• Journal of the Korean Institute of Educational Facilities
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

According to the decrease in birth rate and reduction of population in rural area, primary schools have brought about many problems for decrease of number of student, and environment of education have became deteriorated. Accordingly, primary schools be required improvement, and it should be altered placement of schools because it change number of student, distance and time of attending school, and formation of school zone are changed by alternating of human and physical environment. Merger and abolition of primary school is inevitable for change of placement standard to primary school and qualitative improvement of environment of education in rural area. This study suggests the effective space planning methods for unified school and appropriate utilization alternatives for closed school following after the merger and abolition of small rural schools. In doing so, it explores the present models of merger and abolition through analysis of all sort of actual condition and the possibilities for various utilizations of the abolished schools. It proposes a classroom-operation type fused the comprehensive class and departmental class system for merged primary schools in rural area. It also suggests the re-use methods of closed school facilities for students and community. Finally, it emphasizes that in order to success the policy of the merger and abolition of small schools, it be attributed to the social-cultural environment based on local residents and community and required provision of a variety of utilization plans reflecting local specifics and guarantee of local residents' participation and selection.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The difficulties in opening and closing a sport utility vehicle (SUV) tailgate is important aspect of JD (James David) power's Initial Quality Survey (IQS) assessment, and affective quality has a big impact on the the success of thesedays products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perceived difficulty and satisfaction of customers by the opening and closing of the tailgate and to grasp the relationship between them and the opening and closing reaction force. The mechanical force required to open and close 42 domestic and overseas SUV tailgates was measured with the help of an auto company. In the experiment, 100 male drivers in their 20s to 50s evaluated perceived difficulty and satisfaction with opening and closing the tailgate. The results of the analysis showed that perceived difficulty and satisfaction were statistically different depending on the vehicle, but did not depend on the personal characteristics of the participants. The perceived difficulty and satisfaction regression model of tailgate opening and closing was developed by mechanical force variables and had a relatively high adjusted $R^2$ ranging from 0.62 to 0.73. The models showed that the the initial close and open force, the difference between initial and maximum close force and the difference between initial and auto-fall angle should be small for the low perceived exertion and high satisfaction. In addition, the correlation analysis between IQS score of tailages and perceived difficulty and satisfaction showed that the IQS scores were more related to the perceived difficulty and satisfaction of closing than those of opening. The results of the study will be helpful to design and test mechanical open and close structure of SUV tailgates.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.437-443
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• 2014

The JCVSD (Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database) was organized in 2000 to improve the quality of cardiovascular surgery in Japan. Web-based data harvesting on adult cardiac surgery was started (Japan Adult Cardiovascular Surgery Database, JACVSD) in 2001, and on congenital heart surgery (Japan Congenital Cardiovascular Surgery Database, JCCVSD) in 2008. Both databases grew to become national databases by the end of 2013. This was influenced by the success of the Society for Thoracic Surgeons' National Database, which contains comparable input items. In 2011, the Japanese Board of Cardiovascular Surgery announced that the JACVSD and JCCVSD data are to be used for board certification, which improved the quality of the first paperless and web-based board certification review undertaken in 2013. These changes led to a further step. In 2011, the National Clinical Database (NCD) was organized to investigate the feasibility of clinical databases in other medical fields, especially surgery. In the NCD, the board certification system of the Japan Surgical Society, the basic association of surgery was set as the first level in the hierarchy of specialties, and nine associations and six board certification systems were set at the second level as subspecialties. The NCD grew rapidly, and now covers 95% of total surgical procedures. The participating associations will release or have released risk models, and studies that use 'big data' from these databases have been published. The national databases have contributed to evidence-based medicine, to the accountability of medical professionals, and to quality assessment and quality improvement of surgery in Japan.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.29-46
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• 1978

The Equilibrium Theory is one of the key theories on the study of maintenance and continuance of organization. A contributor or participant of the business organization has been given the needed incucements and motivated to join in business. To keep this situation balanced is, so-called, the organization equilibrium. C. I. Barnard was the first to research this, and that J. G. March and H. A. Simon advanced it. Modern organization theory is not only the equilibrium theory but continuance theory of organization. That is, the continuance of business administration organization relies on the willingness to cooperate with which the participants in business try to devote themselves to business. The organization itself is not only combined with its members and assets but a kind of behaviour system which every member makes an effort to contribute. On a view of dynamics, organization remains, prospers and deceases in process of its formation, disorganization and reformation. But taking consideration into going concern, it is necessary that we should plan to strike a balance of business administration organization. We can write down the proposition of this theory as follows: The continuance and growth of organization=inducements contribution The basic idea of this theory was established by C. I. Barnard. But it implied many problems such as incorrect statistical measures and the defects of objectivity. These problems were more or less rearranged and improved by so-called March-Simon's equilibrium theory. Especially March-Simon's general models of organization equilibrium are a great success in this field. In the future, these problems mentioned above will be a challenge to workers in this field how we shall diminish the defects to the minimum and how perfectly we can progress it.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.63-70
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• 2013

A judgment on the redevelopment projects' predicted profitability is an essential decision-making element for the success of the redevelopment projects. It is necessary to review the literature on profitability of redevelopment project and draw risk factors that could affect profitability through the risk analysis based on surveys. It is also necessary to judge profitability prediction toward the business value of the redevelopment project in the planning phase according to the risk analysis results which can affect the profitability prediction. In order to prevent the growing difficulties in executing the projects, a profitability prediction model is proposed using the method of management and disposal based on a proportional calculation that can estimate the share of expenses in order to judge profitability in the planning phase. With the improvement of profitability prediction models, it is possible to appropriately judge profitability in the planning phase in order to allow the prevention of suspension, reduction of project term, reduction of cost, and making of rational decisions.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.227-233
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• 2019

