• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-39
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• 1987

영지(靈芝(Ganoderma lucidum(Fr.) Karst)) 추출물이 효모(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)의 증식과 생리에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 재배별 영지추출물을 각각 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0% 첨가한 Hayduck 액 배지에 효모를 접종하여 5일간 $30^{\circ}C$에서 발효시키면서 $CO_2$ 발생량, 균체생산, alcohol 발효 등을 조사하였다. 발효과정중 효모의 $CO_2$ 발생량은 발효 120시간 경과후 영지추출물 첨가구에서 모두 대조구보다 증가하였으며 이들 중 병재배 영지추출물 1.0% 첨가구에서 $CO_2$발생량이 가장 많았다. 발효과정중 효모의 세포수는 영지추출물 첨가구의 경우 모두 대조구보다 증가하였으며 병재배 영지추출물 첨가구가 원목영지추출물 및 야생영지추출물보다 세포수가 많았다. 효모의 건조균체량은 pot 0.5%구(區)>Pot 1.0%구(區) wild 1.0%구(區)>wood 1.0%구(區)>wood 0.5%구(區)>wild 0.5% 구(區)>wild 0.1% 구(區)>Pot 0.1% 구(區)> wood 0. 1% 구(區)>대조구의 순서로 증가하였으며 병재배영지추출물 첨가구는 원목재배나 야생영지추출물 첨가구보다 많았다. 각 처리구의 alcohol 함량은 발효 72시간의 경우 영지추출물 첨가구는 모두 대조구보다 3배 이상으로 많았으나 120시간 발효 후에는 큰 차이가 없었다. 발효과정중 효모의 당소비율과 발효율은 발효초기에 영지추출물 첨가구가 대조구보다 현저히 높았으나, 그 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 비슷하게 나타났다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.536-543
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 무증자 쌀막걸리 제조과정 중 참외 농축액 함량에 따른 이화학적 품질특성 조사하였다. 그 결과 당도는 참외 농축액 첨가량이 많을수록 증가하였으며 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모든 첨가구간에서 조금씩 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 총산도는 발효 1일째 조금 증가했으며 발효 2일째부터는 0.77~0.85%로 참외 농축액 첨가량에 따른 큰 차이는 없었다. pH는 참외 농축액 첨가량이 많을수록 약간 높은 경향을 보였으며 1일째에 감소한 뒤 농축액 함량에 따른 큰 차이는 없었다. 환원당은 1일째 급격히 감소한 뒤 2일째에는 약간 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 알코올 함량은 발효가 진행됨에 따라 증가하여 발효 4일째에 참외 농축액 9%(v/w)첨가 쌀막걸리가 11.50%로 가장 높게 나타나 참외 농축액 첨가량이 많을수록 높은 함량을 보였다. 알코올 성분 중 acetaldehyde는 참외 농축액 첨가량이 많을수록 낮은 함량을 보였으며 methanol은 참외 농축액 6%(v/w)첨가 쌀막걸리에서 199.08 ppm로 가장 높은 함량을 보였다. 관능적 특성은 참외 농축액을 6%(v/w)첨가한 쌀막걸리가 color, odor, taste 및 overall 면에서 각각 3.60, 3.60, 2.80 및 3.60으로 가장 높았으나 전반적 기호도가 낮게 나타났다. 이상의 결과 참외 농축액을 첨가한 막걸리의 제조는 가능하였으나 기호도 향상을 위한 감미료 등의 사용에 관한 연구가 요망되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.80-90
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• 2001

