development plan are proposed based on results from the current study.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2008

Tree species-specific estimates with spacebome high-resolution imagery improve estimation of forest biomass which is needed to predict the long term planning for the sustainable forest management(SFM). This paper is a contribution to develop crown distinguishing coniferous species, Pinus densiflora and Pinus koraiensis, from QuickBird imagery. The proposed feature analysis derived from shape parameters and first and second-order statistical texture features of the same test area were compared for the two species separation and delineation. As expected, initial studies have shown that both formfactor and compactness shape parameters provided the successful differentiating method between the pine species within the compartment for single crown identification from spaceborne high resolution imagery. Another result revealed that the selected texture parameters - the mean, variance, angular second moment(ASM) - in the infrared band image could produce good subset combination of texture features for representing detailed tree crown outline.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

Urbanization and industrialization associated with rapid economic development have resulted in air pollution in urban areas, which adversely affects human health and the environment around the world. Growing awareness of the health effects of airborne particulate matter (PM) has led to the emergence of urban greening as a promising eco-friendly, nature-based solution to reduce the concentration of PM (especially PM_2.5) to which individuals are exposed, thereby promoting public health. In this review, we highlight fundamental insights about PM and recent research on the ability of urban greening to capture PM. Reports from the scientific literature on PM published from 1992 to 2021 were retrieved from Google Scholar. Here, we explore some of the main complex relationships between leaf traits and the ability to retain PM for research or management to optimize greenspaces.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.435-449
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• 2010

Soils in the sloping uplands in Korea are subject to intensive land use with high input of agrochemicals and are vulnerable to soil erosion. Development of the environmentally sound land management strategy is essential for a sustainable production system in the sloping upland. This report addresses the status of upland agriculture and the best management practices for the uplands toward the sustainable agriculture. More than 60% of Korean lands are forest and only 21% are cultivating paddy and upland. Uplands are about 7% of the total lands and about 62% of the uplands are in the slopes higher than 7%. Due to the site-specificity of the upland, many managerial and environmental problems are occurring, such as severe erosion, shallow surface soils with rocky fragments, and loadings of non-point source (NPS) contaminants into the watershed. Based on the field trials, most of the sloping uplands were classified as Suitability Class III-V and the major limiting factor was slope and rock fragments. Due to this, soils were over-applied with N fertilizer, even though N rate was the recommendation. This resulted in decreases in yield, degradation of soil quality and increases in N loading to the leachate. Various case studies drew management practices toward sustainable production systems. The suggested BMP on the managerial, vegetative, and structural options were to practice buffer strips along the edges of fields and streams, winter cover crop, contour and mulching farming, detention weir, diversion drains, grassed waterway, and slope arrangement. With these options, conservation effects such as reductions in raindrop impact, flow velocity, runoff and sediment loss, and rill and gully erosion were observed. The proper management practice is a key element of the conservation of the soil and water in the sloping upland.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.185-197
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• 2000

This study was carried out to research structure of forest vegetation and site condition, and supply basic data for conservation of pine forest and ecologically sustainable forest management and control in Anmyondo area. The forest of Anmyondo were largely classified as four forest community : Pinus densiflora community, Pinus thunbergii community, Pinus rigida community, and Quercus variabilis community. Organic matter, total nitrogen, and other nutrients in soil of the study area were relatively low, and average soil pH was 4.9. Soil texture was sandy clay or heavy clay and so the aeration and permeability could be poor. In this study site, the methods such as the promotion of germination of pine seeds through removal of forest floor and inducement of natural regeneration through such method as regeneration under shelter wood would be better than the method such as afforestation after clear-cutting for conservation the pine forests. Also, it will be a good method to practice tending for hardwood species in the dominant areas by hardwood species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.2
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• pp.170-186
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• 2024

This study was conducted to identify the usage characteristics of the DMZ Punchbowl Trail (DPT) as a national forest trail (NFT) and to estimate its ripple effects on the local economy. The objective of this study is to provide policy implications for sustainable operational management. Out of the 500 questionnaires distributed, 215 respondents provided their complete travel itineraries and expenditures. The respondents, mainly aged 50 and above and residing in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, spend 3.5 hours of travel time to the DPT. Together with their families, the respondents typically spend approximately 4 hours for leisurely activities, primarily appreciation of scenic views and relaxation by visiting the "O-yubatgil." Furthermore, they extend their travels to other parts of Gangwon Province, where the DPT is situated. Within Gangwon Province, Yanggu County is the most visited destination. The respondents reported a notably higher average expenditure per visitor compared with the typical local walking tourists. Estimates show that the DPT generates an annual average of KRW 2.1 billion in direct expenditure (based on an average of 10,000 visitors for over five years), KRW 2.8 billion in production, and KRW 1.3 billion in added value, and it has created 40 jobs in Gangwon Province. The results of this study lies in empirically determining the specific economic scale and ripple effects of DPT as an NFT in the major sector, which occupies a significant portion of the Gangwon Province's local economy. The results will be instrumental in validating NFT policies and informing policy making for sustainable forest utilization.