• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.1089-1096
• /
• 2008

The subway in Seoul, Korea has been constructed and operating 8 lines and 265 subway stations since 1974. And now it' been operated in the metropolis like Busan, Daegu, Gwangju, Incheon. The subway system is being given a great deal of weight on the public transportation system. It means that the citizens of seoul are getting exposured to the underground environment more and more. As the quality of life is getting better, the desire for a pleasant(healthy) environment has been increased. so we have to study effective environment management plans for the subway, When considering Indoor air pollution as another serious environment problem.

• 수산해양교육연구
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.269-277
• /
• 2009

Ventilation equipment performs a central role to maintain comfort subway environment. So ventilation equipment of Busan subway line No.1 is required to improve thermal environment. In this study, conditions of thermal environment are presented to improve ventilation equipment at existing subway station platforms by measuring thermal environment of platforms operated ventilation equipment at 14 stations of Busan subway line No.1. AWS of data in comparison with the neighbouring platforms and thermal environment analysis. Thermal environment status of subway platform analysis results are as follows. 1)Daytime platform temperature was higher than outdoor temperature, but night time platform temperature was lower than outdoor temperature. 2)Train wind had effect on improving thermal comfort in platform. 3)When outdoor temperature is below $24^{\circ}C$, inlet air is able to lower than platform temperature. 4)Considering existing ventilation system, night purge systems is useful to improving platform thermal environment.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.17-31
• /
• 2004

The subway play an important part in serious traffic problems. However, because subway system is a closed environment, many serious air pollution problems occurred in subway stations and injured passenger's health. Therefor, it is a necessary to identify sources and to estimate pollutant sources in order to protect passenger's health and to keep clean subway environment. The purpose of this study was to analyze a air quality in the subway stations and to apply a new receptor methodology for quantitatively estimate of PM10 sources. In this study, the size distributions of particulate matters has been measured by using Aerosizer LD (U.S.A., API, Inc.). It's real time measurement capability of time-of-flight technique offers a significant advantage of user convenience and air pollution management. Also, the mass concentrations of PM 10 has been measured by using mini-vol portable sampler (U.S.A., Airmetrics Co.). The sampling performed in Seoul subway stations during the period of February 2000 and April 2000. The number distribution data used in this study consisted of 26 raw data sets in the Jongno-sam-ga station. Correlation Analysis can be used in subway stations for source separation and identification. Then, number contribution from each source is determined by the particle number balance (PNB). The mass concentration data used in this study consisted of 31 raw data in the 8 different stations. The mass contributions of PM10 sources in the concourse by using PMF/CMB model.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2015

Purpose: Subway in Seoul, Korea is an important urban mass transportation system as it carries more than 4 million people a day. To support this important mission, subway entrances were designed and installed to maximize accessibility to the stations. However, a uniform plan by the national government guided quantity and layout of the subway entrances. Therefore, the plan did not consider unique characteristics of each station area and reorganization of the subway entrance system is required to improve pedestrian environment. Method: This study grouped the subway entrances into specific patterns to propose reorganizing schemes. The authors conducted field surveys, examined case studies and proposed an entrance reorganizing plan for each type. Result: The study recommends subway entrances be installed inside adjacent building when large commercial or office complexes are nearby. The authors proposed installing a bridge connecting the stations and adjacent buildings for elevated entrances. This would be only possible when there are commercial or office facilities nearby with enough floor space. The study summarizes the pros and cons of each solution. To translate our proposals into realities, various incentives should be given to building or land owners. This study made suggestions as to which kinds of incentives exist and be effective in a range of situations.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.60-67
• /
• 2008

The spatial limitations of urban environments in general lead to invention and design of a wide range of underground transportation systems such as subways, underground roads and paths, etc. Among them, the application of subway systems in metropolitan cities is most commonly observed to ease those confronted difficulties on this purpose. It in turn leaves passengers and workers to be exposed to indoor air potentially polluted by various sources existing in this underground environment. Specifically when considering the IAQ in a subway station, there exist many IAQ-related parameters to be counted either as individual or as integrated exposures. In this study, a model system has been developed to manage the general IAQ in a subway station. Field survey and $CO_2$ measurements were initially conducted to analyze and understand the relationship between the indoor and outdoor air quality while considering the internal pollution sources such as passengers, subway trains, etc. The measurement data were then employed for the model development with other static information. For the model development, the algorithm of simple continuity was built and applied to model the subway IAQ concerned. In this paper, the recent updated draft version of model developed will be reported and demonstrated.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.976-980
• /
• 2008

Ventilation equipment performs a cental role to maintain comfort subway environment. So ventilation equipment of Busan subway first line is needed to improvement thermal environment. In this study, condition of thermal environment is presented to improve ventilation equipment at existing subway station platforms by measuring thermal environment of platforms operated ventilation equipment at 14 stations of Busan subway first line. AWS of data in comparison with the neighbouring platforms and thermal environment analysis.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.374-383
• /
• 2012

