• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.293-301
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to find the space perception by the scene and to analyze the characteristics in the exhibition space. The data for the analysis was collected through a questionnaire survey method. The questionnaire is composed of a scene selection on the panoramic photographs of the exhibition space. 'The 4 Rivers Cultural Center - The ARK' was selected as the subject of this survey. The results of the study are presented as follows : First, the space perception perceived imaged scenes rather than the specific elements of space. Second, the space perception was revealed through the 'Form', 'Materials', 'Light', 'Lighting', 'Furniture' and 'Media' of notable elements. Also that was perceived by forming 'Line', 'Surface' and 'Volume'. Particularly, the perception of 'Surface' was higher than 'Line' and 'Volume'. 'Surface' was perceived mostly through the 'Color'. The perception of 'Line' was positive to 'Boundary' or 'Continuous placement of the light'. In addition, the perception of 'Volume' was positive to 'The curve of the form', 'Transparent material', 'Three-dimensional elements'. Finally, The type of space perception was chosen as 'Extension', 'Center', 'Deep', 'Boundary' and 'Formative'. In this way, the results of this study will set a foundation for developing design methods to induce the space perception by the scene in the exhibition space.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Korea Aerospace Research Institute(KARI) has accomplished the planning study for setting up the mid-long term development plan of Goheung Aviation Test Center for the extensive use. In the future the aviation center will have a role of the complex center for the flight test, component test and R&D in Korea. KARI searches the legal requirements and informations for constructing the aviation test airfield in Goheung. Aviation law describes a lot of requirements to construct an airfield and the airfield also needs runway, equipments/facilities, obstacle limitation surfaces/distances, limitation altitudes and air space etc.. In this study the research results for the obstacle limitation Surface are mainly presented relating to the existing runway and the new large-scaled runway in Goheung.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.32.3-33
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• 2021

We present H I gas kinematics and star formation activities of NGC 6822, a dwarf galaxy located in the Local Volume at a distance of ~ 490 kpc. We perform profile decomposition of the line-of-sight velocity profiles of the high-resolution (42.4" × 12" spatial; 1.6 km/s spectral) H I data cube taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). For this, we use a new tool, the so-called BAYGAUD (BAYesian GAUssian Decompositor) which is based on Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques, allowing us to decompose a line-of-sight velocity profile into an optimal number of Gaussian components in a quantitative manner. We classify the decomposed H I gas components of NGC 6822 into bulk-narrow, bulk-broad, and non_bulk with respect to their velocity and velocity dispersion. We correlate their gas surface densities with the surface star formation rates derived using both GALEX far-ultraviolet and WISE 22 micron data to examine the impact of gas turbulence caused by stellar feedback on the Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) law. The bulk-narrow component that resides within r25 is likely to follow the linear extension of the Kennicutt-Schmidt (K-S) law for molecular hydrogen (H2) at the low gas surface density regime where H I is not saturated.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.5-18
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• 2014

Depending on the underground load support mechanism, anchors are classified as friction anchors, bearing plate anchors and the recently developed combined friction-bearing plate anchors which combine the characteristics of both the friction and bearing plate type anchors. Even though numerous studies have been performed on bearing plate anchors, there were only few studies performed to observe the failure surface of bearing plate anchors. Furthermore most of the soil materials used on these tests were not real sand but carbon rods. In this study, sand was placed in the soil tank and laboratory tests were performed with bearing plate anchors installed with an embedment depth (H/h) ranging from 1~6. The variation in the pullout capacity and the behaviour of soil with the embedment depth (H/h) were observed. Ground deformation analysis program was also used to analyze soil displacement, zero extension direction, maximum shear strain contours. It was determined from the analysis of the results that at ultimate pullout resistance the deformation was 5 mm and the failure surface occurred in a narrower area when compared with results of the previous researches. It was also observed that the width of the fracture surface gradually becomes wider and expands up to the surface as the deformation increases from 10 mm to 15 mm.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2012

This study was investigated to evaluate the effects of fertilizer application of surface and broadcast for rice culture on the soil chemical, physical, and microbial properties as well as growth and yield of rice. The application was made with 'Dongjin 1' rice at Jeollanam-do Agricultural Research & Extension Services from 2008 to 2010. Soil organic matter and cation concentrations were increased by surface and broadcast applications, respectively. Plots treated by surface application tended to be higher seasonal N-mineralization rate in the organic fertilizer and seasonal soil organic matter than those of broadcast application. Soil physical properties seemed to be improved by the broadcast application, and soil microbial properties were increased by the surface application. Surface application increased 5% of rice yield compared to that of broadcast.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.491-499
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• 2001

Generally, several hydrological characteristics which can be obtained from geographic processing in GIS S/W would be utilized to actual hydrological applications such as landslide stability or drainage analysis. Furthermore, by using practical GIS extension programs, it can be possible that automatic extraction task of those information, which was time-consuming and complex processing, is performed as systematical and automatic processing. In this study, using ArcView GIS S/W and its extensions concerning hydrological processing, some waterflow and surface factors in the area of Yemi sheet scaled 1:50,000 were extracted. Then, assessment of landslide stability, determined by DEM-based variables were carried out in order to investigate practical applicability of extension programs. It is thought that several hydrological factors extracted by this study were significant information to predict field model or hydrological hazardous events. It also reveals that landslide potential is overall stable with stability index mapping and S-A plot, with theoretical basis. This methodology can be applicable to other areas related to hydrological characteristics with measurements in fields.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.112-115
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• 2001

