This studies have been carried out for several years to develop more better urea resin treating process on silk textiles which may be better crease resist without harming on the textile touch feeling. Specially, this paper payed attention to minimize the necessary formaldehyde content to be condensed with urea and created a new processing method which is named as Homo Metalic Urea Resin found to be better than urea resin process. The obtained results are as followings. 1. The prepared urea resin was found to be smell-less because of minimized formaldehyde content is the least than any other reports carried out before than this. 2. A new type of urea resin has been created by using uric 2incchloride and formaldehyde which is named as Homo Metalic Urea Resin. This processing method may carry both weighing process and urea resin process. 3. Crease resistance, stiffness and bulkiness were increased through such resin treats. Homo metalic urea resin process showed better results than the urea resin process. 4. Spun silk or low twisted silk have shown better crease resistance than raw silk or high twisted silk upon the both resin treats. 5. Both treat methods were found to be good economical feasibility upon the silk finishing process. 6. Tenacity and elongation of silk fibers were found to decrease some what because of grafting or weighing results. 7. Wooly silk has been also created with specific urea resin process. Such silk could be obtained by formaldehyde gas treat with urea soaken silk in a chamber, which induced to form scale on the surface of silk fibers.
The Main payload of the STSAT-3 (Korea Science & Technology Satellite-3), MIRIS (Multipurpose Infra-Red Imaging System) has been developed for last 3 years by KASI, and its Flight Model (FM) is now being developed as the final stage. All optical lenses and the opto-mechanical components of the FM have been completely fabricated with slight modifications that have been made to some components based on the Engineering Qualification Model (EQM) performances. The components of the telescope have been assembled and the test results show its optical performances are acceptable for required specifications in visual wavelength (@633 nm) at room temperature. The ensuing focal plane integration and focus test will be made soon using the vacuum chamber. The MIRIS mechanical structure of the EQM has been modified to develop FM according to the performance and environment test results. The filter-wheel module in the cryostat was newly designed with Finite Element Analysis (FEM) in order to compensate for the vibration stress in the launching conditions. Surface finishing of all components were also modified to implement the thermal model for the passive cooling technique. The FM electronics design has been completed for final fabrication process. Some minor modifications of the electronics boards were made based on EQM test performances. The ground calibration tests of MIRIS FM will be made with the science grade Teledyne PICNIC IR-array.
The purpose of this study was to eximine the effect of different yam twisting methods on mechanical properties and 3D CAD images of plain knitted fabrics made of composite yarns. Six yams were used in this study: four different composite yams of the six consist of acetate and functional polyester (Poly-m) with the ratio of 70:30, and the rest two are the original acetate $100\%$ yam and the poly-m $100\%$ yarn. The four kinds of composite yarns were processed in combinations of twisting processes such as interlacing, false twisting, two for one twisting, combined twisting and single covering, and the two original yams were knitted without any twisting process. Sixteen mechanical properties of all the six knitted fabrics, knitted under the same knitting conditions, were measured by KES-FB system with the outer knit condition. The results were as follows; 1) When the sample applied with the false twisting process at the temperature as high as $220^{\circ}C$, ENT, B, HB, G and RC values of samples increased which leads to increasing dimensional stability. 2) To gain the high bending and shear properties in the single covering process, selecting the core yarn with such properties is the most important factor. 3) Interlacing process effected to increase RC value. 4) False twisting process after interlacing process gave bulkiness and un-interlaced part in yam was increased SMD value. The SMD value of the kilted fabric of the composite yarn, which was put through the combined twist process, was higher than those of which simple process such as the two for one twist or the single covering process applied. In order to achieve the silk-like surface feel of knitted fabric, the sin91e covering process is recommended. 5) Examining the simulation images of the knifed fabrics of composite yarn, which were generated by the 3D CAD system based on the mechanical properties of the fabric, led that appearance could be changed as different twisting methods were applied.
