• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2010

"对我们而言, 成为一名负责的公民和一份成功的事业之间没有区别.....他们对今天的沃尔玛是完全一样的." Lee Scott, 沃尔玛的CEO在2005年卡崔琳娜飓风灾难之后(Esty and Winston 2006) Lee Scott的声明标志着可持续发展的一个新的时代. 作为一个被全球生产商和零售商所关注的全世界最大规模的经销商确认了他们的可持续发展的意图. 近十年来, 环保运动不断增长, 并扩展到全世界. 公司已经诞生, 产品已被创造, 学术期刊 已经展开, 政府已经承诺—所有这一切都在追求可持续发展(Peattie and Crane 2005). 虽然进展的确比一些人渴望的慢了一些, 但是很多大规模的经销商已经为环保做出了可持续发展的努力. 为了更好的理解这个运动我们同时提供高管和消费者参与的有包装的消费品产业的角度. 该研究依赖于三个潜在主题: (1)概念和证据表明,公司为很多理由进行可持续发展 (2)在有包装的消费品行业中, 可持续发展活动的数量在持续增长 (3), 因此, 必须探索可持续发展在消费者意识中起的作用. 根据这些主题, 143名大学生和101名企业高管参加了调查来评估一系列的有关可持续发展的变量包括愿意支付, 行为意图, 态度和偏好. 结果显示高层管理者相信可持续发展的三个最主要的原因是(1)盈利能力的机会; (2)以实现对环境的义务; (3)对顾客和股东负责. 大学生的三大原因: (1)对环境的责任; (2)为子孙后代负责, 和(3):一种有效的管理资源. 虽然企业高管和大学生对支持可持续发展的理由不同, 但是企业高管和消费者的报告显示了对剩下大部分的可持续发展问题的相似性. 另外, 当我们要求消费者去评估6个关键问题的重要性时(医疗保健, 经济, 教育, 犯罪, 政府支出, 和环境), 保护环境仅排在第四位(Carlson 2005). 这6个问题都被认为是重要的, 三个最重要的是(1)改善教育;(2)本地区的经济发展,以及(3)卫生保健. 为了可持续发展的持续性, 我们也将预期结果. 反映社会, 企业利益表现的新定义和执行期的延长同样被揭示出来(Ehrenfeld 2005; Hitchcock and Willard 2006). 基于文献我们发现了三个基本范畴的结果:(1)改进组成的满意度, (2)分化的机会, 以及(3)金融奖励. 在每一种分类中, 我们发现从可持续发展活动中导致11种不同结果的几个特定的结果. 我们的调查结果表明,最有可能的结果最高的前五项依序为公司的可持续发展追求的是:(1)绿色的消费者将会更令人满意;(2)公司形象会更好, (3)公司的责任将得到加强, (4)会降低能源成本;(5)产品将会更多的创新. 另外, 为更好的理解消费者的环境 "身份" 和在市场购买中愿意显示出这个 "身份" 的有趣的交集, 我们扩展了以前Experian Research(2008) 的研究. 因此,受访者分为四个不同类型的绿色消费者(行为绿色,想法绿色, 潜在绿色, 或真正褐色)来获得更好的理解绿色消费者. 我们评估这些消费者愿意从事环保行为评估三种选择. (1)购物零售商支持环保措施;(2)支付更多来保护环境, 以及(3)支付更高的税收,政府可以支持环保措施. 想法绿色消费者表示最愿意改变, 紧随其后的是行为绿色消费者, 潜在绿色消费者和褐色消费者. 这些差异都是显著的(p<.01). 结论和启示我们采用描述性研究, 旨在促进我们理解战略领域的可持续性. 确切地说, 该研究以特定的偏好, 意图, 愿意支付, 行为和态度填补了进行比较与对比的持续性的商业管理者和消费者意见的文献的空白, 对从业人员, 能获得一个战略观点. 此外, 许多结果已经说明, 受访者愿意为产品付出更多来保护环境. 其他特定的结果表明, 女性受访者始终比男性强愿意交流, 为这些产品付更多的钱, 在环保的零售商. 了解这些额外的信息, 实践者现在有了更多的特定市场, 对目标和交流他们为可持续发展所做出的努力. 虽然这项研究仅仅是最初的一步了解实践者和消费者对于可持续发展的异同, 我们的结果对实践与研究都有帮助. 未来的研究应向测试其他变量的影响关系, 以及其他特殊行业.