This study was carried out to investigate to proximate compositions, free sugars, organic acids, amino acids, and volatiles from the fresh leaf, root and seed of coriander. The research results are as follows: Moisture was 79.93% in the leaf, 81.89% in the root. Crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash were the highest in the seed. Ascorbic acid was 65.4mg% in the leaf and 37.83mg% in the root. Glucose, fructose and sucrose were the major free sugars. Glucose was 7.92mg% and fructose 7.51mg% in the leaf. Sucrose was 17.34mg% in the root, highest level. Among organic acids, malic acid was 354.55mg% in the leaf, the highest level. The content rate of organic acids was high in the order of leaf, seed and root. The content rate of total amino acid was high in the order of seed, root and leaf. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid were high in the leaf and root. Glutamic acid and proline were high in the seed. The content rate of free amino acid is the same as that of total amino acid. Glutamic acid and serine were high in the leaf and seed. Glutamic acid and treonine were high in the root. The contents of total amino acid in each parts of the coriander was higher than that of free amino acid, The composition of amino acid in the total amino acid and free amino acid was different. The volatile constituents were extracted by steam distillation method and analyzed by GC-Mass. The content of the volatile constituents was 45.31mg% in the leaf, (E)-2-decenal was the highest, followed by decanal, 2-dodecenal, (E)-2-decen-1-ol in order, aldehyde and alcohol was major constituents. The content of the volatile constituents was 36.01mg% in the root and 54.37mg% in the seed. linalool was the highest in the root and seed. it was 22.27 %, 53.67% in root and seed.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.332-340
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of makgeolli that was produced by using different percentages (control, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% by rice weight) of Angelica gigas Nakai water extracts during fermentation at $25^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. Yeast cell count in makgeolli steadily increased and showed the highest value at day 4 of fermentation, since then, the count decreased consistently. The final alcohol contents were higher than 15% in all samples. Soluble contents and antioxidation activity were significantly increased in percentage as Angelica water extracts increased (p<0.05). As the amount of Angelica water extracts increased, total polyphenol contents increased as well. Soluble contents and total polyphenol contents were increased according to the fermentation period. Total acidity increased up to day 3, but slowly decreased afterwards. However, the pH rapidly decreased by day 3, but then increased steadily. Reducing sugar amount was increased sharply by day 2 of fermentation and then, diminished gradually. Hunter's color value was not significantly different among samples however, they were significantly different between day 2 samples of fermentation and day 3 or more samples (p<0.05). In sensory evaluations, the sample produced using 5% Angelica water extracts received the highest score in herbal flavor, herbal taste, sourness, sweetness, and overall acceptance. Makgeolli using Angelica gigas Nakai water extracts showed excellent characteristics in antioxidative activity and higher total polyphenol content. Makgeolli produced using 5% Angelica water extracts received the highest score in sensory evaluation. Therefore, makgeolli produced using 5% Angelica water extracts was considered to be the most suitable for manufacturing makgeolli.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2011

인천광역시 강화군에서 재배된 시판 효모의 종류를 달리한 캠벨 얼리 포도 발효주 5종류를 사용하여 전통 제조방법에 따른 캠벨 얼리 포도 발효주의 이화학적 및 관능적 특성을 비교하였다. 15일간의 발효과정 중 매일 시료를 채취하여 pH를 측정한 결과 pH는 3.0~3.3으로 큰 변화가 없었다. 산도는 0.4~0.9%로 유지되었으며, 당도는 발효주의 초기당이 24 Brix에서 발효 종료 시 6~7 Brix로 감소하였고, 알코올 함량은 발효 종료 시 13.2~14.4%로 나타났다. 특히, 발효 종료시 EC-1118의 알코올 함량이 다른 효모들에 비해서 많이 생성되었다. 그러므로 이화학적 특성을 비교해 볼 때 효모 EC-1118이 알코올 생성 능력이 뛰어나므로 산업화에도 적합하리라고 본다. 색도분석 결과 L값은 black과 white 사이의 다양한 값이 나타났고, a값은 red 계열에 가깝게 나타났으며, b값은 blue와 yellow 사이의 다양한 값이 나타났다. 폴리페놀 함량은 1000 ppm 전후로 나타났으며, 관능평가결과 전체적인 기호도는 효모 EC-1118이 가장 높았으며, Fermivin은 색을 제외한 나머지 기호도에서 전체적으로 가장 낮은 기호도를 보였다. 관능적 특성을 비교했을 때 색상, 향, 맛, 목넘김, 후미, 종합적 기호도 등 모든 부분에서 효모 EC-1118이 가장 높은 평가를 받았다. 위와 같은 연구결과로 볼 때 이화학적 특성과 관능적 특성에서 효모 EC-1118이 캠벨얼리 포도주에 가장 적합한 효모인 것으로 판단된다. 이러한 결과가 포도주 산업과 연계된다면 더 좋은 제품이 나올 것으로 생각된다.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.649-656
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• 2012