In this study, we have observed the airborne radon levels in the subway cabins before and after platform screen doors (PSD) installation. The measurements have been conducted at Seoul metropolitan subway lines in 2008, 2009 and 2010. The mean concentration of the radon inside subway cabins were increased by approximately 53% from $20.1Bq/m^3$ to $30.8Bq/m^3$ by installing PSD. After PSD installation, measured values for the different lines were rather different, and varied between 8.2 and $76.5Bq/m^3$. And mean radon concentrations were in the decreasing order for subway lines 5, 6, 7, 8, 3, 4, 2, 9 and 1. It was also found that the indoor radon concentrations in the subway cabins were highly dependent on the management approach of a ventilation system at the subway stations. By assuming an average of $720\;h\;year^{-1}$ and $2,880\;h\;year^{-1}$ spent in subway cabin, effective doses to passengers and employee were estimated. The expected annual effective dose, in case of an equilibrium factor of 0.4, were $0.07mSv\;y^{-1}$ and $0.26mSv\;y^{-1}$, respectively.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.504-516
• /
• 1997

Recently scientists and engineers are developing a system to get waste heat of low-temperature level with advanced heat pump, which have not been used up to now. As the reason, it is necessary to examine capability of using waste heat which is raised up in the tunnel of subway out of widely distributed low-temperature waste heat in large cities. Therefore we surveyed thermal environment of the tunnel of subway in $S\check{o}my\check{o}n$, downtown of Pusan, from November 1995 to December 1996 and developed a program to predict the thermal environment of subway on the basis of experimental data and the geometries of tunnels. This paper has proved availability of waste heat of subway when the measured results obtained in subway in the winter time and the simulated results of thermal environment prediction program are compared, as well as has reported results of estimating reliability of the simulation program. As the result, the charateristics of thermal environment in the tunnel of subway in $S\check{o}my\check{o}n$ station in the winter time are to be followed; 1) temperature in the tunnel is about $10^{\circ}C$ higher than outside air temperature, 2) temperature change in the tunnel is less than that in the platform so that we may obtain stable heat source, 3) and when the measured results obtained in subway in the winter time and the simulated results of thermal environment prodiction program is compared, both results show similar tendency. Therefore, we confirm estimating reliability of the simulation program.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.446-456
• /
• 2010

지하철역사의 환경조형물은 단순히 승객운송을 위한 기능주의적 정거장에서 벗어나 획일적인 지하공간을 다양한 문화공간으로 창조하며 지역의 문화를 알리는 중요한 시각적 지표내지는 지역의 고유한 이정표의 기능을 갖는다. 따라서 지하철 환경조형물은 단순히 개인의 취향이나 사적인 입장보다는 공공설치물이나 공공예술이란 범주에서 지하철 이용자의 기대에 대한 다수의 유의한 감정의 공감대 형성에 필요한 디자인 접근이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 지하철 환경조형물 설치에 있어 지하철을 이용하는 이용자들의 관점에서 어떻게 평가되고 선호하는지를 규명하기 위해 지역별 이용자에 대한 환경조형물의 인지도와 선호도 및 작품의 시각적 이미지를 평가할 수 있는 요인에 대하여 조사, 분석을 시행하였다. 환경조형물에 대해서는 대체적으로 긍정적인 요소가 많이 나타나는 것으로 조사되었으나 역사 환경의 특성과 조화가 이루어지지 않는다면 오히려 지하철 환경의 시각적 질을 저해시킬 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.927-935
• /
• 2009

지하철역사의 환경조형물은 단순히 승객운송을 위한 기능주의적 정거장에서 벗어나 획일적인 지하공간을 다양한 문화공간으로 창조하며 지역의 문화를 알리는 중요한 시각적 지표내지는 지역의 고유한 이정표의 기능을 갖는다. 따라서 지하철 환경조형물은 단순히 개인의 취향이나 사적인 입장보다는 공공설치물이나 공공예술이란 범주에서 지하철 이용자의 기대에 대한 다수의 유의한 감정의 공감대 형성에 필요한 디자인 접근이 요구되고 있다. 본 연구는 지하철 환경조형물 설치에 있어 지하철을 이용하는 이용자들의 관점에서 어떻게 평가되고 선호하는지를 규명하기 위해 지역별 이용자에 대한 환경조형물의 인지도와 선호도 및 작품의 시각적 이미지를 평가할 수 있는 요인에 대하여 조사, 분석을 시행하였다. 환경조형물에 대해서는 대체적으로 긍정적인 요소가 많이 나타나는 것으로 조사되었으나 역사 환경의 특성과 조화가 이루어지지 않는다면 오히려 지하철 환경의 시각적 질을 저해시킬 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.