• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.291-299
• /
• 2005

Objectives : It is well known that cigarette smoking is harzardous to the osseointegration of dental implant, due to the impaired wound healing accompanied by reduced alveolar bone density. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of cigarette smoke on the implant osseointegration by the time factor consideration. Materials and methods : Twenty-four male Spraque-Dawley rats (8 weeks, weighting 200 to 250g) were used in this study. In the experimental group, 13 rats were exposed to cigarette smoke, 8 minutes per day during 6 weeks, and 12 rats in the control group were not exposed at any time. RBM (Resorbed blasting media) surfaced implant (diameter 3.3mm, length 5.0mm, AVANA Co., Korea) was placed in the right femur of each rat. Each implant with surrounding bone was prepared with microtome (cutting band 0.2mm$^{(R)}$, EXAKT Co., Germany) after 1 day, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks and stained with toluidine blue (1%). Another clinical investigation of each implant was also done at each evaluation time. Results : Clinical investigation around implant fixture showed that there were no significant differences between the control and experimental group. Microscopic observation around implant fixture showed that there were significant differences between the control and experimental group at the initial stage after implant fixture installation. Experimental group showed a decreased bone to implant contact within 4 weeks compared to control group, but showed similar characteristics after 4 weeks. Conclusion : Smoking inhalation effect on the dental implant showed the impaired wound healing by vasoconstriction and decreased intramedullary blood flow at initial stage of osseointegration. This experimental results can be clinically useful to the implant surgery of smoking patients.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
• /
• 1977.06a
• /
• pp.7.1-7
• /
• 1977

According to Bryce and Cranston, prolapse of the laryngeal ventricle is a protrusion of the ventricular mucosa into the laryngeal cavity from inflammatory hyperplasia or edema. This 53 year old female patient was admitted to our hospital March 11, 1977 with the chief complaints of dyspnea and hoarseness. On admission, evaluation of the larynx revealed smooth surfaced round pink-reddish mass protruding bilaterally beneath the false cord. The airway was almost completely obstructed by the tumor mass, but neither ulceration nor infiltration was seen, also no lymphnode was palpable in the neck. Tracheotomy was performed for the relief of dyspnea and biopsy was done endoscopically. Histologic study showed chronic inflammation. On April 2, 1977 laryngofissure was performed under general anesthesia. Laryngeal examination revealed smooth surfaced, plate like, pinkreddish mass protruding bilaterally from both laryngeal ventricles into the laryngeal cavity and extending the whole length of the ventricle antero-posteriorly and touching each other. Biopsy was taken of the mass and the result was non-specific inflammatory hyperplasia of the larynx. Postoperatively, the air way is completely clear of obstruction but mild hoarseness still remains. No recurrent mass is visible in the larynx. In view of the symptoms, operative findings and histological findings, this case is diagnosed as "Prolapse of the laryngeal ventricle". The prolapse of the laryngeal ventricle is a very rare lesion and is reported with review of the literature.

• The Korean Journal of Zoology
• /
• v.24 no.3
• /
• pp.133-144
• /
• 1981

The ultrastructures of the pigment cells in the Asiatic land salamander (Hynobius leechi) dorsal skin were obtained by means of electron microscope. The results were as follows; 1. The pigment cells of the epidermis consisted of the melanocytes in the germinal layer and of the melanophores distributing to the keratinocyte layer. The traits of these cells in the epidermis were as follows: A. The nuclei of the melanocytes were round or oval in shape and appeared as partly small or large infoldings of the nuclear envelope. B. Rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulums and Golgi complexes were well developed in infranuclear cytoplasm. Many ribosomes were mainly distributed around the perinuclear portion. C. The melanosomes of the melanocytes were observed as a found or an oval shape and strong electron-dense or less electron-dense melanosomes were observed. D. The infoldings of the nuclear envelope in the melanophore were partly found deeper than those of the melanocyte. The cytoplasm of the melanophore filled with melanosomes caused organelles not to be observed in that. 2. The pigment cells in the dermis were composed of the xanthophores just beneath basement membrane and the melanophores in the connective tissue. The traits of these cells in the dermis were as follows: A. The xanthophores contained round or oval vesicles, and these vesicles were divided into 6 types (type I pterinosome, type II pterinosome, type III pterinosomes, type iv pterinosome, type V pterinosome, type VI pterinosome). B. Most of the nuclei of the melanophores in the dermis were elongate in shape, and a portion of the nuclear envelope was deep infolded. C. Becuase the cytoplasm was filled with the melanosomes of the same electron-density, organelles were not observed in the cytoplasm. D. Two processes of the melanophore in the dermis extended in parallel with a xanthophore and the cytoplasm in those processes were filled with the melanosomes.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.141-151
• /
• 2002

