• Title/Summary/Keyword: Summer season

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On the Property of Climatological Environment with Discomfort Index in Korea (불쾌지수를 이용한 우리나라의 기후학적 환경특성에 관한 연구)

  • 김해동;김수봉
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.129-133
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study is to examine the property of climatological environment using the daily mean meteorological data measured at the serveral meteorological observatory for 30years(1961~1990). It was found that the distribution of discomfort index tended to mainly depend on the geographical situation in the same season. Major portions of Korea were subjected to continental except for some seaside districts. The discomfort index have a large(small) value in summer(winter) season. And there is a short interval(1 or 2 months) between summer and winter season in Korea.

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Effect of Season on Semen Characteristics, Frozen-Thawed Sperm Viability and Testosterone Concentration in Yorkshire Boars

  • Park, C. S;P. K. Myung;Lee, S. H.
    • Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.339-345
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    • 2002
  • The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of season on semen characteristics, frozen-thawed sperm viability and testosterone concentration in Yorkshire boars. There were no significant differences in the semen volume and sperm concentration on Yorkshire boars among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, the pH of sperm-rich and sperm-poor fractions in winter season was higher than in spring, summer and autumn season in Yorkshlre boars. Sperm motiliy and normal acrosome of raw semen in Yorkshire boars did not differ significantly among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, motility and normal acrosome of frozen-thawed sperm were higher in spring season than in summer, autumn and winter. Serum testosterone concentrations in Yorkshire were higher in spring than summer, autumn and winter. In conclusion, we found out that serum testosterone concentrations were very important role for frozen-thawed sperm viability in Yorkshire boars.

A Study on Clothing Purchasing Behaviors and Design Preference of Summer Clothes using Cooling Textiles (냉감소재를 사용한 여름철 의류의 구매행동과 디자인 선호도 연구)

  • Kwon, Eun-Sun;Lee, Mi-Sook
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.55-70
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate purchasing behaviors of summer clothes using cooling textiles and clothing design preference in summer season. The subjects were 623 married women aged from 30s to 60s. The research method was a survey and the measuring instruments consisted of purchasing behaviors of summer clothes using cooling textiles, clothing design preference in summer season, and subjects' demographics attributions. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, multiple response analysis, cross tabs analysis, and $x^2$ test, using SPSS statistical program. The results were as follows. First, important clothing selection criteria were design, price, and textiles. The main items using cooling textiles that female consumers purchased were T-shirts, pants, and outdoor & sportswear. Main information sources of summer clothes using cooling textiles were internet and store display, and purchasing places were fashion outlet, internet, brand store, and department store. Second, female consumers most preferred comfortable and casual style. They mainly preferred white and blue color, pastel and pale tone, plain pattern, and cotton and functional materials in summer season. Third, there were many important differences among 4 age groups on purchasing behaviors of summer clothes using cooling textiles and design preference in summer season.

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Inside Environment Variation of Solar-Heated Greenhouse with Rock Bed Storage in Summer Season (여름철 자갈축열 태양열 온실의 내부환경 변화(농업시설))

  • 이석건;이종원;이현우;김길동
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.308-314
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    • 2000
  • Objects of this study were to find the cooling effect of solar-heated greenhouse with rock bed storage in summer season and to suggest operation method of cooling energy saving in summer cropping greenhouse. Experiments were performed to analyze inside environment variation of solar-heated greenhouse. When we took account of different shading and ground conditions of greenhouse, we could conclude that inside average daytime temperature of the solar-heated greenhouse was 2.0∼2.4$^{\circ}C$ lower than the general greenhouse in summer season.

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Effect of Season Influencing Semen Characteristics, Frozen-Thawed Sperm Viability and Testosterone Concentration in Duroc Boars

  • Cheon, Y.M.;Kim, H.K.;Yang, C.B.;Yi, Y.J.;Park, C.S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.15 no.4
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    • pp.500-503
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    • 2002
  • This study was carried out to investigate the effects of season influencing semen characteristics, frozen-thawed sperm viability and testosterone concentration in Duroc boars. There were no significant differences in the semen volume and sperm concentration of Duroc boars among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, the pH of sperm-rich and sperm-poor fractions in autumn and winter season was higher than in spring and summer season in Duroc boars. Sperm motility and normal acrosome of raw semen in Duroc boars did not differ significantly among spring, summer, autumn and winter. However, motility and normal acrosome of frozen-thawed sperm were higher in spring season than in summer, autumn and winter. Serum testosterone concentrations in Duroc were higher in spring than summer, autumn and winter. In conclusion, when serum testosterone concentrations were higher in seasons, frozen-thawed sperm viability in Duroc boars were higher.

A Study on Optimal Operation of Summer Season Cooling System with Numbers of Heat Pumps (다수의 히트펌프로 구성된 냉난방시스템에서 하절기 히트펌프의 최적운전에 관한 연구)

  • Shin, Kwan-Woo
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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    • v.55 no.1
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2006
  • Heat-pump system has a special feature that provides heating operation in winter season and cooling operation in summer season with a single system. It also has a merit that absorbs and makes use of wastewater heat, terrestrial heat, and heat energy from the air. Because heat-pump system uses midnight electric power, it decreases power peak load and is very economical as a result. By using the property that energy source is converted to low temperature when losing the heat, high temperature energy source is used to provide heating water and low temperature energy source is used to provide cooling water simultaneously in summer season. This study made up a heat-pump system with 4 air heat sources and a water heat source and implemented the optimal operation algorithm that works with numbers of heat pumps to operate them efficiently. With the heat-pump system, we applied it to cooling and heating operation in summer season operation mode in a real building.

