• 대한치과기공학회지
• /
• 제38권4호
• /
• pp.263-272
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to measure and compare a degree of setting expansion of dental stone by time depending on the mixing methods and mixing ratios of dental stone, to compare the surface state of each specimen with the use of an optical camera with microscope, and thereby to provide a fundamental material for making dental prostheses. Methods: The test on setting expansion of dental stone is based on ISO 6873. With two different mixing ratios and three kinds of stone mixing methods, test groups were created, and a total of six types of specimens (N=30) were made. Based on the specimens, the setting expansion rate of each one was measured in each time slot of 24 hours, and the surface of the set stone was measured. Results: According to the analysis on setting expansion rate of stone, the setting expansion of the specimen that was created in the way of vacuum mixing at normal mixing ratio was 0.1944% at 120 minutes; the setting expansion of the specimen that was created in the way of vacuum mixing at the mixing ratio which was 40% higher than normal mixing ratio was 0.195% at 120 minutes; the setting expansion of the specimen that was created in the way of mixing with hands at normal mixing ratio and then removing bubbles in vacuum mixer was 0.196% at 120 minutes. Conclusion: The setting expansion rate of each dental stone specimen was significantly different with the lapse of time up to 24 hours(p<.001).

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.199-202
• /
• 2005

High speed milling process is emerging as an important fabrication process benefits include the ability to fabricate micro and meso-scale parts out of a greater range of materials and with more varied geometry. It also enables the creation of micro and meso-scale molds for injection molding. Factors affecting surface roughness have not been studied in depth for this process. A series of experiments has been conducted in order to begin to characterize the factors affecting surface roughness and determine the range of attainable surface roughness values for the high speed milling process. It has previously been shown that run-out creates a greater problem for the dimensional accuracy of parts created by high speed milling process. And run-out also has a more significant effect on the surface quality of milled parts. The surface roughness traces reveal large peak to valley variations. This run-out is generated by spindle dynamics and tool geometry. In order to investigate the relationship between tool setting errors and surface roughness end tilted mills were used to cut aluminum samples. The results indicate that tool setting errors have significant effects on surface roughness and cutting forces.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 가을학술발표대회논문집
• /
• pp.17-18
• /
• 2023

This study aims to compare the hardness value development characteristics according to the water-cement ratio during a series of experiments to develop a setting estimator for an AI-based concrete finishing automation system. For the test variables, water-cement ratios are varied with 30, 40 and 50%. Proctor penetration test and surface hardness test by setting time estimator are conducted to estimate the setting time. For the effect of water-cement ratios, they did not affect the surface hardness either, while initial set time and final set time are not constant with water-cement ratios.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국신재생에너지학회 2010년도 추계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.54-54
• /
• 2010

In this study, the correlation between temperature and the gel-content of the module were analyzed through experiments. Amorphous thin-film solar cell used in this experiment has a visible light transmission performance of 10%. In addition, ethylene vinyl acetate(EVA) film and the clear glass have been used for the modulation. The most important process is to laminate the module in the manufacturing process of BIPV(Building integrated photovoltaic) module. Setting parameters of laminator in the lamination process are temperature, pressure and time. Setting conditions significantly affect the durability, watertightness and airtightness of module. The most important factor in the setting parameters is temperature to satisfy the gel-contents. The bottom and top surface temperature of module are measured according to setting temperature of laminator. The results showed $145^{\circ}C$ of max temperature of the bottom surface and $128^{\circ}C$ of max temperature of top surface on the module at the temperature condition of $160^{\circ}C$. And at the another temperature condition of laminator with $150^{\circ}C$, the max temperature do bottom and top are $117^{\circ}C$ and $134^{\circ}C$ respectively. The temperature difference between bottom and top of the module occurred, that is because heat has been blocked by the clear glass and the bottom of the cells absorb the heat from the laminator. In this particular, the temperature difference between setting temperature of the laminator and the surface temperature of the module showed $15^{\circ}C$, because the heat of laminator plate is transferred to the surface of the module and heat is lost at this time. As a results, gel-content showed 94.8%, 88.7% and 81.7% respectively according to the setting temperature $155^{\circ}C$, $150^{\circ}C$ and $145^{\circ}C$ of the laminator. In conclusion, the surface temperature of module increases, the gel-contents is relatively increased. But if the laminator plate temperature is too high, the gel-content shows rather decline in performance. Furthermore, the temperature difference between setting temperature and the surface temperature of the module is affected by laminating machine itself and the temperature of module should be considered when setting the laminator.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.87-88
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of estimating optimum surface finish time of the fresh concrete placed at the job site by applying a surface hardness test meter(Durometer). Tests are carried out by measuring and comparing the Penetration resistance test and hardness test by Durometer. Penetration resistance tester and improved Durometer are similar, but the higher the temperature, the higher the setting time, and the higher the correlation was shown. When the hardness value of the improved Durometer is about 50 HD, it is found that the initial and 80 HD represent the end. It is expected that this will be useful in determining the finish time of the surface at the actual site.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2020년도 가을 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.169-170
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study is to explore the possibility of estimating optimum surface finish time of the fresh concrete placed at the job site by applying a surface hardness test meter(Durometer). Tests are carried out by measuring and comparing the Penetration resistance test and hardness test by Durometer. Penetration resistance tester and improved Durometer are similar, but the higher the temperature, the higher the setting time, and the higher the correlation was shown. When the hardness value of the improved Durometer is about 50 HD, it is found that the initial and 80 HD represent the end. It is expected that this will be useful in determining the finish time of the surface at the actual site.

