• Title/Summary/Keyword: Super-station

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Effect of Grain Size on Corrosion Resistance and High Temperature Oxidation Behavior of 22Cr-15Ni-5W Super Austenitic Stainless Steels (22Cr-15Ni-5W 슈퍼 오스테나이트계(系) 스테인리스강(鋼)의 고온산화(高溫酸化) 및 내식성(耐蝕性)에 미치는 결정립(結晶粒) 크기의 영향(影響))

  • Kim, H.J.;Lee, H.W.;Lee, J.M.;Kang, C.Y.
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.10 no.3
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    • pp.51-57
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    • 2006
  • The effect of grain size on corrosion resistance and high temperature oxidation behavior was studied in 22Cr-15Ni-5W super austenitic stainless steels for desulfurization equipment as a heat power station. In the high temperature oxidation test, oxidation rate was increased as the temperature increased from $600^{\circ}C\;to\;800^{\circ}C$. In vapor, oxidation rate was faster than that in air. Because the vapor was inhibited nucleation of $Cr_2O_3$ film. And the high temperature oxidation resistance at $600^{\circ}C{\sim}800^{\circ}C$ was excellent from all specimens and specimen of the smallest grain size was the most excellent. Because increasing of diffusion course through the grain-boundary was promoted nucleation and growth of $Cr_2O_3$ film. In the test temperature at $600^{\circ}C{\sim}800^{\circ}C$, Cr rich round particle oxide was formed in air, whereas Fe rich needle type oxide was developed in vapor.

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A Study on the Architectural Strategy of SNCF in Station Design (프랑스 공영 기업 SNCF의 역사건축을 통한 기업 이미지 전략에 관한 연구)

  • 이은석;전동훈
    • Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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    • no.17
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    • pp.103-108
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    • 1998
  • In contemporary architecture, "Function" should be required reconsideration and overall observation in architectural design. Especially, the architecture of the enterprise purely based on the increment of productivity and profits need to concern new implication of function in contemporary architectural design. The architectural strategy of three major European enterprise SNCF present its crucial role of architecture concernmg the presentation and enhancement of the company images. In the process of the numerous construction of the super fast train (T.G.Y) station, SNCF emphasis the technology of the company through the expression of High Tech in the building design. This study clearly explains new implication of function required in relations between the contemporary architecture and the enterprise. the enterprise.

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The design of transmitting antenna on the optical satelite communication up-link in rain (광위성 통신시 업링크에서 강우에 따른 송신 안테나 설계)

  • 정진호
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
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    • v.34D no.6
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 1997
  • Today's wireless communication needs the super-high speed for picture transmission as well as voice. The optical communication with the very wide bandwidth is suitable for this demand. To fulfill the optical wireless communication, however, the atmospheric attenuation in rainy weather condition must be overcome. In the optical satellite up-link communication between geo-satellite and earth station, the factors of attenuation are turbulence, pointing error, scattering, and so on. The most serious factor for these is the scattering by rain. Under the weather conditiion of rain and cloud, in this paper, the atmospheic attenuation which affects the optical satellite up-link communication was considered, and the optimum idameter of the optical satellite transmitting antenna in the earth station versus elevation angles, data rates and rainfall rates was presented.

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Effect of Body Condition Score (BCS) on In Vivo Embryo Production and Pregnancy Rate Following Superovulation in Hanwoo (한우에서 신체충실지수(BCS)가 다배란 처리 시 체내 수정란 생산과 수태율에 미치는 영향)