• 한국해양학회지:바다
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1999

연성저질의 갯벌과 조하대에 서식하는 저서동물의 정점당 채집면적을 제안하고자 인천 송도 1 개 정점에서 0.02 $m^2$ 박스코아를 이용하여 총 250 회 (5 $m^2$), 영일만 조하대 1 개 정점(수심 20 m)에서 0.1 $m^2$ 반빈 채니기를 이용하여 총 50 회(5 $m^2$)의 표품을 반복 채집하였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 채집면적은 모집단으로 설정한 5 $m^2$에 대해서 출현종수와 생태지수(다양성, 종풍부도, 균등도, 우점도지수), 종조성의 유사성(유사도지수 기준)이 75%로 나타나는 수준의 면적으로 설정하였다. 송도갯벌 5 $m^2$에 서식하는 저서동물은 56 종, 영일만 조하대 5 $m^2$에서는 총 60 종이었다. 채집면적 (A; $m^2$)에 따른 저서동물의 누적 출현종수($N_{sp}$)는 송도갯벌에서 $N_{sp}=37.379A^{0.257}(r^2=0.99)$, 영일만 조하대에서 $N_{sp}=40.895A^{0.257}(r^2=0.98)$의 관계식으로 나타낼 수 있었다. 모집단으로 설정한 5 $m^2$에 대해서 출현총수의 75%가 출현하는 채집면적은 송도갯벌과 영일만 조하대에서 각각 1.6 $m^2$ (0.02 $m^2$ 박스코아, 80 회), 1.5 $m^2$ (0.1 $m^2$ 반빈채니기, 15 회)이었다. 0.02 $m^2$과 0.1 $m^2$의 단위표품을 계속 더하여 면적을 증가시키면서 새롭게 증가된 각 면적에서의 생태지수와 유사도를 다시 계산하였다. 그 결과, 5 $m^2$의 생태지수에 75% 근접하는 면적은 송도갯벌에서 < 0.5 $m^2$~1.5 $m^2$, 영일만 조하대에서 < 0.5 $m^2$~1.2 $m^2$이였다. 종조성의 유사성을 75%로 반영하는 면적은 0.3 $m^2$(송도), 0.6 $m^2$(영일만)이었다. 군집분석을 위해 흔히 사용하는 이들 지수의 채집면적에 따른 변화를 추적하여 유사성 75%에 기준을 둔 채집면적으로 송도갯벌에서는 1.5 $m^2$(0.02 $m^2$ 박스 코아, 75 회), 영일만 조하대에서는 1.2 $m^2$(0.1 $m^2$ 반빈 채니기, 12 회)을 제안할 수 있었다. 이들 채집면적은 송도갯벌에서 상위 우점 7 종(개체수 68%를 차지함)의 서식밀도를, 영일만 조하대에서 상위 우점 6 종(개체수 90% 차지함)의 서식밀도를 정밀도 0.2 이내에서 추정할 수 있게 한다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.14-25
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• 2001

목적 : 통증에 있어서의 성별차이에 대한 연구결과에 있어서 일치하지 않고 있다. 이에 암환자를 대상으로 성별에 따른 통증정도를 살펴보고, 통증과 우울 및 활동도의 상호작용에 있어서도 성별에 따른 차이가 있는 지를 규명하기 위함이다. 방법 : 1999년 2월부터 6월까지 서울소재 S대학교 병원 혈액종양내과에 입원 또는 외래치료중인 암환자 140명(남성 78명, 여성 62명)을 대상으로 하였으며, 통증정도는 한국판 간이 통증 평가도구(BPI-K), 우울은 한국판 Beck Depression Inventory를 이용한 설문지를 통하여 수집되었고, 기타 인구학적 및 임상학적 자료는 의무기록 열람 및 주치의의 의견을 참조하여 수집되었다. 대상자를 서술하기위해 빈도, 평균, 표준편차를 구하였으며, 집단간 비교에서 불연속척도는chi-square test를 하였고, 연속척도는 t-test를 하였으며, 변인간 상관관계는 Pearson 상관계수를 구하였다. 결과 : 1) 통증의 중증도의 경우 통증정도가 24시간 동안 가장 심했을 때 통증 평균은 남성이 5.77점, 여성이 6.45점이었다. 통증으로 인한 지장정도는 남성의 경우 기분(5.49점), 인생을 즐김(5.36점), 통상적인 일(5.00점)이 순이었으나, 여성의 경우는 통상적인 일(7.48점), 인생을 즐김(7.16점), 기분6.53점) 순이었다. 2) 통증의 중증도의 경우 24시간 동안 평균 통증정도(t=-2.130, P=.035)에서 남성과 여성간에 유의한 차이가 나타났으며, 통증으로 인한 장애정도에서는 활동(t=-2.450, P=.015), 기분(t=-2,321, P=.022), 보행 능력(t=-2.762, P=.007), 통상적인 일(t=-4.946, P=.000), 대인관계(t=-2.595, P=.010), 수면(t=-2.071, P=.040), 인생을 즐김(t=-3.198, P=.001)에서 남성과 여성간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 3) 통증과 우울과의 상관관계 분석결과, 통증의 중증도에서 남성의 경우 24시간동안 가장 심했을 때 통증정도와 우울(r=0.323, P<.05), 평균 통증정도와 우울(r=.236, P<.05) 및 조사당시 바로 지금 느끼는 통증정도와 우울(r=0.248, P<.05)이 통계적으로 유의한 정적 상관관계가 나타난 반만 여성에서는 조사당시 바로 지금 느끼는 통증정도와 우울(r=.250, P<.05)만이 유의한 정적상관관계가 나타났다. 통증으로 인한 지장정도의 경우 남성은 모든 항목과 우울간 유의한 정적상관관계가 나타난 반만 여성에서는 전 항목과 우울간에 유의한 관계가 나타나지 않았다. 통증과 활동성 정도와의 상관관계 분석결과, 통증의 중증도에서 남성의 경우 24시간동안 가장 심했을 때 통증정도와 활동성 정도(r=0.378, P<.05), 평균 통증정도와 활동성 정도가(r=.330, P<.05)가 유의한 정적상관관계가 나타난 반면, 여성에서는 활동성 정도와 통증의 중증도는 유의한 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 남성은 관계를 제외한 모든 항목의 통증으로 인한 지장정도와 활동성 정도가 유의한 정적상관관계가 나타난 반만 여성에서는 보행 능력, 통상적인 일, 인생을 즐김 항목과 활동성 정도간 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있었다. 결론 : 암환자의 통증정도 및 지장정도는 여성이 남성보다 높았으며, 통증과 우울 및 활동도와의 상관관계에서 차이를 보였다. 앞으로 암성통증 관리 대책 수립시 여성과 남성의 이러한 차이를 고려하여야 한다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2004