Recently, along with the recent development of deep learning technique, neural networks are achieving success in computer vision filed. Convolutional neural network have shown outstanding performance in not only for a simple image classification task, but also for tasks with high difficulty such as object segmentation and detection. However many such deep learning models are based on supervised-learning, which requires more annotation labels than image-level label. Especially image semantic segmentation model requires pixel-level annotations for training, which is very. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a weakly-supervised semantic segmentation method which requires only image level label to train network. Existing weakly-supervised learning methods have limitations in detecting only specific area of object. In this paper, on the other hand, we use multi-classifier deep learning architecture so that our model recognizes more different parts of objects. The proposed method is evaluated using VOC 2012 validation dataset.

• The Journal of Korean Institute for Practical Engineering Education
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.45-51
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• 2013

To improve the e-learning education quality in VietHanIT College (Vietnam-Korea Friendship Information Technology College), e-learning acceptance was evaluated based on the well-known Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Quantitative data of the questionnaire survey were gathered from 158 lecturers and staffs of VietHanIT College and analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). While designing the questionnaire various previous studies were considered and hypotheses and models of the study were set up accordingly. As the results, success model of e-learning system was built up and important factors were identified. And most of lectures and staffs in VietHanIT College were aware of the benefits of e-learning system and they were ready to apply e-learning method for their training and teaching.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.39-47
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• 2012

Organizations pursue a CRM strategy for the purpose of increasing business performance and value. However, firms face a multitude of organizational challenges associated with this endeavor. To reduce their risk of failure, it is suggested that firms undertake a deep analysis of organizational readiness prior to committing to a CRM initiative. Insurance sector is no exception to this fact. There is an increased need to concentrate on the various challenges thrown open by the public insurance firms in implementing CRM. Many insurance firms have invested into customer driven CRM but research indicates varying outcomes (Schmith 2004). While it is clear that there are significant issues involved in the CRM implementation and success and environment faced by the public sector. It is clear that business should have an easier time in applying CRM systems is the strategic value for public sector. With customers demanding more service and accessibility from administrators, public sector CRM software technologies have to offer best solutions for achieving process and cost objectives (Souder 2001). With results which go far beyond improved service delivery and include sustained cost reductions, increased customer knowledge and better employee morale, CRM software implementation and post product environments offer great upside value. Although there are material differences in public sector use of CRM strategy, they share at least one glaring similarity - they have much to gain from proven CRM software technology. As business methods cross over in the public sector, many government bodies are investigating how they can adopt and adapt various CRM models (Bleyer 2003). There is a need to understand the similarities and differences in public sector CRM to foster shared knowledge, business processes and planning functions to integrate disparate technologies and software platforms and then, of course, the organizational culture to support knowledge sharing (Peters 1997). For the public sector, there are clearly identified CRM processes which have resulted in increased profits and improved efficiency. These have focused on sales, marketing and customer service activities, which often operate along fundamentally different lines in various public sector insurance companies. Thus the present research paper makes an attempt to explore how public sector CRM methods can be adopted and subsequently adapted.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.61.1-61.1
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• 2017

As the application of deep-learning methods has been succeeded in various fields, they have a high potential to be applied to space weather forecasting. Convolutional neural network, one of deep learning methods, is specialized in image recognition. In this study, we apply the AlexNet architecture, which is a winner of Imagenet Large Scale Virtual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) 2012, to the forecast of daily solar flare occurrence using the MatConvNet software of MATLAB. Our input images are SOHO/MDI, EIT $195{\AA}$, and $304{\AA}$ from January 1996 to December 2010, and output ones are yes or no of flare occurrence. We consider other input images which consist of last two images and their difference image. We select training dataset from Jan 1996 to Dec 2000 and from Jan 2003 to Dec 2008. Testing dataset is chosen from Jan 2001 to Dec 2002 and from Jan 2009 to Dec 2010 in order to consider the solar cycle effect. In training dataset, we randomly select one fifth of training data for validation dataset to avoid the over-fitting problem. Our model successfully forecasts the flare occurrence with about 0.90 probability of detection (POD) for common flares (C-, M-, and X-class). While POD of major flares (M- and X-class) forecasting is 0.96, false alarm rate (FAR) also scores relatively high(0.60). We also present several statistical parameters such as critical success index (CSI) and true skill statistics (TSS). All statistical parameters do not strongly depend on the number of input data sets. Our model can immediately be applied to automatic forecasting service when image data are available.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.89-114
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• 2010

In this research is The research on the Entrepreneurship's will according to college students's MBTI personality type and job'2 type through Definition and types of Entrepreneur, rely on the theoretical study of business, MBTI personality type, on the theoretical insights. The relationship between MBTI personality types and to the Entrepreneurship's will models for design verification, and regression analysis, the reliability was conducted. Research Results, Personality types of College students's in the Entrepreneurship's will to significant minus (-) effected. Personality type of I/E of the type of Entrepreneurship's will interest for the (+) of the impact and Attitude for success in business life (+) does not affect the said. Extrovert personality type, with two inbound students compared to students with the type of personality to the Entrepreneurship's will, that Interest for Entrepreneurship's on the side (+) can see the affects.