In the past, European material and method were applied to conservation of Buddhist mural paintings in Korea. At that time, there were inadequate to selection of materials in consideration of porosity and hydrophilicity, therefore insufficiency to assessing their suitability for materials. The treatment result of mural painting are dissatisfied with consolidation of painting layer using synthetic resin. Therefore, it has experimented on applying fixative for reinforcement of painting layer on Buddhist mural painting in order to establish the effects of conservation. In relationship of binder's viscosity, adhesion and penetrating depth, adhesion increased in high-viscosity specimen whereas it decreased in low-viscosity specimen. While the binder's penetrating depths show similar patterns, the surface's response and combination adjacent to painting layer have differences. Animal glue and methyl cellulose (MC) shows excellent performance in their reaction with soil and painting layer. It is estimated that the fixative penetrates deep into soil to produce a stable fixing effect. The viscosity of polyvinyl acetate resin (PVAc) and acrylic resins are low, and thus penetrates well into soil, but they adhere poorly to soil.
Kim, Young-Keun;Lee, Chong-Min;Park, Eun-Kyung;Park, Hong-Soo
Applied Chemistry for Engineering
/
v.5
no.2
/
pp.345-356
/
1994
Each of the three cationized compounds synthesized previously, poly(OMA-co-DAMA)[PODC], poly(DMA-co-DAMA)[PDDC] and poly(EMA-co-DAMA)[PEDC] was blended with waxes, emulsifiers and cationized fatty carbamide(ODTCC) synthesized in this study for the preparation of some durable softening water-repellenting agents, PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW. The results of washability, tearing strength, crease recovery and contact angle of the cotton fabrics treated with PODCW, PDDCW and PEDCW with and without textile finishing resin, showed remarkable improvement of the physical properties. Rating of water repellency of cotton fabric treated with PODCW was 80, but those treated with PDDCW and PEDCW were not high enough to use in industry. Proper curing temperature of the synthesized water-repelleting agents was $140^{\circ}C$; proper using concentration was 3wt%; sodium acetate was the best catalyst for water-repellenting agents among the used, and proper concentration was 0.6wt%. From the results of reaction mechanism of cellulosic fiber with water-repellenting agent and washability of the fibers treated with water-repellenting agents the prepared water-repellenting agent proved to be durable. Surface structures of cotton fabrics treated with water-repellenting agent were investigated by SEM.
With the development and proliferation of three-dimensional(3D) printers, consumers in modern society can now print products of what they want three-dimensionally at home. However, consumers themselves would have to produce digital design maps that are compatible with 3D printers and to set up the optimum printing quality and temperature, as well as to pay for maintenance and repair of 3D printers and to respond to any possible lawsuits related to intellectual property right about designs in order to make possible consumer-tailored manufacturing through 3D printing. However, in reality, since it is very difficult for consumers to respond to these issues, it is necessary to develop services that perform 3D printing on behalf of consumers in the desired direction. Motivated by this objective, this study investigated user experiences on Shapeways(www.shapeways.com), which is a global online 3D printing product and sales companies, from many viewpoints in order to obtain insight into 3D printing services and modes which were preferred by consumers. The study result showed that quantitative evaluations on usability, search process, price adequacy, re-visit intention, diversity of design, and satisfaction of design was scored low overall. Furthermore, this study acquired insight about consumer-tailored 3D printing services through constructive suggestions on multi-language support, openness of manufacturing process, simultaneous operation of online and offline sites, design-oriented consumer-tailored manufacturing service, services that ensure delivery safety and product durability, and surface finishing services. This study is expected to provide a wide range of opinions not only on 3D printing service platform development but also on related industry and research.
There are many results in which acoustical conditions of a classroom play an important role for studying effects and academic achievement of students. However, there are very few guidelines or design proposals which could make appropriate acoustic environment when classrooms are built or renovated. The present study suggests various design proposals satisfying acoustic standards of classrooms based on theoretical calculation and acoustic field experiments. At first, minimum area of sound absorption was calculated which is required to satisfy the acoustic standard for domestic middle and high schools. Also, room acoustic measurements were carried out in order to investigate the acoustic performance of an existing classroom by changing interior finishing materials on ceiling and rear walls. As a result, it was revealed that reverberation time standard below 0.8 s can be acquired even if there is no sound absorption on ceiling which is a general practice executed in Korea. Specially, it was found that if partial area of ceiling would be treated as reflective with the ratio of sound absorption and reflection as 2:1, almost similar acoustic parameters of $C_{50}$, $D_{50}$, RASTI (Rapid Speech Transmission Index) and higher sound levels could be acquired in comparison with the case of entire sound absorption on ceiling.