현재 보건소를 중심으로 이루어지고 있는 예방접종 등록사업은 향후 전국의 민간의료기관에 확산 적용되어 공공보건의료기관과 민간의료기관이 상호 연계되고 데이터가 통합, 운영됨으로써 국가예방접종사업이 완성될 수 있다. 따라서 민간의료기관에 기반한 예방접종 사업의 정보화 추진에서의 발생할 수 있는 문제점들을 예측하고 이를 해결할 수 있는 성공전략을 개발하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 그 중에서도 민간의료기관이 Non-chart system의 예방접종 모듈을 분석하여 예방접종 전산화를 위한 기본적인 문제점과 개선방안을 도출하고 공공보건의료기관과의 통합적 연계운영을 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것은 예방접종전산등 곡사업의 핵심사업과제중의 하나이다. 예방접종 정보관련 프로그램을 평가하기 위하여 현재 민간의료기관(내과, 소아과, 산부인과 및 가정의학과)에서 주로 사용하고 있는 4개 보험청구 및 진료기록관리 프로그램인 Non-chart system과 현재 보건소에서 사용하고 있는 예방접종등록정보 프로그램인 (주)포스테이터의 보건소정보시스템과 (주)미드컴퓨터의 예방접종등록시스템 두가지를 대상으로 하였다. 분석의 표준은 현재 보건소에서 사용하고 있는 예방접종 관련 소프트웨어를 중심으로 하여 민간의료기관의 예방접종관련 프로그램 및 관련 모듈을 분석하였다. 모듈의 분석은 보건소정보시스템 및 예방접종 등록 프로그램을 기본으로 하여 예방접종 업무의 흐름과 활용 및 기능에 따라 분석하였다. 접수 및 신상등록에 있어서 기본적인 자료의 입력내용이 민간의료기관의 내용을 기준으로 보완됨이 바람직할 것으로 보여지는 데 특히 추후 검색과 리마인드(reminder) 및 리콜(Recall)기능의 이용을 대비하여 E-mail주소 등 개인신원의 내용을 충분히 파악할 필요가 있다고 판단된다. 예방접종 예진부분은 모든 프로그램에서 누락되어 있는데 필수적인 예진표의 내용을 반드시 포함시킬 필요가 있다. 개인의 접종기록 및 검색은 개인별 접종표 화면이 출력과 필수적인 접종내역란이 구성으로 접종표 형식이 단순화되어 사용하기에 편리하게 구성되어야 할 것이다. 접종대상 및 실적보고 서식 출력은 법령에 따라 Non-chart system을 이용한 자동화된 전산처리가 가능하여야 하며 자동화된 출력서식의 모듈이 제공되어야한다. 예방접종 증명서 발급기능은 2005년 이후부터 초등학교 입학시 예방접종증명서 제출 의무화가 예정되어 있으므로 예방접종 증명서의 발급기능이 추가되어야 한다. 접종자료의 전송기능으로는 의료보험의 EDI 청구를 위한 전송기능을 이용한 기능이 추가되어야하며 추후 예방접종 자료의 DB변환과 더불어 전송될 수 있는 기능이 추가되어야 한다. 리마인드(Reminder) 및 리콜(Recall)기능은 예방접종 등록사업의 필수적인 부분이며, E-mail을 통한 방법, 전화 또는 편지를 발송하는 방법 등이 추가되어야한다. 백신의 등록 및 재고관리 기능은 다양한 제약회사의 백신생산 및 백신의 효율적인 공금과 유효기간내 접종 등 관리와 견제되므로 백신등록 추가기능이 필요하며 아울러 연령별, 용량별, 백신종류별 등으로 구분되어 기록될 필요가 없었다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.191-204
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• 2015

국내 소프트웨어(SW) 개발인력의 미충원율은 매우 높으며, 특히 2년 이상의 현장경력이 있는 고급 개발자의 부족문제는 심각하다. 최근 정부도 이를 인식하고, 정책적으로 SW개발 신규인력 양성에 힘을 기울이고 있다. 그러나, 이러한 노력은 초급개발자의 수급문제를 해결하는데 효과적일 수 있지만, 업계에서 요구하는 고급 개발자의 부족현상을 해결하는 근본적인 대책으로 인식되지는 못하고 있다. SW 전문개발자를 양성하기 위해서는 초급개발자들이 지속적으로 직무를 수행하여 풍부한 업무경험을 갖춘 고급 개발자로 성장해야 하기 때문이다. 이에, 본 연구는 국내 SW업체에서 근무하고 있는 개발관련 인력들의 업무 지속수행 의도를 조사하고, 이에 영향을 주는 주요요인들을 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 2014년 9월부터 10월까지 국내 SW업체에 근무하고 있는 현직 개발자 총 130명을 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였으며, 이를 기반으로 SW개발업무 지속수행의도 및 이에 영향을 주는 요인들을 개발자의 특성, 직무환경, 그리고 SW개발자에 대한 사회적 인식 및 산업전망 등의 측면에서 분석하였다. 분석에는 데이터마이닝 기법들 중에서, 분석과정에서의 설명능력이 있는 회귀분석과 의사결정나무가 사용되었다. 회귀분석 결과, SW개발자가 스스로 인식하는 근무 가능한 연령이 높을수록, 내성적인 성향을 가질수록, 또한 적성에 맞아서 직무를 선택한 경우, 지속적 직무 수행 의도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이와 더불어, 선형회귀분석에서는 유의하지 않았으나, 규칙기반의 의사결정나무 분석에서 파악된 추가적 요인으로, 새로운 기술에 대한 학습능력 및 SW산업에 대한 전망이 직무 지속수행의도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 기업의 인적자원관리 및 고급 SW인력 양성정책에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되며, 궁극적으로 SW개발인력의 직무 지속성을 증진시키는 데 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.27-55
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• 2008

Due to the increasing and intensifying competition in the Internet shopping market, it has been recognized as very important to develop an effective policy and strategy for acquiring loyal customers. For this reason, web site designers need to know if a new Internet shopping mall(ISM) will be accepted. Researchers have been working on identifying factors for explaining and predicting user acceptance of an ISM. Some studies, however, revealed inconsistent findings on the antecedents of user acceptance of a website. Lack of consideration for individual differences in user ability is believed to be one of the key reasons for the mixed findings. The elaboration likelihood model (ELM) and several studies have suggested that individual differences in ability plays an moderating role on the relationship between the antecedents and user acceptance. Despite the critical role of user ability, little research has examined the role of user ability in the Internet shopping mall context. The purpose of this study is to develop a user acceptance model that consider the moderating role of user ability in the context of Internet shopping. This study was initiated to