• 한국건축시공학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.433-440
• /
• 2020

콘크리트 공사에서 타설완료 후 마감작업은 표면 평활화, 수밀성 향상, 침하 및 소성수축 균열방지 등의 목적으로 반드시 실시되어야 한다. 그런데, 표면마감작업은 초결과 종결 사이의 소성상태에서 실시 되어야 하는데, 종전의 경우는 기능공의 감에 의해 결정되었다. 이에 일본의 Kato junjj는 초결의 경우 반구형 듀로미터, 종결의 경우 핀형 듀로미터로 추정하는 것을 제안한 바 있다. 그렇지만, 2개의 듀로미터를 사용함의 번잡함 및 시멘트 페이스트의 기기내부 침입으로 인한 고장의 원인이 됨에 따라 본 연구에서는 반구형 듀로미터의 침을 원주형으로 변형시킨 개량형 듀로미터로 개발하였다. 이때 개량형 듀로미터의 사용 가능성은 결합재로 플라이애시의 치환율, 골재에 Coal gasification slag의 치환율을 변화시킨 콘크리트 배합에 적용하여 사용 가능을 분석하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국건축시공학회 2023년도 봄 학술논문 발표대회
• /
• pp.143-144
• /
• 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of estimating the setting time and compressive strength in Ternary Blended Concrete(TBC) using Settimeter, Strength meter, and Hybrid meter. It was determined that the hardness values at the initial setting time and final setting time of Settimeter, Hybrid meter, and at the 5 MPa of Strength meter were not affected by the mixing ratio of TBC. However, future studies need to consider the errors caused by the instability of the measurement surface during condensation and the state of the measurement surface after hardening.

• 대한토목학회논문집
• /
• 제32권5D호
• /
• pp.483-492
• /
• 2012

슬립폼 공법에 있어서 초기경화시간은 콘크리트가 거푸집에서 안전하게 빠져나올 수 있는 굳기를 갖게 되는 콘크리트 타설 후 경화시간으로써 슬립폼 시스템의 상승속도를 결정하는 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 슬립폼 시스템의 안전성 확보와 콘크리트의 시공품질을 확보하도록 초기경화시간을 파악하는 기술이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 초음파를 이용하는 기법 중 표면파 속도를 이용하여 콘크리트의 경화정도를 파악하여 초기경화시간을 추정함으로써 슬립폼 시스템의 상승 시기를 결정하는 연구를 수행하였다. 관입저항시험과 압축강도시험을 수행하여 콘크리트의 초기경화시간과 압축강도와의 관계를 규명하였고, 또한 압축강도와 표면파 속도와의 관계를 규명하기 위해 초음파시험을 동시에 수행하였다. 표면파 속도를 측정하기 위해 연속웨이블릿변환을 사용하였으며, 이때 수치해석을 통해 연속웨이블릿변환의 사용에 대한 타당성을 입증하였다. 이로부터 슬립폼 시스템의 상승에 요구되는 표면파 전파속도를 제안하였으며, 슬립폼 시스템의 축소모형실험을 수행하여 제안한 표면파 속도가 슬립폼 상승 시기를 결정하는데 사용될 수 있음을 입증하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 콘크리트 타설 현장에서 숙력된 작업자의 경험과 감각에만 의존하던 표면 마감작업 시간을 듀로미터의 경도치로 추정이 가능한지 프록터 관입저항 시험치와 비교하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과로 듀로미터 경도치와 프록터 관입저항치는 상관성이 매우 높게 나타났다. 따라서 콘크리트 표면에서 듀로미터 측정값으로 초결 시간은 듀로미터 C 타입으로 41 HD전후 일 때, 종결 시간은 듀로미터 D 타입으로 11 HD전후 일 때로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 프록터 관입저항 시험기보다 듀로미터의 경우는 편리한 휴대성을 가지고 콘크리트의 표면 마감 작업시간을 정량적으로 관리할 수 있을 것으로 사료되었다.