We investigated the quality characteristics of dohwaju (fermented with peach flowers and branches, a Korean traditional alcoholic beverage) containing different sub-ingredients. During fermentation, the inner temperatures of the added sub-ingredient treatments were higher compared to non-treatment, and only peach branches treatment. showed the highest inner temperature. There were no significant differences in the physicochemical results among the treatments. pH decreased from the first mashing day to the second and then increased slightly until fermentation was terminated. Total acidities showed opposite patterns as compared to pH level. Amino acid contents, soluble solids, and alcohol contents increased steadily until the end of fermentation, whereas reducing sugar contents showed the opposite trend. In a preference survey, DB (only peach branches)-treated dowhaju showed the highest evaluation in terms of taste and overall acceptability with walues of $5.07{\pm}1.38$ and $5.57{\pm}1.16$, respectively. Based on the results of this study, we concluded that only peach branches treatment is optimal for the manufacture of dowhaju. We expect that the quality of dowhaju can be improved by providing basic information concerning its manufacture.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2004

The effect of hemicellulose extracted from Shiitake mushroom(Lentinus edodes) on the level of blood sugar and cholesterol in the diabetes-induced rat by streptozotocin(STZ) was investigated. The yield of hemicellulose by extraction process of 5% salt extraction, preparation of alcohol insoluble substance, IN KOH extraction, acid precipitation(pH 3.0), and dialysis was 9.24%. The experimental plots divided to 1% cellulose group(control), 0.5% hemicellulose group(H-l) and 1% hemicellulose group(H-2). The groups were fed for 6 weeks, then continuously fed for 1 week after induction of diabetes by STZ. Feed intakes, weight gain and feed efficiency of the each groups were not significantly different, while water intakes and liver weight of H-2 group were lower than those of control and H-l group. Weight of liver in the H-2 group was significantly lower than those of control and H-l groups. The amounts of feces were 0.32 g/day in the control group, 0.43∼0.44 g/day in the H-l and H-2 groups, while the amounts of urine were 15.28 mL/day in the control group, 10.83∼11.20 mL/day in the H-l and H-2 groups. The content of blood glucose before diabetes induction(fed for 3∼5 weeks) was 111.2-132.6 mg/dL in the control group, not significantly different from others; After diabetes induction, however, the contents were 212.8 mg/dL in the control group, 140.0-144.0 mg/dL in the H-l and H-2 groups, which showed significant difference. Urine glucose contents of H-2 group before and after diabetes induction were lower than those of control and H-l groups. There was no significant difference in the content of neutral lipid between each groups. Total cholesterol contents were 101.6 mg/dL in the control group, 56.∼64.0 mg/dL in the hemicellulose groups. HDL-cholesterol content and atherogenic index of hemicellulose groups were lower than those of control group, respectively. In conclusion, the hemicellulose extracted from Shiitake mushroom represented improving and preventing effects for diabetes.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.23-38
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical prognostic factors affecting facial palsy in 98 idiopathic facial palsy patients who were hospitalized and treated in 2015, using retrospective statistical analysis. Methods : We investigated patients with idiopathic facial nerve palsy, admitted to a Korean medical hospital in 2015, and examined patients' variables and therapeutic variables. For analysis of clinical data, an independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and simple regression analysis were performed using IBM SPSS version 24.0. Results : 1. The initial degree of facial palsy showed statistical significance with age. The older the age, the more severe the initial palsy. 2. Following treatment degree of facial palsy was statistically significant with age, hypertension, and fasting blood sugar (FBS). The higher the value, the slower the recovery from facial palsy. There was a statistical significance with the number of treatments in a Korean medical hospital. The more frequent the treatment, the faster the facial palsy recovery. 3. Degree of facial palsy after 12 months was statistically significant with age, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, and the initial severity of facial palsy. The higher the value, the slower the facial palsy recovery. 4. Sex, left or right sided palsy, alcohol consumption, smoking, history of facial palsy, season of onset, total number of treatments and bio chemistry (BC), complete blood cell count (CBC), urinalysis (UA) factors had no statistical significance with prognosis of facial palsy. Conclusion : Age, season of onset, hypertension, diabetes, FBS, initial severity of facial palsy, and the number of treatments at a Korean medical hospital showed statistical significance. The number of treatments at the Korean medical hospital positively correlated with facial palsy prognosis, and the others variables showed a negative correlation with facial palsy prognosis.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.233-238
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• 1999