see the ability of the technology acceptance model(TAM) to explain the acceptance of a specific ISM. According to TAM. which is one of the most influential models for explaining user acceptance of IT, an intention to use IT is determined by usefulness and ease of use. Given that interaction between user and website takes place through web interface, the decisions to accept and continue using an ISM depend on these beliefs. However, TAM neglects to consider the fact that many users would not stick to an ISM until they trust it although they may think it useful and easy to use. The importance of trust for user acceptance of ISM has been raised by the relational views. The relational view emphasizes the trust-building process between the user and ISM, and user's trust on the website is a major determinant of user acceptance. The proposed model extends and integrates the TAM and relational views on user acceptance of ISM by incorporating usefulness, ease of use, and trust. User acceptance is defined as a user's intention to reuse a specific ISM. And user ability is introduced into the model as moderating variable. Here, the user ability is defined as a degree of experiences, knowledge and skills regarding Internet shopping sites. The research model proposes that the ease of use, usefulness and trust of ISM are key determinants of user acceptance. In addition, this paper hypothesizes that the effects of the antecedents(i.e., ease of use, usefulness, and trust) on user acceptance may differ among users. In particular, this paper proposes a moderating effect of a user's ability on the relationship between antecedents with user's intention to reuse. The research model with eleven hypotheses was derived and tested through a survey that involved 470 university students. For each research variable, this paper used measurement items recognized for reliability and widely used in previous research. We slightly modified some items proper to the research context. The reliability and validity of the research variables were tested using the Crobnach's alpha and internal consistency reliability (ICR) values, standard factor loadings of the confirmative factor analysis, and average variance extracted (AVE) values. A LISREL method was used to test the suitability of the research model and its relating six hypotheses. Key findings of the results are summarized in the following. First, TAM's two constructs, ease of use and usefulness directly affect user acceptance. In addition, ease of use indirectly influences user acceptance by affecting trust. This implies that users tend to trust a shopping site and visit repeatedly when they perceive a specific ISM easy to use. Accordingly, designing a shopping site that allows users to navigate with heuristic and minimal clicks for finding information and products within the site is important for improving the site's trust and acceptance. Usefulness, however, was not found to influence trust. Second, among the three belief constructs(ease of use, usefulness, and trust), trust was empirically supported as the most important determinants of user acceptance. This implies that users require trustworthiness from an Internet shopping site to be repeat visitors of an ISM. Providing a sense of safety and eliminating the anxiety of online shoppers in relation to privacy, security, delivery, and product returns are critically important conditions for acquiring repeat visitors. Hence, in addition to usefulness and ease of use as in TAM, trust should be a fundamental determinants of user acceptance in the context of internet shopping. Third, the user's ability on using an Internet shopping site played a moderating