The success of sericulture industry in India is mainly attributed to the well-planned annual sericultural activity and the systematic implementation of pest preventive and control measures. The insect spectrum of silkworm and its food plants is complex and plays a major role in limiting the production of silk. Insects cause extensive damage to plant whereas predators and parasites either kill the silkworm larvae or force them to spin flimsy cocoons. Unilateral control measure against this pest is mainly based on the use of synthetic organic insecticides. Though these approaches initially paid rich dividends, the undesirable consequences soon surfaced. Insecticide induced resurgence of gall midges, leafhopper, leaf roller, secondary pest out breaks and development of pest biotypes has led to realization of Integrated Pest Management in sericulture. Various components of IPM, viz. Host plant resistance, cultural practices, biological control, chemical control and integrating them at various technological levels have been studied. Sources of host plant resistance have been identified for some of the major insect pests. High yielding mulberry variety has been propagated and their resistances towards major pests have been recorded. Cultural practices like pruning, pollarding, judicious use of nitrogen, optimum spacing and weed management have preyed to be the powerful tools in containing pests. Natural control over the pest population build- up exerted by the wide range of parasitoids, predators and pathogens has been well documented with identification of natural enemies and studies on their potential. Augmentation, through inoculation or inundative releases of parasitic arthropods, is the most direct way of increasing the numbers of these beneficials in sericulture.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.567-582
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to qualitatively identify the typologies and characteristics of the big data marketing strategy in major companies that are taking advantage of the big data business in Korea. Big data means piles accumulated from converging platforms such as computing infrastructures, smart devices, social networking and new media, and big data is also an analytic technique itself. Numerous enterprises have grown conscious that big data can be a most significant resource or capability since the issue of big data recently surfaced abruptly in Korea. Companies will be obliged to design their own implementing plans for big data marketing and to customize their own analytic skills in the new era of big data, which will fundamentally transform how businesses operate and how they engage with customers, suppliers, partners and employees. This research employed a Q-study, which is a methodology, model, and theory used in 'subjectivity' research to interpret professional panels' perceptions or opinions through in-depth interviews. This method includes a series of q-sorting analysis processes, proposing 40 stimuli statements (q-sample) compressed out of about 60 (q-population) and explaining the big data marketing model derived from in-depth interviews with 20 marketing managers who belong to major companies(q-sorters). As a result, this study makes fundamental contributions to proposing new findings and insights for small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) and policy makers that need guidelines or direction for future big data business.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.523-534
• /
• 2009

The purpose of this study is to categorize the dimensions of the visual evaluation of the costume details of the retro romantic fashion and to research on the costume details and the visual evaluation by evaluators' gender, age, and major, and on their preferences. Quantitative research were conducted for this study. Based on the pictures, 10 costume details were selected for the survey questions and data were collected. All 446 subjects who participated in this research were college students(males and females) residing in or near Seoul. Data were collected in September, 2008. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS which included: factor analysis, Cronbach's $\alpha$ reliability analysis, three-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range tests, and the t-test. The results of visual evaluation of retro romantic fashion are as follows: First, as a result of the factor analysis of the costume detail evaluation, five factors including attractiveness, decorativeness, cuteness, retro, and femininity surfaced. Second, the gender difference in the results of the research revealed that women rated decorative, cute, retro, and feminine characteristics higher than men did. Third, there were significant interactive effects in attractiveness and femininity depending on costume details and evaluators' gender. Fourth, subjects majoring in fashion valued attractiveness and femininity of the stimulus over non-fashion majoring subjects. Fifth, there were significant differences in the preferences of costume details depending on gender.

