• ALGAE
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2002

Three dominant rocky intertidal macroalgae, the fucoids Fucus gardneri and Pelvetiopsis limitata (Phaeophyta) and the red alga Mazzaella cornucopiae (= Iridaea cornucopiae) on the west coast of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada were used in a series of field experiments to examine interspecific interactions. These experiments showed complex patterns which included an interchange of negative (inhibition) and positive (facilitation) interactions depending on neighbor distance. Less fucoid recruitment occurred in the plots with greater percent cover of a turfforming red alga, M. cornucopiae. However, experimentally removing Mazzaella turf (the turf was considered to be "blocking" fucoid recruits or "shading" growing recruits) did not increase recruitment. This result indicated that there may be another factor(s) involved in the survivorship of juvenile fucoids in the turf-removed plots. Morphological differences in adult plants between Mazzaella and the two fucoids resulted in another type of interaction; these began when fucoids successfully settled and grew nearby or within the red algal turf. By monitoring microhabitat at the individual plant level for two years, I found that survivorship of fucoid recruits showed different species-specific patterns. The patterns also varied as the microhabitat changed from Mazzaella turf edge to open space. For F. gardneri, longevity of P.limitata at all distances tested was similar. A reason for greater longevity of F. gardneri individuals at edge microhabitats may be that these sites have one side open to light and nutrients and another site that buffers them from desiccation and wave impact. In the Mazzaella-Fucus interaction, neighbor distance was a key factor in determining whether the outcome of the interaction would be competition or facilitation (or protection). This study provides experimental evidence that detectable biological interactions occur in this upper intertidal algal community where physical conditions are usually severe, and also indicates the importance of small scale examination in understanding macroalgal interactions in intertidal habitats.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.43-47
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• 1997

담팔수(Elaeocarpus sylvestris va. ellipticus Hara)를 기주로 하여 담팔수깍지벌레(Protopulvinaria mangiferae (Green))의 발육속도 및 증식능력을 조사하였다. 본 깍지벌레의 1령약충기부터 산란전성충기까지 발육소요일수는 온도가 상승할수록 짧았으며, 발육한계온도는 11.7$^{\circ}C$, 유효적산온도는 1000.0일도 이었다. $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$ 항온, 60-70% RH조건하에서 부화율은 각 온도구 모두 99% 이상으로 높았다. 산란전성층까지의 생존율은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 82%, $30^{\circ}C$에서 60%이었으며, 1령약충(neonate crawler)기의 사망률이 가장 높았다. 성충체로부터 1령약충의 이탈기간은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 50일 $30^{\circ}C$에서 33일간 이었으며, 이 기간 중 총이탈약충수의 50%이상이 분산기간 초기에 발생되었다. 발육기간 및 영별생존율 및 출생수를 이용하여 산출한 순번식율(${R}_{o}$), 평균세대기(T) 및 내적자연증가율은(${r}_{m}$)은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 각 132.6, 76.2, 0.064/암컷/일로 $30^{\circ}C$구 보다 높았다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2010

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of early revegetation by analyzing the characteristics of germination and growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii using vegetation-plant in rock slopes. After making up a growing basis of approximately 20-cm depth and 10-cm diameter by using a boring machine, the surface of rock slopes was planted with vegetation-plant. The number of germinating populations by soil media was 41 in H.s, 4 in T.s, 3 in M.s, and 0 in M.g.s. The germination rate (%) by soil media was 20.0% in H.s, 3.3% in T.s, 2.5% in M.s and 0% in M.g.s. In monthly changes of growth rate, the aspect was northwest direction, the soil media was H.s, and the treatment was microorganism plot. The main factors affecting survivorship and growth of population were soil media and treatment plot. The interaction between each factor had a good effects in bearing x treatment plot, soil media x treatment plot. but, it is recommended that the mulching of vegetation plant is highly needed to help the germination of seed and growth of vegetation because of loss of seed and soil media occurred due to rainfall. Therefore, The result suggests that the revegetation technique using boring in rock slope was very efficient in respect of the early revegetation and the landscape.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.141-149
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• 1977