role. For users with low ability, ease of use was found to be a more important factors in deciding to reuse the shopping mall, whereas usefulness and trust had more effects on users with high ability. Applying the EML theory to these findings, we can suggest that experienced and knowledgeable ISM users tend to elaborate on such usefulness aspects as efficient and effective shopping performance and trust factors as ability, benevolence, integrity, and predictability of a shopping site before they become repeat visitors of the site. In contrast, novice users tend to rely on the low elaborating features, such as the perceived ease of use. The existence of moderating effects suggests the fact that different individuals evaluate an ISM from different perspectives. The expert users are more interested in the outcome of the visit(usefulness) and trustworthiness(trust) than those novice visitors. The latter evaluate the ISM in a more superficial manner focusing on the novelty of the site and on other instrumental beliefs(ease of use). This is consistent with the insights proposed by the Heuristic-Systematic model. According to the Heuristic-Systematic model. a users act on the principle of minimum effort. Thus, the user considers an ISM heuristically, focusing on those aspects that are easy to process and evaluate(ease of use). When the user has sufficient experience and skills, the user will change to systematic processing, where they will evaluate more complex aspects of the site(its usefulness and trustworthiness). This implies that an ISM has to provide a minimum level of ease of use to make it possible for a user to evaluate its usefulness and trustworthiness. Ease of use is a necessary but not sufficient condition for the acceptance and use of an ISM. Overall, the empirical results generally support the proposed model and identify the moderating effect of the effects of user ability. More detailed interpretations and implications of the findings are discussed. The limitations of this study are also discussed to provide directions for future research.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.153-169
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• 2012

전시회는 새로운 상품이나 서비스를 현재 고객들과 미래의 잠재고객들에게 홍보하기 위해 개최하는 효과적인 마케팅 수단으로 중요하다. 기업들은 전시회에 참여를 통해 현재 고객 및 잠재고객들과 대면접촉을 함으로써 기업의 이미지 제고 및 새로운 판로를 확보할 수 있다. 이처럼 전시회의 경제적 중요성이 커짐에 따라, 전시주최자들은 참여기업 및 참관객을 유치하기 위하여 새로운 IT 기술을 전시회에 적용하고 있을 뿐만 아니라 연구자들 또한 참관객의 관람패턴을 분석하기 위하여 다양한 연구를 시도하고 있다. 최근에는 스마트 기술이 발전함으로써 전시 공간 내에서 참관객의 활동을 실시간으로 모니터링 할 수 있어 온라인 전시환경처럼 오프라인 전시회를 방문한 참관객의니즈를 실시간으로 추론하여 참관객의 선호에 적합한 서비스를 제공하기 위한 부스 추천시스템에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 그러나 새로운 기술 개발 측면에서 시스템의 성능을 개선하려는 연구는 지속적으로 진행되어 왔으나 향후 시스템의 개발 방향 및 보급 활성화에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구들이 부족한 실정이다. 부스 추천시스템은 스마트 전시환경에서 새로 도입되는 기술로 부스 추천시스템에 대한 참관객의 수용 후 재사용 의도는 TAM 관점보다는 부스 추천시스템이 참관객의 선호에 적합한 추천정보를 제공하는가에 초점을 맞출 필요가 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 기존 문헌 고찰을 통해 전시환경에서의 부스 추천시스템에 대한 참관객의 만족 및 재사용 의도에 영향을 주는 요인을 도출하여 연구모형을 설계하였다. 이를 통해 향후 스마트 전시환경에서 부스 추천시스템의 개발과 보급 전략에 있어 유용한 시사점을 제공하고자 하였다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 2011년 11월 DMC 컬처 오픈 행사에서 부스 추천시스템을 사용한 참관객을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였고 회귀분석을 통해 가설을 검증하였다. 그 결과, 참관객의 만족에 영향을 미치는 요인은 부스 추천시스템의 효과성, 편의성, 추천품질, 의외성으로 나타났다. 또한, 부스 추천시스템에 대한 참관객의 만족은 재사용 의도 형성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 본 연구가 가지는 의의는 다음과 같다. 먼저, 본 연구결과를 토대로 스마트 전시환경에서 부스 추천시스템에 대한 참관객의 지속적인 서비스 이용을 유도하기 위한 전략을 수립할 때 고려해야 할 주요한 요인을 실증연구를 통해 구체화시켰다는데 의의가 있다. 또한, 스마트 전시환경에서 부스 추천시스템이 성공적으로 도입 및 활용되기 위해서는 참관객의 수용 전후 차별화된 관리가 필요함을 본 연구결과를 통해 제시하였다.