We investigated the effect of polyethylene glycol(PEG) treatment of preservative treated green japanese cedar(Cryptomeria japonica) round posts on their preservative penetration and check formation during the air drying. The round rods were dip-treated in 10% preservative solution of Basilit CFK for 1 day, followed by application(3, 5, and 10 times) with 50% PEG-400 solution, and then dried for 30 days under natural conditions. The rate of preservative penetration into sapwood was a low by 23.2% without PEG treatment, whereas that was a high by about 51.2~64.5% with PEG treatment. From these results, it was assumed that PEG played an affirmative role in the penetration of preservative components loaded onto the surface of round rods by dipping. During the air drying, the formation of drying checks decreased significantly with increasing application times of PEG. Even though some drying checks in PEG treated rods were developed, the number and size of checks was reduced remarkably by PEG treatment. After 2 months of outdoor exposure, PEG treatment failed to reduce checking in preservative-treated rods whereas finishing of polyurethane resin lacquer after PEG treatment was significantly effective in preventing check development.
Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
/
v.32
no.1
s.55
/
pp.45-51
/
2006
In the field of makeup cosmetics, especially, powder-based foundations such as two-way cake, pact and face powder, the quality of which is known to be strongly influenced by the properties of powder, surface treatment technology is widely used as a method to improve the various characteristics of powder texture, wear properties, dispersion ability and so on. The two-way cake or pressed-powder foundation is one of the familiar makeup products in Asian market for deep covering and finishing purpose. In spite of the relent progress in surface modification method such as composition of powders with different characteristics and application of a diversity of coating ingredient (metal soap, amino acid, silicone and fluorine), this product possess a technical difficulty to enhance both of the adhesion power and spreadability on the skin in addition to potential claim of consumer about heavy or thick feeling. This article is covering the preparation and coating method of nano-vesicle that mimic the double-layered lipid lamellar structure existing between the corneocytes of the stratum corneum in the skin for the purpose of improving both of two important physical characteristic of two-way cake, spreadability and adhering force to skin, and obtining better affinity to skin. Nano-vesicle was prepared using the high-pressure emulsifying process of lecithin, pseudo ceramide, butylene glycol and tocopheryl acetate. This nano-sized emulsion was added to powder-dispersed aqueous phase together with bivalent metal salt solution and then the filtering and drying procedure was followed to yield the nano-vesicle coated powder. The amount of nano-vesicle coated on the powder was able to regulated by the concentration of metal salt and this novel powder showed the lower friction coefficient, more uniform condition of application and higher adhesive powder comparing with the alkyl silane treated powder from the test result of spreadability and wear properties using friction meter and air jet method. Two-wav cake containing newly developed coated powder with nano-vesicle showed the similar advantages in the frictional and adhesive characteristics.
A total of ninety swine ($79.0{\pm}2.2\;kg$) were employed for 58 d to determine the meat quality of pigs fed fermented agricultural by-products (FAB) mainly consisting of brewers grain shell. FAB was replaced with commercial feed at dietary levels of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% (T1) and 30%, 60%, 100%, 100%, and 100% (T2) at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5-9 wk, respectively. Compared with the control (CON) feed, FAD feed had lower moisture and nitrogen-free extract content, and higher crude fat, crude fiber, and total calorie (p<0.05). The protein content, amino acid profile, and pH values of pork loin were not affected by dietary treatment. However, higher moisture, crude ash, and meat cholesterol, and lower fat, were found in CON compared with treatment (p<0.05). FAB treatment significantly improved drip loss and cooking loss value (p<0.05), and increased the CIE $L^*$ values of loin and back-fat surface, whereas it decreased the CIE $a^*$ values of loin surface (pp<0.05). The results indicate that dietary FAB affected meat cholesterol and fat content, and improved drip loss and cooking loss, but had no affect on amino acid composition.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.