• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2012.10a
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• pp.909-910
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• 2012

Shipbuilding is an order made assembly production basically. To build a single vessel, it costs hundreds of thousands small and big parts and million tons of structural steel. From contract to delivery, It takes 2 years of time in general. Shipbuilding parts are supplied order made based in and out of the country. For the cost and efficiency issue, on-time supply of ship parts is critical. Thus, this study suggests the optimum material management system plan of ship components for the best result.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.133-137
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• 2003

Float has been just recognized spare time for disposing of unexpected conditions as by-product of CPM(critical-path-method) calculations, in spite of important method for construction period, taking in material, human supply and cost reducation in construction process management. Also float necessary follow method of contract by ownership problem and effect construct management of use. The purpose of this study was to examine current recognition and application grade of float in construction project. In addition, the study proposes improvement strategies of float application for efficient progress plan and control.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2015

In the industrial accident that occurred in the recent contract type of business or establishment (including subcontractor) employers and contractors who demand among employers, would be liable to have a proper discussion on how to prevent industrial accidents. To resolve this issue, it introduced the discussion with the Japanese legal system, which has a system similar to the Occupational Safety and seeks to help us in our country's future institutional improvements.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.221-236
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• 2015

Application software is delivered to customers as a form of service at cloud environment. A cloud service provider is a marketplace between supply side (application providers) and demand side (customers). Cloud service providers have to validate applications to be included in their service portfolio. Not only performance, security, networking, compliances should be checked but also business contract, authentication should be provided. Organization customers are more sensitive to these validation criteria and process. We study the Internet2 NET+, which is a successful cloud marketplace of applications for research and education organizations. This case study shows us three things : (i) a cloud marketplace's application management process : selection, validation, transition to service, customization of applications (ii) what a cloud marketplace has for its infrastructure like authentication, security, access control etc. (iii) what a cloud marketplace has as its governance structure. This case study will provide informative analysis of Internet2 NET, a profit-making vertical and buyer's marketplace (education industry). And we will get some strategic implications for planning and implementing cloud marketplaces.

• 중국학논총
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• no.72
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• pp.223-238
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• 2021

Most of the Chinese immigrants in the 19th century migrated to the eastern part of the Malay Peninsula via Penang. At that time, the British colonial government recruited Chinese immigrants to supply Chinese labor. The influence of the Chinese in Penang has been greatly increased due to the continuous influx of Chinese immigrants. Specifically, looking at Chinese immigration, from 1805 to 1815, a large number of Chinese labor migrants, from about 500 to 1,000, arrived from Macao to Penang, Malaysia, and they were all contract migrants. In the late 19th century, most of the Chinese in the Malay Peninsula were resettlement from Penang and Singapore. At that time, the Malay Peninsula desperately needed to clear the jungle for farm development, and thus a large-scale labor force was needed. Therefore, the Chinese labor force that was overflowing in Penang and Singapore was able to meet the demand for labor in the Malay Peninsula.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.12 no.1 s.28
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• pp.188-202
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• 2006

With large corporations entering into the foodservice market, competitions among those foodservice providers became intense, leading to differentiated quality services in terms of portioning out the meal, its portion and waiting time, not to mention food quality. The purpose of providing foodservice is to satisfy its customers, to secure optimum level of profits, and attain continuous quality improvement. To have such purpose attained, all other factors affecting the foodservice should be allowed to play a role. The intensity of the work performed by the employees should be maintained at a steady level and systematically controlled. 'Service First’ principles upholding that customer satisfaction comes from good service should be applied at all times; customer satisfaction comes from the satisfaction of the employees. Customer satisfaction through good service will contribute to an increase in revenue which we get by subtracting operating expenses from the total sales, as it will lead to concluding a long-term supply contract or renewing the existing contract. To keep the operating expenses to the minimum level, it is important to effectively perform the cost control. Since personnel expenses occupy a large portion of the operating expenses, it is imperative to effectively control the labor costs. For this reason, this study will present an effective program for disposition of men with a large organization being centered around, where the number of people served at the mess hall varies greatly depending on a day of the week and a mealtime of the day.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.147-169
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• 2009