• 마케팅과학연구
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.59-69
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• 2010

绿色环保或者环境意识已经成为商业、政府机关, 以及消费者和世界关注的重要问题. 针对这一情况, 韩国政府宣布, 在本世纪初, "环保建设" 将被作为一种用以鼓励与环保相关的商业活动的方式. 不同层次的韩国服装业, 提出了不同的产品环保的绿色计划. 这些服装产品包括有机产品和回收的衣服. 要想使这些公司成功, 他们需要那些, 在做产品购买,使用, 处置时, 将绿色问题(如环境的可持续性发展)作为一个人判断的一个组成部分的顾客的信息. 这些消费者可以被看成是生态学的关注者. 过去的研究已经对消费者对于环保产品的购买意愿进行了检测. 此外, 还研究了影响生态保护者或绿色消费者的因素. 但是, 只是关注生态保护者在处置或者回收利用衣服上与采购绿色产品相比较是不够的. 服装处置行为有多种途径, 消费者可以用淘汰, 传承(例如: 把它送给一个年幼的弟弟), 赠与, 交换, 出售或者简单的把他扔掉等多种方式来暂时或者永久的摆脱闲置的衣服或贷款项目. 因此, 购买环保产品的行为应该结合服装处置的行为, 从而进一步了解消费者的消费行为与对环境的态度. 本项研究的目的在于提供韩国生态保护者从有利于生态学的角度出发来购买和处理衣服的生活方式的相关信息. 本研究的目标有: 1, 基于韩国对服装处置行为进行分类; 2, 调查人 们人口统计数据, 生活方式和服装消费价值观赏的差异; 3, 在环保的时尚物品的购买意愿和影响因素之间进行比较. 自填式的调查问卷是基于以往的研究设置出来的. 问卷包括10项处置衣服的条款, 22项可持续并且健康的生活方式的条款, 以及19项消费观念的条款. 根据利克特模板的五分量表设置. 此外, 购买两个时尚物品的意愿和每个物品属性的11项特征都是根据利克特模板的七分量表而来, 两种制成羊毛套衫的可以从PET识别代码的回收瓶子中创造出来的涤纶织物这两种套衫选自一个韩国和一个美国的户外运动服装的品牌. 我们对每一种产品的简介和颜色都进行了调查, 人口统计学(即性别, 年龄, 婚姻状况, 教育程度, 收入, 职业)也被包括在内. 在2009年5月份, 研究数据通过一个专业网站的调查机构进行采集, 最后有600份调查问卷可供分析, 这个调查的受访者年龄从20到49岁不等, 平均年龄为34岁. 百分之50的调查者为男性, 大约58%的受访者是已婚者, 其中62%的受访者有大学学位. 主要成分分析和因素最大方法差的方法用以识别衣服处理规模的潜在尺度. 共有三个因素生成(比如: 倒卖行为, 捐赠行为, 不回收利用行为). 基于他们处置衣服的方式对受访者进行了分类, 群类分析被使用, 最终得到了三个部分. 不同的消费者, 被分别贴上 "转售集团", "捐资团体" 以及 "不回收组织" 的标签加以分类, 其中98%是正确的分类. 从人口统计学角度来看, 这三个类别的人在性别, 婚姻状况, 职业和年龄上有显著的差异. 健康可持续的生活方式被缩减为以下5个因素: 自我满意度, 家庭定位, 健康问题, 环境问题和自愿的服务. 这是三个群体中健康可持续的生活方式的最显著的差异. 转售集团和捐赠组表现出在健康可持续的生活方式上的相同倾向, 同时, 不回收集团在生活方式方面呈现最低的平均值. 转售和捐赠团体自称享受和满意这种生活和消费方式, 并且能够利用空余的时间陪伴家人. 另外, 这两组的人关心健康和有机食品, 并试图保护能源和资源. 对服装消费的价值观产生主要影响的三个因素是: 个人价值, 社会价值和实用价值. 因素的方差测试表明转售集团和其他两组之间的因素差异最大. 转售集团相比其他价值更关注个人价值和社会价值. 相比之下, 非回收集团比捐赠集团更关注高层次的社会价值. 比较购买环保产品的意愿上, 转售集团表现出最高的购买A类产品的意愿. 另一方面, 捐赠集团则在小市场中表现出购买B类产品的最高意愿. 此外, 平均分数表明, 购买韩国的产品(B类产品)相比购买美国的产品(A类产品)更合韩国人的心意. 多元线性回归分析法确定了对环保产品的购买的意愿对制造业产品属性的影响. 产品的设计, 价格, 贡献, 对环境的保护, 价格, 兼容性是影响转售集团的显著因素, 另外, 以及对自身形象的影响是捐赠团体的重要因素. 对于非回收集团来说, 设计, 价格等因素是相同的, 自我的形象,对环保运动的贡献, 和环境保护也是很重要的. 而价格因素具有显著性的共通性. 对于B类产品来说, 设计, 合理的价格, 形象等因素是同等的重要, 但是不同的组对购买的特征和意愿有不同的倾向. 健康可持续的生活方式以及服装消费的意向对购买A类产品和B类产品的影响同样被我们所关注. 实际操作者的健康状况和个人价值都是影响购买意愿的重要因素; 然而, 在这三个群体中说服的力度都很低. 结果表明, 分类出来的每组处理服装的行为, 显示着不同服装产品的属性, 个人价值, 和实践者的特点, 这些都影响了他们的购买环保产品的意愿, 结果会使生态保护者提出并组织更合理的生态设计的战略决策.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.443-472
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• 2014

To survive in the global competitive environment, enterprise should be able to solve various problems and find the optimal solution effectively. The big-data is being perceived as a tool for solving enterprise problems effectively and improve competitiveness with its' various problem solving and advanced predictive capabilities. Due to its remarkable performance, the implementation of big data systems has been increased through many enterprises around the world. Currently the big-data is called the 'crude oil' of the 21st century and is expected to provide competitive superiority. The reason why the big data is in the limelight is because while the conventional IT technology has been falling behind much in its possibility level, the big data has gone beyond the technological possibility and has the advantage of being utilized to create new values such as business optimization and new business creation through analysis of big data. Since the big data has been introduced too hastily without considering the strategic value deduction and achievement obtained through the big data, however, there are difficulties in the strategic value deduction and data utilization that can be gained through big data. According to the survey result of 1,800 IT professionals from 18 countries world wide, the percentage of the corporation where the big data is being utilized well was only 28%, and many of them responded that they are having difficulties in strategic value deduction and operation through big data. The strategic value should be deducted and environment phases like corporate internal and external related regulations and systems should be considered in order to introduce big data, but these factors were not well being reflected. The cause of the failure turned out to be that the big data was introduced by way of the IT trend and surrounding environment, but it was introduced hastily in the situation where the introduction condition was not well arranged. The strategic value which can be obtained through big data should be clearly comprehended and systematic environment analysis is very important about applicability in order to introduce successful big data, but since the corporations are considering only partial achievements and technological phases that can be obtained through big data, the successful introduction is not being made. Previous study shows that most of big data researches are focused on big data concept, cases, and practical suggestions without empirical study. The purpose of this study is provide the theoretically and practically useful implementation framework and strategies of big data systems with conducting comprehensive literature review, finding influencing factors for successful big data systems implementation, and analysing empirical models. To do this, the elements which can affect the introduction intention of big data were deducted by reviewing the information system's successful factors, strategic value perception factors, considering factors for the information system introduction environment and big data related literature in order to comprehend the effect factors when the corporations introduce big data and structured questionnaire was developed. After that, the questionnaire and the statistical analysis were performed with the people in charge of the big data inside the corporations as objects. According to the statistical analysis, it was shown that the strategic value perception factor and the inside-industry environmental factors affected positively the