Salt accumulation and movement by runoff ware studied in runoff resevior lysimeter constructed in a green house located in the area of Cheongju, Chungbuk province. Average runoff ratio of rainfall within period of this experiment was 58%. The average content of cations lost from field soil by runoff was in the order of $Ca^{2+}(27.12\;mg/L\;)$ > $K^+(9.18\;mg/L)$ > $Mg^{2+}(2.53\;mg/L)$ > $Na^+(1.89\;mg/L)$ and in the care anions $SO_4\;^{2-}(63.38\;mg\;/L)$ > $NO_3\;^-(25.40\;mg/L)$ > $Cl^-(4.19\;mg/L)$ > $PO_4\;^{3-}(3.18\;mg/L)$. Amounts of salt movement by runoff $SO_4\;^{2-}(140.2\;kg/ha)$, $Ca^{2+}(59.9\;kg/ha)$, $NO_3\;^-(56.1\;kg/ha)$, $K^+(20.3\;kg/ha)$, $Cl^-(9.3\;kg/ha)$, $PO_4\;^{3-}(7.0\;kg/ha)$, $Mg^{2+}(5.6\;kg/ha)$ and $Na^+(4.2\;kg/ha)$. The loss amount of $PO_4\;^{3-}$ was the lowest among the anions investigated in this experiment. $P_2O_5$ was accumulated on the soil surface due to strong affinity for the sorption site on the soil particle surface.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.433-442
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• 2016

In this study, we examine future changes in surface radiation associated with cloud amount and aerosol emission over East Asia. Data in this study is HadGEM2-CC (Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model version 2, Carbon Cycle) simulations of the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6/4.5/8.5. Results show that temperature and precipitation increase with rising of the atmosphere $CO_2$. At the end of $21^{st}$ century (2070~2099) relative to the end of $20^{st}$ century (1981~2005), changes in temperature and precipitation rate are expected to increase by $+1.85^{\circ}C/+6.6%$ for RCP2.6, $+3.09^{\circ}C/+8.5%$ for RCP4.5, $+5.49^{\circ}C/10%$ for RCP8.5. The warming results from increasing Net Down Surface Long Wave Radiation Flux (LW) and Net Down Surface Short Wave Radiation Flux (SW) as well. SW change increases mainly from reduced total Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and low-level cloud amount. LW change is associated with increasing of atmospheric $CO_2$ and total cloud amount, since increasing cloud amounts are related to absorb LW radiation and remit the energy toward the surface. The enhancement of precipitation is attributed by increasing of high-level cloud amount. Such climate conditions are favorable for vegetation growth and extension. Expansion of C3 grass and shrub is distinct over East Asia, inducing large latent heat flux increment.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.277-284
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• 1998

The raw food waste of Korea contained markedly high sodium chloride and such high sodium chloride concentration in the soil is a factor limiting plant growth and impairing soil physicochemical properties. This study was carried out to assess the effect of NaCl-containing compost on the growth of lettuce(Lactuca satjva L.) and on the soil chemical properties. For the experiment, six treatments applying 0, 0.5, 1, 3, 6, and 9% NaCl-containing composts at the rate of $20Mg\;ha^{-1}$ were conducted established in a greenhouse. Growth measurements, chemical analysis of lettuce foliage, and soil chemical properties after the harvest were investigated. Lettuce yield in the treatments applied to composts over 3% NaCl was gradually reduced and mortality of lettuce as well as Na concent ration of lettuce foliage progressively increased with successively higher NaCl concentration of composts. With an increase of NaCl concentration of composts, the values of ESP and exchangeable sodium concentration in the surface soil were significantly increased. Especially, ESP of surface soil in the treatment incorporated with 9% NaCl-containing compost after the harvest attained by about 15, suggesting that sodification of surface soil under a greenhouse condition can occur when the compost over 9% NaCl is applied to soil. In conclusion, the application of over 3% NaCl-containing compost at the rates of $20Mg\;ha^{-1}$ can cause undesirable influences in plant growth and also the treatments of over 6% NaCl-containing composts can create conspicuous deteriorations in soil chemical properties in the current year.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.241-245
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• 2011

The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of organic materials commonly used for rice culture on the soil chemical properties and yield and quality of rice. Treatments were applied on the surface layer after rice planting and included: A) Kumsugangsangold, commonly used as a nutrient source for organic rice culture in Chonnam province (compost I), B) Rice bran, containing large quantities of vegetable ingredient (compost II), C) Chamdalkom, manufacturing by-product fish (compost III), and D) Hangawi, mixing anmimal and vegetable ingredients (compost IV). Seasonal N-mineralization rate was faster on the compost I and III with lower C:N ratio than those of the compost II and IV. Soil chemiceal properties were not significantly affected by treatments. Seasonal organic matter was higher on the compost II and IV with high input of the organic materials than those of compost I and III, which would affect the level of biomass C. Higher rice yield treated by compost I was observed in year 1, but no significant difference was observed in years 2 and 3.