• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2007

In this paper, the prototype of surface EMG (ElectroMyoGram) sensor is developed for the robotic rehabilitation applications, and the developed sensor is composed of the electrodes, analog signal amplifiers, analog filters, ADC (analog to digital converter), and DSP (digital signal processor) for coding the application example. Since the raw EMG signal is very low voltage, it is amplified by about one thousand times. The artifacts of amplified EMG signal are removed by using the band-pass filter. Also, the processed analog EMG signal is converted into the digital form by using ADC embedded in DSP. The developed sensor shows approximately the linear characteristics between the amplitude values of the sensor signals measured from the biceps brachii of human upper arm and the joint angles of human elbow. Finally, to show the performance of the developed EMG sensor, we suggest the application example about the real-time human elbow motion acquisition by using the developed sensor.

• The Journal of Korea CHUNA Manual Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.243-249
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• 2004

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the effect of flexion-distraction technique by measuring surface EMG in low back pain groups. Methods : 5 low back pain patients' constact time, power, fatigue, recovery of muscle were measured before and after flexion-distraction technique. Results : The asymmetry ratio of surface EMG in low back pain groups were Increased, but decreased after flexion-distraction technique. Conclusions : Surface EMG might be used for evaluating the effect of flexion-distraction technique.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2013

Background or Objectives : The purpose of this study is to review oriental medicine journal that have been utilize Surface EMG in Korea, China, Japan and compare each country's trend in studies. Methods : We investigated studies in relation to surface EMG through 10 articles in Korea from OASIS, 74 articles in China from CAJ, 6 articles in Japan from J-stage. Results : Of 90 articles, 6 articles in Korea, 7 article in China, 6 articles in Japan, totally 19 articles selected. There was no big differences number of articles, type of articles among three countries. There was differences topic of articles, treatment method of articles among three countries. Conclusion : The result of this study could provide useful information of field of Surface EMG is used in Oriental medicine. Studies about Surface EMG performed in different way in Korea, China, Japan.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.743-746
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• 2011

An implementation for surface EMG network analysis and vertical control system of robotic arm is presented in this paper. The transmembranes are simulated by equivalent circuit and cable equation for propagation to be converted to circuit networks. The implementation is realized to be derived from the detecting EMG signal from 3 electrodes, and EMG transmembrane signals of human arm muscles are detected by several surface electrodes, high performance amplifier and filtering, converting analog to digital data and driving a servomotor for spontaneous robotic arm. The system is experimented by monitoring multiple steps vertical control angles corresponding to biceps muscle movement. The experimental results are that the vertical moving control level is measured to around 2 degrees and mean error ranges are lower 5%.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.1951-1958
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• 2011

The objective of this study is to analyze the performance of digital low-pass differentiators(LPD) and then to provide a method to select effective LPD filter, for detecting spikes of surface motor unit action potentials(MUAP). The successful spike detection of MUAPs is a first important step for EMG signal decomposition. The performances of simple and weighted LPD(SLPD and WLPD) filters are analyzed based on different filter lengths and varying MUAPs from simulated surface EMG signals. The SNR improving coefficient and effective MUAP duration range from the analysis results can be used to select proper LPD filters under the varying conditions of surface EMG.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2733-2736
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• 2003

