• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.235-240
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine about dental hygienists' myofascial pain syndrome, lower back pain, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), medial and lateral epicondylitis, hand-arm vibration syndrom and work-related musculoskeletal syndrome (WMSD) experience and hygienists' posture, motion. Methods: The self-administered questionnaire was surveyed from June 1 to September 30 of 2018 targeting 280 dental hygienists in Gyeongnam province and 266 dental hygienists' answers were analyzed. Results: The average daily working hours of a dental hygienist was more than eight hours 59.0%, with an average of 33 patients per day. The average number of patients who receive treatment for more than 30 minutes is 15. The angle of motion of the subjective evaluation was above 60%. Medical position and form of movement were more than 50% above the standard level. Symptoms of posture and motion that cause WMSD were hand-arm vibration syndrome 68.1%, myofascial pain syndrome 58.6%, lower back pain 51.1%, CTS 50.4% in order. Experience WMSD related symptoms which dental hygienists experience were myofascial pain syndrome 92.9%, CTS 57.9%, lower back pain 56.4%, medial and lateral epicondylitis 37.2%, hand-arm vibration syndrome 24.4%. Conclusion: The above results showed the posture and motion of dental hygienists and were found that the experience rate which dental hygienists experience WMSD of myofascial pain syndrome, Lower back pain, and CTS was significantly more than 56%.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2010

This study has intended to evaluate rural subjective landscape through participation of residents and visitors according to space types, and to perform comparative analysis of evaluation results between residents and visitors. This study has employed a survey method for which 58 residents of 8 villages within Seondong region at Gochang-gun and 70 visitors to Green Barley Field Festival in the target region have participated. 42 landscape view points were selected according to landscape scopes and space types, and then the preference was evaluated using landscape adjectives after showing pictures already taken for each landscape view point. This study has found the following results. First, whereas residents gave high points to natural landscape and artificial one at the historical culture areas in comparison with other landscape scopes, visitors gave them low points on the other hand. Second, visitors evaluated the cultivated area among space types of mixed landscapes with high value. Third, based on t-test for comparative analysis, the statistically significant differences of evaluation results appeared at 6 places among 8 natural landscapes, 3 places among 12 artificial landscapes, and 3 places among mixed landscapes.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 1998

The sense of touch has both objective and subjective characteristics. During hand evaluation of the fabrics. psycho physiological processes such as emotion and stimulation. On other site, the mode of touch (passive vs. active) is also capable to modulate somatosensory responses. I.e., suppress somatocensory perception during active electrocortical responses to passive and active touch of the textiles with different subjective emotional preference. The study was carried out on 36 female college students. Physiological signals were acquired by Grass and BIOPAC 100 systems with AcqKnowledge variables, namely heart rate (HR), respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), pulse transit time (PTT), respiration rate (RSP) and skin conductance parameters (SCL, amplitude, risetime and number of SCRs) were analyzed for baseline and stimulation conditions. Analysis was manifested in a form of moderate HR acceleration. RSP increase, RSA decrease (lowered vagal tone), decreased PTT and increased electrodermal activity (increased SCL, several SCRs) that reflects general sympathetic activation. Parietal EEG effects (on contra-lateral side to stimulated hand)were featured by short-term alpha-blocking, slightly reduced theta, significantly increased delta and enhanced fast beta activity with few variations across stimuli. The main finding of the study was that most and least preferred textures exhibited significant differences in autonomic (HR, RSP, PTT, SCR, and at less extent in RSA and SCL) and electrocortical responses (delta, slow and fast alpha, fast beta relative power). These differences were recorded both in passive and active stimulation modes, thus demonstrating reproducibility of distinction between most and least emotionally preferred tactile stimuli, suggesting influence of psychological factors, such as emotional property of stimulus, on physiological outcome.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.327-335
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• 2023