단감과 떫은감의 2단계 발효과정에 의해 제조된 감식초의 품질 평가를 위해 제조중 성분 변화를 검토하였다. 유리당은 단감의 경우 glucose 6.60, fructose 6.12 및 sucrose 1.74%이었으며, 떫은감의 경우에는 각각 5.63, 5.21, 0.62%로, glucose 함량이 가장 높았다. 발효기간이 경과함에 따라 유리당의 함량은 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었으며, 특히 glucose의 감소가 급격히 감소하였다. 감식초의 유기산은 단감과 떫은감 모두 acetic acid 함량이 가장 높았고, galacturonic, malic, citric, ascorbic acid도 미량 검출되었다. 감식초의 알콜발효시 알콜성분은 acetaldehyde, methanol, ethanol, iso-propylalcohol, n-propylalcohol, iso-butylalcohol 및 iso-amylalcohol 등 7종이 분석되었고, 알콜발효 4일까지는 모두 증가하는 경향이었으나 5일째에는 ethanol을 제외한 성분들은 다소 감소하는 경향이었다. 유리아미노산의 함량은 단감식초에서 떫은감식초에서보다 약간 높았고, 휘발성 성분은 단감의 경우에 알콜발효 후 7종, 초산발효 후 9종, 떫은감에서는 알콜발효 후 6종, 초산발효 후에는 9종의 성분이 분석되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2000

The effects of bromelain and $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatments on the functional properties(foaming capacity, foaming stability, emulsifying capacity, and emulsifying stability) of soy protein isolate(SPI) and the addition of various sweeteners(sucrose, sorbitol, xylitol) on the quality attributes(viscosity, overrun ratio, melt-down property, and sensory characteristic) of soy ice cream were studied. SPI was more effectively hydrolyzed with $\alpha$-chymotrypsin than bromelain, resulting in a better foaming and emulsifying capacity. Adding xylitol could significantly improve the viscosity, overrun and melt-down property of soy ice creams while the effect was the lowest in the sucrose addition. Bromelain treatment caused a lower apparent viscosity of SPI suspension compared with $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatment and untreated. The overrun ratios of the soy ice cream prepared with bromelain and $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treated SPI were 18.9∼25.9% and 24.9∼40.3%, respectively as a result of freezing with agitation for 20 min in an ice cream maker. Comparatively, untreated SPI could bring only 15.8∼21.4% overrun ratios after operating for 15 min. The bromelain treatment caused high melt-down tendency of the product while soy ice cream with untreated SPI showed an opposite trend. In sensory characteristics, no significant differences in the strength of beany flavor were noted among the samples. Sweetness, bitter taste, icy feel, and mouthfeel of the product were greatly affected by the enzyme-treatment of SPI. Soy ice cream added with xylitol after $\alpha$-chymotrypsin treatment was the most acceptable among all samples.