introduction intention of big data. The theoretical, practical and political implications deducted from the study result is as follows. The frist theoretical implication is that this study has proposed theoretically effect factors which affect the introduction intention of big data by reviewing the strategic value perception and environmental factors and big data related precedent studies and proposed the variables and measurement items which were analyzed empirically and verified. This study has meaning in that it has measured the influence of each variable on the introduction intention by verifying the relationship between the independent variables and the dependent variables through structural equation model. Second, this study has defined the independent variable(strategic value perception, environment), dependent variable(introduction intention) and regulatory variable(type of business and corporate size) about big data introduction intention and has arranged theoretical base in studying big data related field empirically afterwards by developing measurement items which has obtained credibility and validity. Third, by verifying the strategic value perception factors and the significance about environmental factors proposed in the conventional precedent studies, this study will be able to give aid to the afterwards empirical study about effect factors on big data introduction. The operational implications are as follows. First, this study has arranged the empirical study base about big data field by investigating the cause and effect relationship about the influence of the strategic value perception factor and environmental factor on the introduction intention and proposing the measurement items which has obtained the justice, credibility and validity etc. Second, this study has proposed the study result that the strategic value perception factor affects positively the big data introduction intention and it has meaning in that the importance of the strategic value perception has been presented. Third, the study has proposed that the corporation which introduces big data should consider the big data introduction through precise analysis about industry's internal environment. Fourth, this study has proposed the point that the size and type of business of the corresponding corporation should be considered in introducing the big data by presenting the difference of the effect factors of big data introduction depending on the size and type of business of the corporation. The political implications are as follows. First, variety of utilization of big data is needed. The strategic value that big data has can be accessed in various ways in the product, service field, productivity field, decision making field etc and can be utilized in all the business fields based on that, but the parts that main domestic corporations are considering are limited to some parts of the products and service fields. Accordingly, in introducing big data, reviewing the phase about utilization in detail and design the big data system in a form which can maximize the utilization rate will be necessary. Second, the study is proposing the burden of the cost of the system introduction, difficulty in utilization in the system and lack of credibility in the supply corporations etc in the big data introduction phase by corporations. Since the world IT corporations are predominating the big data market, the big data introduction of domestic corporations can not but to be dependent on the foreign corporations. When considering that fact, that our country does not have global IT corporations even though it is world powerful IT country, the big data can be thought to be the chance to rear world level corporations. Accordingly, the government shall need to rear star corporations through active political support. Third, the corporations' internal and external professional manpower for the big data introduction and operation lacks. Big data is a system where how valuable data can be deducted utilizing data is more important than the system construction itself. For this, talent who are equipped with academic knowledge and experience in various fields like IT, statistics, strategy and management etc and manpower training should be implemented through systematic education for these talents. This study has arranged theoretical base for empirical studies about big data related fields by comprehending the main variables which affect the big data introduction intention and verifying them and is expected to be able to propose useful guidelines for the corporations and policy developers who are considering big data implementationby analyzing empirically that theoretical base.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.53-79
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• 2010

The study was originated from recognition that project participants' satisfaction should be Improved to raise project performance and to make progress of a successful project since the above dissatisfaction was operated as a danger factor of the project. The study selected one large-scale sample project and attempted measuring characteristics of the project, participants' satisfaction and project performance with the whole project participants. The study analyzed correlations between individual level (team members) and group level (development team), and examined what effect a sub project manager under complicated hierarchical organization of the large-scale project, namely PL (project leader)'s leadership style had on each individual project participant's satisfaction and what effect project uncertainty in organization/technology environment had on project participants' satisfaction and project performance. The study verified that development team (group) had an effect on team member (individual)-level project participants' satisfaction by disclosing