This paper proposes a dry-type active surface EMG electrode for the myoelectric prosthetic hand. The designed electrode is small size for embedding in the socket of prosthetic hand, and it has three leads including the reference of signal. To acquire EMG signal rejected the power noise, a precision differential amplifier and various filters such as the band pass filter band rejection filter, low pass and high pass filter are embedded on the electrode. The final output of the electrode is integrated absolute EMG (IEMG) obtained by full rectifier and moving average circuits. From experimental results using the implemented dry-type active surface EMG electrode, the proposed electrode is feasible for the myoelectric prosthetic hand.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.16-25
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to determine the muscle activity of the abdominalis and erector spinae during bridging and unilateral bridging exercises on the firm surface, the sir-fit, and the foam roll. Eighteen healthy young subjects were recruited for this study. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activities were recorded from the both sides of the rectus abdominalis, external obliques, internal obliques, and erector spinae muscles during bridging and unilateral bridging-exercises. A one-way repeated analysis of variance was used to compare the EMG activity of each muscle according to the support surface condition. Differences in the EMG activities between the bridging and unilateral bridging exercises, and between the right and left side were assessed using a paired t-test. The study showed that the EMG activities of all of the muscles were significantly higher when the bridging exercise was performed using the foam roll or sit-fit than on the firm surface. The EMG activities of the right rectus abdominis, right external obliques, the right internal oblique, and both erector spinae were significantly higher during unilateral bridging ex exercise using the foam roll or the sit-fit than on the firm surface. The EMG activities of all of the muscles were significantly higher during the unilateral bridging exercise than during the bridging exercise. Based on these finding, performing the unilateral bridging exercise using the sit-fit or the foam roll is a useful method for facilitating trunk muscle strength and lumbar stability.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.527-535
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• 2008

Many signal processing techniques have been described in the literature for estimating amplitude, frequency and duration variables of the surface EMG signal detected during constant voluntary contractions. They have been used in different application areas for the non-invasive assessment of muscle function. The main purpose of our research is to compare the most frequently used algorithms for information extraction from surface EMG signals under varying conditions in terms of the different window lengths, muscle contraction levels, muscles and subjects. In particular we focus on the issue of estimating the slope and intercept to resolve an linear regression line with utilizing real SEMG signals which represents voluntary contractions during thirty seconds.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2006

It has been known that there is strong relationship between human voices and the movements of the articulatory facial muscles. In this paper, we utilize this knowledge to implement an automatic speech recognition scheme which uses solely surface electromyogram (EMG) signals. The EMG signals were acquired from three articulatory facial muscles. Preliminary, 10 Korean digits were used as recognition variables. The various feature parameters including filter bank outputs, linear predictive coefficients and cepstrum coefficients were evaluated to find the appropriate parameters for EMG-based speech recognition. The sequence of the EMG signals for each word is modelled by a hidden Markov model (HMM) framework. A continuous word recognition approach was investigated in this work. Hence, the model for each word is obtained by concatenating the subword models and the embedded re-estimation techniques were employed in the training stage. The findings indicate that such a system may have a capacity to recognize speech signals with an accuracy of up to 90%, in case when mel-filter bank output was used as the feature parameters for recognition.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2018

Objectives This study was performed to compare the electrical methods of motor points mapping using surface EMG and electric probe (Pointer Excel II). Methods 32 healthy adults (male 16, female 16) were selected. and classified into two groups; surface EMG group, electric probe (Pointer Excel II) group. In surface EMG group, motor points were searched by recoding the compound muscle potentials. In electric probe (Pointer Excel II) group, motor points were searched by scanning the skin with Pointer Excel II at low level stimulation. The locations of the motor points were expressed as X and Y values in relation to the reference line. The horizontal reference line was set as elbow crease and the vertical reference line was set as the line connecting coracoid process to the center of the horizontal reference line. The data was analyzed by 'Independent T-test' and 'equivalence test'. Results 1. The motor points of short head and long head of biceps brachii muscle were located at about 2/3 length of the vertical reference line from coracoid process and about 1/5~1/4 length of the half of the horizontal reference line from the vertical reference line in both group. 2. The motor points of the short head were located more distally and close to the vertical reference line (p<0.001). 3. In surface EMG group, the motor points of the long head were located more laterally in the female than male. And the motor points of the long head were located more distally in the left side than right side (p<0.05). In electric probe (Pointer Excel II) group, similar tendency was observed but there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05). 4. As a result of the equivalence test between surface EMG group and electric probe (Pointer Excel II) group, the confidence intervals of the difference were within the equivalence limit. Therefore, the locations of the motor points searched by two ways are equa l (p>0.05, equivalence interval=3%). Conclusions The results indicate that electric probe (Pointer Excel II) can be used to search the motor points instead of surface EMG. This might improve the clinical efficiency when using the motor points to treat muscle dysfunction.