This paper deals with disputes incurred from the CISG provisions in relation with the conformity of goods with a view to finding the general way of approach made by the court and arbitration tribunal in the case laws for the interpretation of CISG based on 6(six) cases thereon. Throughout this study, it has been noted that the German Supreme Court devoted most in creating the general principle of CISG interpretation in relation with national compulsory law of regulation applicable on the conformity of goods. It was New Zealand mussels case in which the German supreme court decided that the exporting country's compulsory law of regulation would be applied in determining the conformity of goods. Furthermore, German supreme court added that CISG does not place an obligation on the exporter to supply goods, which conform to all statutory or other public provisions in force in the import state unless the same provisions exist in the export State as well, or the importer informed the exporter about such provisions existing in the import state, or the exporter had knowledge of the provisions due to special circumstances. It is stipulated in CISG that the goods conform with contract if they are fit for the purpose for which goods of the same description would ordinarily be used. When questions arise concerning matters governed by the CISG that are not expressly defined in the CISG, the question is to be settled in conformity with general principles on which the convention is based. Only when such a general principle cannot be found may the tribunal turn to other sources such as UNIDROIT Principles, Principles of European Contract Law and Lex Mercatoria, etc. Interpretation of CISG should be autonomous, in the sense that it should not depend on principles and concepts derived from any national legal system. Even where a CISG rule is directly inspired by domestic law, the court should not fall back on its domestic law, but interpret the rule by reference to the CISG with a view to its international character and to the need to promote uniformity in its application and the observance of good faith in international trade.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.40-52
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• 2010

Health insurance fees are set by relative value scales and conversion factors. Since 2008 the conversion factor has been classified into 7 according to the provider type, and a separate contract has been made respectively. As such classification of the conversion factor reflects only the different characteristics of providers, however, further classification to reflect the different cost structures of providers is proposed. Cost varies according to the type of not only providers but also services each provider supply. In fact different cost structures of providers are the result of their different services. This study analyzed the cost structure of medical services to propose a new approach to the classification of the conversion factor. This study analyzed the cost structure of medical services using cost data constructed in the revision study of relative value scales. The cost data consist of doctor's fee, support staff's fee, cost of medical equipments, cost of medical supplies and indirect cost. The proportion of each cost component to the total cost was analyzed in terms of service department and service type. 72 service groups are defined in terms of the combination of service department and service type. Through cluster analysis, 72 service groups were reduced into 7 clusters each of which has a similar cost structure. Conversion factor is contracted annually to reflect the change in the cost of providing medical services. So the classification of conversion factor has to be based on the cost structures of medical services, not the characteristics of providers. Service clusters derived in this study can be used as a new classification for health insurance fee contract.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.43-59
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• 2012

As contemporary building construction type is getting higher and deeper,construction equipment usage is getting more, and related fatal accidents are on an increasing trend. In these days, due to the deteriorating construction business circumstance, job finding problem of equipment operator, and dumping contract, equipment lease suppliers are putin jeopardy. In high-rise building construction, especially tower crane, mobile elevated work platform and other High place operation cars among construction equipment cause many critical accidents because of drop supply of construction biding bringing out dumping contract could cause unsafe and poor construction management. Because of this, a method was drawn which could grasp the present state of construction equipment management and manage safety of the equipment more easily for accident prevention by choosing 2 kinds of Construction equipment which cause safety accident frequently among the equipment mainly used in construction site. This study suggested a method about construction equipment safety management using "smart phone" base which could be used in safety management for construction equipment by whomever in construction site. After attachment of QR code included safety checklist, It became possible that site managers could check more efficiently by scanning with their smart phone when they inspect equipment. Moreover, by the construction interested who didn't know what and how they have to inspect could point out unsafe condition in the early stage of equipment entering or take unsafe one out of the site by using new smart phone safety checking system is installed, it became possible that critical accident caused by construction equipment was prevented in advance.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.71-77
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• 2013

Broadcaster and production studio inevitably take the risk in Korea because the outsourced drama is contracted before produced. However, it is important for both parties to share risk and reward. This study seeks to assess the fairness of the copyright contract between broadcaster and production studio by examining whether they both have the balanced risk and reward structure. For the study, revenue and cost elements with their amounts are identified, which come from TV commercials, oversea sales, the secondary windows, sponsorship, and product placement. Next, the revenue and COGS (Cost of goods sold) of broadcaster and studio are estimated for both cases of when drama becomes successful or not. The analysis reveals that the current copyright agreement allows broadcaster hold low risk but high reward whilst production studio takes high risk low reward. However, the result doesn't imply that government intervention is justified because demand and supply determine the negotiation power in a free economy.