that there was a significant dispersion among groups within project participants' satisfaction by each individual. It is analyzed that it is necessary to make improvement through approach by each pertinent team to raise individual-level project participants' satisfaction. The study also verified PL's ideal leadership under strict methodology and hierarchical control of the large-scale project. Based on the verification of the hypotheses, the results of the analysis were produced as follows. First, the development team affects the satisfaction level that an individual has when he/she participates in a project. This suggests that the satisfaction with project participation should be improved at the team level. In addition, the project management style and leadership orientation of the manager of a sub project who is mostly affected by the team proved to have a direct influence on the satisfaction with project participation and project performances. Second, both the performance-oriented leadership and the relationship-oriented leadership of the PL of the development team were verified to have a significant effect on the satisfaction of the team members associated with project participation. In other words, when the team members recognize that the PL of the development team shows both the performance-oriented leadership and the relationship-oriented leadership, their satisfaction with project participation increases accordingly. Third, it was verified that the uncertainty of the organizational environment significantly affects the satisfaction level when the PL of the development team exerts a relationship-oriented and performance-oriented leadership. The higher the uncertainty of the organizational environment is, the more the satisfaction with project participation decreases whereas the relationship-oriented leadership has a more positive effect on the satisfaction than the performance-oriented leadership style. Fourth, when the PL of the development team exerts the relationship-related and performance-related leadership, the uncertainty of the technological environment has a significant influence on the satisfaction level. The higher the uncertainty of the technological environment is, the more the satisfaction with project participation decreases whereas the performance-oriented leadership has a more positive effect on the satisfaction than the relationship-oriented leadership style. The result of the research on the uncertainty of the project environment suggests that when the development team leader exerts a relationship-oriented and performance-oriented leadership style, the uncertainty of the organizational environment has a significant effect on the satisfaction with project participation; the higher the uncertainty of the organizational environment, the more the satisfaction level decreases, and the relationship-oriented leadership style affects the satisfaction level more positively than the performance-oriented leadership style. In addition, when the development team leader displays a relationship-oriented and performance-oriented leadership style, the uncertainty of the technological environment has a significant effect on the satisfaction with project participation; the higher the uncertainty of the technological environment. the more the satisfaction level decreases. The performance-oriented leadership style as well affects the satisfaction level more positively than the relationship-oriented leadership style. Based on the above results, the research provides the following implications when handling multiple concurrent projects. First, the satisfaction with the participation in the multiple concurrent projects needs to be enhanced at the team (group) level. Second. the manager of the project team, particularly the middle managers should have both a performance-oriented and relationship (task and human)-oriented attitude and exert a consolidated leadership in order to improve the satisfaction of team members with project participation and their performances. Third, as the uncertainty factor of the technological and organizational environment among the characteristics factors of the project has room for methodological improvement depending on one's effort even though there are some complications, we need to continuously prevent and control the risks resulting from the uncertainties of the technological and organizational environment of the project in order to enhance the satisfaction of project participation and project performances. Fourth, the performance (task)-oriented leadership is required when there is uncertainty in a technological environment while the relationship (human)-oriented leadership is required when there is uncertainty in an organizational environment. This research has the following limitations. First, this research intended to select one large-sized sample project and measure the project characteristics, the satisfaction of all the participants associated with project participation, and their performances. Therefore, it is inappropriate to generalize and apply the result of this result onto other numerous projects. Second, as this case study entailed a survey to measure the characteristics factors and performance of the project, since the result value was based on the perception of project team members, the data may have insufficient objectivity. Third, though this research targeted on all the project participants, some development teams did not provide sufficient data and questionnaires were collected from some specific development teams among the 23 development teams, causing a significant deviation in the response rate among the development teams. Therefore, we need to continuously conduct the follow-up researches making comparisons among the multiple projects, and centering on the characteristics factors of the project and its satisfaction level.