In this sampling obtained 7,108 measurements for all trees larger than 2.5cm (1.0 inch) dbh from seven stands in Kwhangnung. In terms of similarity indices seven stands are classified into three kind of forest coniferous, mixed, and broadleaved froest communiteis. For ten major tree species in a three forest communities the size distributions are studied. Two forms of size distributions were observed: (1) linear relationships of log numbers of stem vs. size indicating stablesize distributions; (2) convex to bell shaped size distributions reflecting declining populaitons with a low natality rate. Survivorship analyses showed that successional trends seem to be: Pinus densilfloralongrightarrowQuercus aliena and Q. serratalongrightarrowCarpinus laxifloralongrightarrowC. erosalongrightarrowAcer pseudo-sieboldianum var. Koreanum. These results agree with the results from ordination method. An alternate pathways that Pinus koraiensis seems to be replaced by C. laxiflora were observed. It seems that successional trend is not unidireciton, but rather multi-directional.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.575-582
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• 1996

Molipteryx fuliginosa (Uhler, 1860) is a plant juice sucker which feeds on new tips of Rubus oldhami Miquel and Zelkowa serrata Makino, and it has a strong preference for teses two plants in Korea. M. fuliginosa has one generation a year and hibernates as a young adult. Most of the winter survivors emerge in early May. It is the first time their host plants were found and reported. Females mainly lay their eggs one by one separately on the leaves of R. oldhami, and even on the steel wire, the lid guaze and the ground in the laboratory. Nymphs do not gather, but stay on the hatching site, Nymphs except the non-feeding first instar feed on young shoots. From the second to the fifth instar nymphs migrate to the upper part of the shoot and congregate in part on an expanded leaf. The new adults first appeared on 11 August, and remained in the host plant, and fed on until mid October. The duration of the hatching and molting, and the survivorship curve based on the laboratory rearing were determined.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2002

Spinal Muscular Atrophy(SMA) is characterized by degeneration of the anterior horn cells leading to symmetrical muscle weakness and wasting of voluntary muscles. Depending on the age of onset, the maximum muscular activity achieved, and survivorship, 3 types of SMA are recognized: SMA type I=Werdnig-Hoffman disease; SMA type II=an intermediate form; SMA type III = Wohlfart-Kugelberg-Welander disease. We report on a 10-month-old male patient with SMA type II complained cough and sputum. We treated with Bopejungchungtang for his cough and sputum. After administration of Bopejunchungtang cough and sputum decreased and almost disappeared.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2000

자연산 모하의 White Spot Baculovirus(WSBV)보균을 Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)에 의한 검출에서 Penaeus chinensis 모하가 52%, Penaeus japonicus 모하는 20%나타났다. 새우 양식장의 서식생물의 본 바이러스의 보균을 조사한 결과 Upogebia major 37%, Calliamassa japonica 29%를 보였다. 본 바이러스의 해수 생존시험에서는 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 장기간 생존하였고 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 시간이 지남에 따라 점차 활성을 잃었다.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2012

Purpose: The study aimed to identity specific needs for services and programs to help childhood cancer survivors adjust and adapt to life after treatment. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 31 childhood cancer survivors, diagnosed with cancer before the age of 18 and currently between 15 and 39 years of age. Each survivor had completed his/her cancer treatment. Results: The participating cancer survivors reported needs for services related to psychological counseling, schooling and learning, social skills, mentorship, integrated health management, self support activities, families of survivors, and public recognition and awareness. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate a need to better understand childhood cancer survivors, provides a basis for developing various services and programs to improve the quality of life among childhood cancer patients, survivors, and their families, and supports the importance of psychosocial adjustment.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 1991

The short-horned grasshoppers, Oxya sinuosa Mistshenko, were reared in the growth cabinet exposed alternately to 16 hours of artificial light (510${\pm}$240 lux) and 8 hours of darkness under the condition of constant temperature of 30${\circ}C$ and 65${\pm}$3% in relative humidity. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. Both female and male grasshoppers had seven instars. In the larval developmental stages of female and male, the third stage was shorter than the other stages, and the longest stage was the seventh. The total developmental period of females and males were approximately 80.17 and 63.5 days, respectively. The survivorship curve at the temperature of 30${\circ}C$ shows straight line.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was performed to understand the characteristics and the meaning of the illness experience of breast cancer survivors as basic data for the development of an intervention program. Methods: The participants were 25 breast cancer survivors who had completed treatment at a tertiary hospital in Seoul. Data were collected through in-depth and unstructured audio-recorded interviews by the investigator. The participants were asked to describe their illness experience. The data were analyzed according to Giorgi's method for phenomenological analysis. Results: The interview data were organized by theme into 6 categories that emerged from the analysis. The themes were acceptance of the illness, active coping with reality, gaining strength through the support of surrounding people, struggling to overcome a negative mindset, self-reflection, and the pursuit of a meaningful new life. Conclusion: We recommend the development of a survivorship program based on self-reflection, which can engender self-transcendence and spiritual well-being.