• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.312-324
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• 2008

In this study, the functional property as a super abrasive material was secured for CBN powder by the electroless Ni-P plating on the surface of the particle. The plating solution has been prepared to control the surface morphology by regulating surfactants and process conditions. The effects of processing parameters on the surface morphology of CBN powder was discussed. The results are summarized as follows; A stable plating tendency was achieved from 1 hour after quantitatively dropping reducing agent. It was observed that more than 50% of the weight gain was obtained by Ni-P coating on the surface of CBN super abrasive powder. The morphology of the Ni-P coating layer is consisted of botryoidal and spiky type and it could be controlled by regulating processing parameters. Superior characteristic in terms of surface morphology was found in the nonionic surfactant XL-80N. It was found that XL-80N considerably decreased surface tension of CBN powder and Ni-P alloy surface then enhance wettability as well as plating rate. Metal coated CBN powder as a raw material of resin bond wheel has been developed through this investigation.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.368-374
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• 2009

Nickel titanium shape memory alloys (NiTi) have been investigated for applications in the biomedical industry. However, little is known about the influences of surface modifications on the propertise of these alloys. The effect of electropolishing and heat treatments was found to exhibit significant surface roughness. Change of phase was B2, r-phase and B19' by heat treatments. In this study, effect of the electropolishing conditions on surface roughness is investigated in Ni-Ti alloys (Nitinol). Variation in phases with heat treatment temperature is investigated for a Ni-Ti alloy by X-ray diffraction and DSC. Characteristic of the microstructure have been observed by SEM. Surface roughness have been measured by AFM. The results clearly show that significant different in surface property to heat treated at $500^{\circ}C$ (R-phase). $TiO_2$ phases preciritated all of the specimens. It is not good effect of surface roughness because made to surface relief. The surface roughness appears to be important in the property of Ni-Ti alloys for biomedical applications.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2022

Fibrous supercapacitors (FSs), owing to their high power density, good safety characteristic, and high flexibility, have recently been in the spotlight as energy storage devices for wearable electronics. However, despite these advantages, FCs face many challenges related to their active material of carbon fiber (CF). CF has low surface area and poor wettability between electrode and electrolyte, which result in low capacitance and poor long-term stability at high current densities. To overcome these limits, fibrous supercapacitors made using surface-activated CF (FS-SACF) are here suggested; these materials have improved specific surface area and better wettability, obtained by introducing porous structure and oxygen-containing functional groups on the CF surface, respectively, through surface engineering. The FS-SACF shows an improved ion diffusion coefficient and better electrochemical performance, including high specific capacity of 223.6 mF cm^-2 at current density of 10 ㎂ cm^-2, high-rate performance of 171.2 mF cm^-2 at current density of 50.0 ㎂ cm^-2, and remarkable, ultrafast cycling stability (96.2 % after 1,000 cycles at current density of 250.0 ㎂ cm^-2). The excellent electrochemical performance is definitely due to the effects of surface functionalization on CF, leading to improved specific surface area and superior ion diffusion capability.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2017

To become a person that is suitable to the 'High-Touch' generation where emotion takes over, we can focus on 6 skill including design, story, harmony, empathy, play, and meaning. Among these skills, harmony with design was chosen as the most important skill. Design can be seen as the basic element of all business, but it will be difficult to match the flow of the future Sensibility and intuitive generation with just the modern design that has been made based on reasonable and objective information and knowledge. This study suggests system and standardization of Sensibility surface processing design that satisfies great quality, attractive quality and Sensibility quality by applying surface processing design of product and Sensibility cognitive factors felt by the consumer by setting differentiated strategy and CMF (Color, Material, Finishing) understanding along with the importance of design materials in primary aspect. By considering the efficacy/characteristic of new surface processing characteristic/differentiation/possibility of implementation according to setting direction of differentiated CMF strategy per type of parts applied to the product, visual surface processing sample was implemented. Through this, it is expected that practical communication connected tool and Sensibility surface processing design's strategic access framework can be applied by understanding and sharing comprehensive elements such as target product, part type, applied material, applied surface processing, surface color, surface texture, and implementing feeling to environments such as designers, CMF designers, surface processing experts, and engineers in IT, electronics, and other areas. when developing a product.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.230-237
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• 2015