Comparison of Vitality among Three Cool-Season Turfgrasses during Summer using Chlorophyll Fluorescence (엽록소형광을 이용한 한지형 잔디 3종의 하절기 활력도 비교 분석)

  • Koh, Seok Chan
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.30 no.7
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    • pp.547-555
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    • 2021
  • To compare the vitality among cool-season turfgrasses under summer weather conditions and to obtain information to improve the management of turfgrasses in golf courses and sports fields., the chlorophyll fluorescence of three cool-season turfgrasses commonly planted on golf courses in the Jeju area was measured. The turfgrasses were perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.), and creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.). In perennial ryegrass and Kentucky bluegrass, the chlorophyll index was low in early summer and high in late summer. In creeping bentgrass, it remained low throughout the study. Fo tended to be low in the early summer and high in late summer in the three turfgrasses. However, the difference in Fo between late summer and early summer was markedly higher in perennial ryegrass than in Kentucky bluegrass or creeping bentgrass. Fm tended to be low in early summer and high in late summer, without obvious differences among the three turfgrasses. Fv/Fm, a measure of photochemical efficiency, was also low in early summer and high in late summer in the three turfgrasses. However, Fv/Fm in late summer was mostly higher in Kentucky bluegrass and creeping bentgrass than in perennial ryegrass, indicating that the former are more resistant to the high temperature and humidity of late summer. Furthermore, Kentucky bluegrass had a high chlorophyll index in late summer and would be most resistant to the harsh conditions of late summer.

An Overview of Teff (Eragrostis teff Zuccagni) Trotter) as a Potential Summer Forage Crop in Temperate Systems

  • Habte, Ermias;Muktar, Meki S.;Negawo, Alemayehu T.;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Lee, Ki-Won;Jones, Chris S.
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.185-188
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    • 2019
  • The production of traditional cool season grasses in temperate regions is becoming hampered during summer seasons due to water deficit. Thus, incorporating water use efficient warm season annual grasses are generally considered to fill the gap of summer season forage reduction that would offer considerable flexibility and adaptability to respond to forage demand. Teff (Eragrostis teff Zuccagni) Trotter) is, a C4 drought tolerant warm season annual grass primarily grown for grain production, recently gaining interest for forage production particularly during summer season. Previous reports have showed that teff is palatable and has comparable forage biomass and feed quality as compared to other warm season annual grasses which would make it an alternative forage. However, the available data are not comprehensive to explore the potential of teff as forage, hence further assessment of genotype variability and performance along with compatibility study of teff with forage production system of specific environment is key for future utilization.

Seasonal Succession Characteristic of Phytoplankton Community in Lake Doam (도암호에서 식물플랑크톤 군집의 계절적 천이 특성)

  • Joung, Seung-Hyun;Park, Hae-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.673-680
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    • 2010
  • Environmental factors and phytoplankton community in Lake Doam were monthly investigated at 3 stations from April 2009 to November 2009. During the study period, the concentrated rainfalls occurred at between July and August and then the TP and turbidity were sharply increased in in-lake. A total of 91 phytoplankton species was classified and these were consisted of 38 Bacillariophyceae, 35 Chlorophyceae, 10 Cyanophyceae, and 8 other species. Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae were dominated during the seasonal succession of phytoplankton community, especially summer season. Bacillariophyceae was dominated from spring season to summer season and Chlorophyceae was dominated at summer season and autumn season. However, the dominance of Cyanophyceae generally developed at summer season in eutrophic water was not observed. From the analysis of correlation coefficient between environmental factors and phytoplankton cell number, we confirmed that there was a negative correlation between turbidity and cyanobacteria cell number (P<0.01). This result indicated that turbid water acts as the inhibitor of the cyanobacteria growth than other phytoplankton community.

Research on the Preference for Underwear and Textiles of College Students according to Season (대학생의 계절별 언더웨어 및 소재의 선호도 연구)

  • Kim, Hee-Sook;Cho, Shin-Hyun;Na, Mi-Hee
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.12 no.5
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    • pp.737-746
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    • 2003
  • This research was designed to investigate the preference for underwear and textiles of college students according to season. One hundred and nine subjects majoring in fashion design were surveyed about the most favorite materials among underwear textiles according to each season. The extent of preference was compared by season. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The most important purpose of wearing underwear was the hygienic performance in summer and the insulation in winter. 2. The most favorite textile of underwear was cotton regardless of season and the most favorite type of underwear was fashionable underwear in summer and insulating underwear in winter. 3. The most preferred material underwear was white jacquard knitted with cotton 30's yarn for summer and white and gray melange plain knit made with cotton and polyester blended 38's syro-spunned yarn for winter. 4. From the results about the factors influencing on the preference for the textiles of underwear, color, touch and cool sensation were the positive factor in summer, while insulation and pattern were comparatively affirmative factor in winter. 5. From the results about the sensibility factors influencing on the preference for the textiles of underwear, 'comfort', 'refined', 'naive' were the positive factor in summer, while 'comfort', 'naive', 'refined' were comparatively affirmative factor in winter. From the above results, hygienic and fashionable underwear is required in summer and thin and insulating underwear in winter for young people. Additionally, in textiles, cotton and cotton blended, comparatively light and simple patterned material is recommended for underwear.

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