  • Yeom, Gyu-Tae;Park, Hae-Geum;Kim, Nam-Tae;Kim, Sung-Woo;Kim, Hyun;Do, Yoon-Jung;Kim, Young-Sin;Park, Soo-Bong;Kim, Jae-Hwan;Cho, Sang-Rae;Cho, Jae-Hyeon;Ko, Yeoung-Gyu
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.28 no.1
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    • pp.7-12
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    • 2013
  • Body condition score (BCS) is a useful management tool for distinguishing differences in nutritional needs of cows in the herd. Although it is not always possible to quantify the nutrient content of the feed supplied to the donor cow, the nutritional status can be determined by the BCS. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vivo embryo production, return to estrous of donor and pregnancy rate of recipients following BCS in Hanwoo superovulation. Sixty nine Hanwoo donor cows were flushed on day 7 of estrus cycle with same FSH and artificial insemination by the same technicians. Embryos were recovered on 7 days after the third insemination by flushing the uterus with Embryo Collection Medium. The results obtained were as follows: No differences were observed in the efficiency of superovulation rates regardless of BCS ($${\leq_-}2.0$$, 2.5 to 3.0, and $${\geq_-}3.5$$). The mean number of total embryos was each $5.20{\pm}0.86$, $11.56{\pm}1.04$, and $6.23{\pm}1.07$. The mean number of transferable embryo from $${\leq_-}2.0$$, 2.5 to 3.0, and $${\geq_-}3.5$$ of BCS was $2.60{\pm}0.87$, $7.94{\pm}0.89$, and $4.75{\pm}1.32$, respectively (p<0.05). Return to estrous regardless of donor BCS was no difference. The pregnancy rates of recipient were BCS $${\leq_-}2.0$$ 11.76%, 2.5 to 3.0 40.79%, and $${\geq_-}3.5$$ 11.11%, following transfer of fresh embryos produced in vivo, respectively. These results indicate that if the Hanwoo with BCS 2.5 to 3.3 are used for donor and recipient, the embryo production and the conception rate will be greater.

Dual Super Cluster Head Underwater Sensor Network Routing Protocol (듀얼 슈퍼 클러스터 헤드 해양 센서 네트워크 라우팅 프로토콜)

  • Chang, Young-Il;Shin, Soo-Young;Prak, Hyun-Mun;Park, Soo-Huyn
    • Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.87-96
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    • 2006
  • Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is researched in various filed. Underwater Sensor Network (UWSN) is used various purpose such as underwater environment monitoring. But, WSN is researched in the terrestrial that uses mainly radio frequency, The existing terrestrial research is incongruent to apply to underwater. Therefore, we propose UWSN architecture that considers underwater environment. In this paper, UWSN applied cluster technique and functional node constructs. Each cluster collects and sends cluster data. Dual super cluster head receives cluster data and transmits each in the base-station. We implement WSN routing algorithm, and construct test-bed and analyze cluster data receive rate.

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A Study on the Adaptable Conceptual Design System Based on Super-Application Concept (수퍼 어플리케이션 개념에 의한 유연화된 개념설계시스템 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Dong-Kon Lee;Kyung-Ho Lee;Soon-Sub Lee;Kyu-Yeul Lee;Soon-Hung Han
    • Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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    • v.31 no.2
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1994
  • A computer system supporting conceptual design is required to have not only a design model for creative works but also flexibility to cope with changing environments. In this research, a new conceptual design system was developed by expanding functions of existing systems. The modules of the system were maintained to have independency so that each unit module could be executed alone. The adaptable conceptual design system based on the super-application concept which control each module in high level was developed using UNIX C Shell of SUN SPARC workstation.

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Effect of In Vivo Embryo Production and Embryo Transfer Following Superovulation in Hanwoo (다배란 처리에 따른 한우 체내 수정란 생산 효율과 수정란이식)