• Applied Microscopy
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.379-390
• /
• 1998

Dermal wound healing responses in the skin of the toad, Bombina orientalis, were examined using transmission electron microscopy. At 12 hours after wounding, debridement and collagenolysis occurred in damaged dermis. Histocyte has a large nucleus and long cytoplasm process. Phagocytic vesicle and lysosome were observed in the cytoplasm. Damaged blood cells were transformed spindle to irregular shape. Autolysis was observed in their cytoplasm. Histocytes are found in poly-band. The irregularly shaped nucleus is located peripheral region in cytoplasm. At 2 days after wounding, partial aggregation of blood cells is observed. Phagocytic, activity is observed in histocyte and collagenolytic collagen fibers are scattered. Fibroblast is observed in the dermis at 3 days after wounding. Clusters of ribosomes and some short cisternae of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum are found in the cytoplasm. In histocyte at 7 days post wounding, various size granules composed of moderately dense material are found the cytoplasm. In this period histocyte is round to rod in profile, with slender processes projecting from the surface. At 7 day after injury, it was observed that formation of connective tissue fibers and amorphous ground substance in regenerating skin.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.25-33
• /
• 1983

With electron microscope, author studied on the pulp structure of human primary tooth in shedding stage. Non-carious human primary molar teeth were selected for this study. Using standard methods, specimens were sectioned and examined by light and electron microscope, The results were as follows; 1. In coronal pulp, odontoblasts were replaced by multinucleated odontoclasts, which contained a large number of mitochondria of varying shape and vacuoles in cytoplasm. Where odontoclasts were in contact with tooth surface, the characteristic ruffled border and clear zone were observed. 2. Fibrous tissue with plentiful collagen fibers and fibroblasts was observed adjacent to the dentin in the pulp. Fibroblast contained a number of mitochondria and well-developed rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum. 3. Inflammatory cells were observed in the pulp and active fibroblasts could be seen between inflammatory cells. In many cases, cervical epithelium proliferated toward absorbed area. 4. Inflammatory cells consisted of a number of lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, plasma cells and macrophages. Macrophage containing lysosomes in digestive state or phagocyting PMN could be seen. 5. In the primary molar of delayed root resorption, odontoblast layer, zone of Weil and cell-rich zone could be seen at roof of pulp chamber and odontoblast in this area cont과ained some lipid droplets.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.21
• /
• pp.325-361
• /
• 1994

The Library of Congress' proposal to license LC MARC database and the following debate over the proposal shows that the issue on ownership of bibliographic databases, which surfaced as a topic of concern in the international library community with the OCLC's a n.0, pplication for copyright of its databases in 1982, is not fading or dead into the 1990s. In particular, the way that technological developments are outpacing the ability of the relevant organizations and legal systems to make necessary adjustments is giving the library profession a warning that cooperative efforts for further development of the international library systems, such as the UBC program, might be seriously impeded without a swift and amicable agreement on the controversial 'database ownership' issue. Here, the purpose of this paper lies in discussing the 'database ownership' issue from a macro and long-term perspective, with emphasis on its potential impacts on, and implications for, international information flows. To the end, the specific questions covered in this paper include : 1) what are the major causes of the database ownership controversy? 2) what are the potential impacts of the database ownership issue on the library profession's cooperative efforts toward free bibliographic information flows at the international level? And finally, 3) what are the implications of the database ownership issue for the Korean Library Community, which is making efforts toward the establishment of a national library network in near future through linking various library automation systems.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.161-166
• /
• 1983

The origin of hamartoma from the Greek words for "error" and "tumor" is credited to Albrecht who in 1904 described a disorganized arrangement of tissues normally present in an organ and applied also to tumors found in many organs other than the lung. The hamartoma is the most common benign tumor of the lung and revealed accidentally as asymptomatic coin lesion on routine chest X-ray, but the incidence is very low and especially endobronchial origin extremely low. We have been successful surgical experienced one case of a 36-year-old female having endobronchial hamartoma, 4x2.Sx2 cm in size and located at right main bronchial lumen near the carina, which consists of a hard, nodular surfaced mass and adhered to the cartilaginous portion of the right upper lobe bronchus by dense fibrous band and migrate to trachea on expiration or coughing. This case was not suspected by chest X-ray or bronchogram and confirmed bronchoscopy with biopsy. Right pneumonectomy was inevitable because of bronchiectatic change of right bronchus due to tumor obstruction. She was discharged with relatively good general condition on 21 days postoperatively.