Soil deformation on the off-load ground is significantly affected by soil conditions, such as soil type, water content, and etc. Thus, the soil characteristics should be estimated for predicting vehicle movements on the off-load conditions. The plate-sinkage test, a widely-used experimental test for predicting the wheel-soil interaction, provides the soil characteristic parameters from the relationship between soil stress and plate sinkage. In this study, soil stress under the plate-sinkage situation is calculated by the DEM (Discrete Element Method) model. We developed a virtual soil bin with DEM to obtain the vertical reaction forces under the plate pressing the soil surface. Also parametric studies to investigate effects of DEM model parameters, such as, particle density, Young's modulus, dynamic friction, rolling friction, and adhesion, on the characteristic soil parameters were performed.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.588-592
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• 2004

Effect of the UO$_2$ powder characteristic changes by dynamic milling method on the density was investigated. particle size decreased and its shape was changed from irregular to round form with increasing milling time (0∼8 h), while its specific surface area and O/U ratio increased. It was shown that the sintered density decreased, while green density increased with these powder characteristic changes. It could be considered that this decrement was affected by increased O/U ratio of the UO$_2$ powder during dynamic milling.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.83-91
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• 2004

This study focuses on defining the new meaning of immateriality in the present times expressed on space. The purposes of this study were to examine the characteristics of immateriality showed in commercial interior design in Korea, based on the definition of immateriality concept and the analysis of the way it is expressed. The result of this study is as follows; it categorized characteristic of material expression, space concept and media. Characteristic elements can be classified into 6: transparency, implication, off-gravitation, ambiguity of boundary, temporality, interactivity. Expression of immateriality in commercial interior space was obtained in many different ways, which are identified: new expression of material by reduction of materiality, leveling of transparency, expression of floating status, changeable image, illusion effect, blurring boundary. Immateriality is deeply associated with the elements such as surface, material, media, light, and movement. So it is being recognized as an important design concept in today's pluralist society and will play an important role within the design paradigms for the future.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07d
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• pp.2203-2204
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• 2006

When the coil with alternating current approaches to the conductor the eddy current flows in conductor. Eddy current is concentrated on the conductor surface and decrescent because of skin effet.. In this paper investigated eddy current characteristic that is happened in conductor. Analyzed characteristic using electromagnetic field finite element analysis program that is commercialized to analyze value of eddy current and penetration depth. Analyzed creation value of eddy current and penetration depth in conductor that change operation frequency and the material of conductor, coil outside diameter, inside diameter, position, type of conductor from analyzed eddy current characteristic. The results. using distribution of eddy current and penetration depth data is that will help to forecast ECT(Eddy Current Testing), Eddy current application and use field, eddy current loss.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07a
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• pp.571-572
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• 2006

When the coil with alternating current approaches to the conductor the eddy current flows in conductor. Eddy current is concentrated on the conductor surface and decrescent because of skin effet.. In this paper investigated eddy current characteristic that is happened in conductor. Analyzed characteristic using electromagnetic field finite element analysis program that is commercialized to analyze value of eddy current and penetration depth. Analyzed creation value of eddy current and penetration depth in conductor that change operation frequency and the material of conductor, coil outside diameter, inside diameter, position, type of conductor from analyzed eddy current characteristic. The results, using distribution of eddy current and penetration depth data is that will help to forecast ECT(Eddy Current Testing), Eddy current application and use field, eddy current loss.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.383-383
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• 2010

TiN is one of the mostly used barrier materials in copper metallization because of low friction coefficient and superior electrical properties. We need to investigate for the etching characteristic of TiN. In this study, we investigated about etching characteristic of TiN using $BCl_3$/Ar inductively coupled plasma system. The etch rate was measured by a depth pro filer. The chemical etching reactions of the TiN surface was investigated X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.