  • Cho, Sang-Rae;Choi, Sun-Ho;Choe, Chang-Yong;Son, Jun-Kyu;Choi, Soo-Ho;Kim, Young-Joo;Lee, Poong-Yeon;Yeon, Sung-Heum;Kim, Hyun-Jong;Son, Dong-Soo
    • Journal of Embryo Transfer
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    • v.25 no.3
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    • pp.141-144
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    • 2010
  • In vivo embryo produced from Hanwoo donor cows were collected and transferred to Hanwoo recipients. Cows, at random stages of the estrous cycle, received Progesterone Releasing Intravaginal Device (CIDR-plus, InterAg, New Zealand) together with injection of 1 mg estradiol benzoate and 50 mg progesterone, and gonadotropin treatment began 4 day later. For superovulation, a total of 28 mg FSH was intramuscularly injected twice a day in the way of decreasing doses 4 day (5, 5, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2 and 2 mg). Twenty one Hanwoo donor cows were flushed on day 7 of estrus cycle with same FSH and artificial insemination by the same technicians. Embryos were recovered 7 days after the second insemination by flushing the uterus with Embryo Collection Medium. The results obtained were as follows: The rates of transferable embryos were 50.3%, and 78 fresh embryos at morulae and blastocysts stage were transferred into Hanwoo recipients on day 7 of estrus cycle. The pregnancy rates were first embryo transfer 55.6%, 2nd 62.9% and 3rd 57.9%, respectively. In conclusion, These results suggest that CIDR-based superovulation protocol may be effectively used for production of superior Hanwoo embryos. Also, since it seems the condition of recipient cows greatly affect pregnancy rate, it is very important to evaluate recipient for effective cattle production.

The Development of Data Capturing Modules by Speech-Voice Recognition (음성인식에 의한 측량자료취득 모듈개발)

  • 조규전;이영진;차득기
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.18 no.3
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    • pp.279-285
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    • 2000
  • Men's desire for the human interface, due to the development of voice processing technology of computer, and the development of intelligent MMI (Man-Machine Interface) computer technology enabled us to operate computers with our voice without using keyboards or other input systems. Especially, by obtaining field data and layout from the complicated surveying environment and applying the voice recognition technology to the actual surveying work, we can save a lot of working hours and costs. According to the result of this study, the real time Geo-Coding and graphic data-coding were possible with only 25 words by connecting the software engine which recognizes 50,000 different words and the voice recognition technology based on the super IC which recognizes 60 different words with the Total-station and the RTK-GPS.

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Deformation and failure mechanism exploration of surrounding rock in huge underground cavern

  • Tian, Zhenhua;Liu, Jian;Wang, Xiaogang;Liu, Lipeng;Lv, Xiaobo;Zhang, Xiaotong
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.72 no.2
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    • pp.275-291
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    • 2019
  • In a super-large underground with "large span and high side wall", it is buried in mountains with uneven lithology, complicated geostress field and developed geological structure. These surrounding rocks are more susceptible to stability issues during the construction period. This paper takes the left bank of Baihetan hydropower station (span is 34m) as a case study example, wherein the deformation mechanism of surrounding rock appears prominent. Through analysis of geological, geophysical, construction and monitoring data, the deformation characteristics and factors are concluded. The failure mechanism, spatial distribution characteristics, and evolution mechanism are also discussed, where rock mechanics theory, $FLAC^{3D}$ numerical simulation, rock creep theory, and the theory of center point are combined. In general, huge underground cavern stability issues has arisen with respect to huge-scale and adverse geological conditions since settling these issues will have milestone significance based on the evolutionary pattern of the surrounding rock and the correlation analyses, the rational structure of the factors, and the method of nonlinear regression modeling with regard to the construction and development of hydropower engineering projects among the worldwide.

A Single-Stage AC-DC Power Module Converter for Fast-Charger (급속충전기용 파워 모듈을 위한 단일단 AC-DC 컨버터)

  • LE, Tat-Thang;Choi, Sewan
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.384-390
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    • 2022
  • In this study, a single-stage, four-phase, interleaved, totem-pole AC-DC converter is proposed for a super-fast charger station that requires high power, a wide voltage range, and bidirectional operation capabilities and adopts various types of electric transport vehicles. The proposed topology is based on current-fed push-pull dual active bridge converter combined with the totem-pole operation. Owing to the four-phase interleaving effect, the bridge on the grid side can switch at 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75 to achieve a ripple-free grid current. The input filter can be removed theoretically. Switching methods for the duty of the secondary-side duty cycle are proposed, and they correspond to the primary duty cycle for reducing the circulating power and handling the total harmonic distortion. Therefore, the converter can operate under a wide voltage range. Experimental results from a 7.5 kW prototype are used to validate the proposed concept.