Background: Pain control is a crucial aspect of pediatric dentistry for patient management. Thermo-mechanical devices (Buzzy^TM Pain Care Labs, USA) work on the concept of vibration and cooling and have shown promising results in pain control during local anesthesia in pediatric dentistry. On the other hand, audio distraction has also been used for pain management. The amount of pain endured is determined by the patient's perception and attentiveness. Thus, if audio function is added to the thermomechanical device it might increase its efficiency. Hence, the present study aimed to compare pain on injection using a thermo-mechanical device with and without audio during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injection in children aged 5-10 years old. Methods: Twenty-eight children aged between 5 and 10 indicated for IANB were included in this randomized study. Children who were undergoing the dental procedure were divided into 2 groups, with 14 children in each group. The study group was the thermo-mechanical device with audio distraction; the control group was the thermo-mechanical device without audio distraction. IANB was administered. Subjective pain evaluation was performed using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPR) and objective pain evaluation was done using the Faces, Leg, Activity, Consolability, Cry (FLACC) scale. Results: The outcome depicted a significant reduction in pain on injection for both objective and subjective evaluations in the thermo-mechanical device with an audio distraction group. Conclusions: Less pain on injection was observed, when a thermo-mechanical device was used with audio distraction for IANB procedures.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.204-214
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• 2015

Depth map upsampling is an approach to increase the spatial resolution of depth maps obtained from a depth camera. Depth map quality is closely related to 3D perception of stereoscopic image, multi-view image and holography. In general, the performance of upsampled depth map is evaluated by PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio). On the other hand, time-consuming 3D subjective tests requiring human subjects are carried out for examining the 3D perception as well as visual fatigue for 3D contents. Therefore, if an objective metric is closely correlated with a subjective test, the latter can be replaced by the objective metric. For this, this paper proposes a best metric by investigating the relationship between diverse objective metrics and 3D subjective tests. Diverse reference and no-reference metrics are adopted to evaluate the performance of upsampled depth maps. The subjective test is performed based on DSCQS test. From the utilization and analysis of three kinds of correlations, we validated that SSIM and Edge-PSNR can replace the subjective test.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.664-667
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• 2006

We propose an efficient audio transcoding algorithm that can convert audio streams from terrestrial digital television broadcasting service stations to those for terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting hand-held receivers. The proposed algorithm avoids the complicated psychoacoustic analysis by calculating the scalefactors of the bit-sliced arithmetic coding encoder directly from the signal-to-noise ratio parameters of the AC-3 decoder. The bit-allocation process is also simplified by cascading the nested distortion control loop. Through subjective evaluation, it is shown that the proposed algorithm provides comparable audio quality to tandem coding but it requires much smaller complexity.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.1 no.4
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• pp.358-362
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• 1999

Twenty-three fabrics of varying thicknesses and weights were subjected to the maximum pressures of 10, 20, 35, 50 and 70 $gf/cm^2$ to yield pressure-thickness curves. Compression property values were plotted according to the amount of pressure applied to the samples. Pressure increases resulted in decreases in LC (compressional curve linearity), increases in WC (compressional energy) and no change in RC (compressional resilience). The best-fit lines are found separately according to pressures. The thickest fabrics exhibited the highest LC and WC values. The slopes varied different according to the pressure applied, with a pressure 50 $gf/cm^2$ exhibiting the steepest slope at We. The pressure of 20 $gf/cm^2$ correlated most closely with the hand-evaluation test results, yielding Spearmans correlation coefficients of .86 and .82 respectively for the LC and WC.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.43-52
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• 2021

This case study developed and operated "Fashion & Film" as a fashion-related liberal arts course. The class was designed to include fashion styles exhibitted in films, fashion-related PPL, fashion design through film, fashion images of movie characters, considering gender & color images expressed in movie costumes, and the history of western costumes and asian folk costumes in films. The class was counducted through various teaching methods, such as lectures, student's presentation of movie plots, and team discussions, which created a student-led class. The team presentations at the end of the term were intended to enhance the understanding of fashion through movies. The results of subjective lecture evaluation of "Fashion & Film" showed the most satisfaction with the communication with professor. Students said that it was good to understand fashion through film. They expressed a burden with the team project; however, they were satisfied with the team project outcomes. Students said that PowerPoint was used very effectively. On the other hand, there was an prevelent opinion that the content of PowerPoint and workbook did not match. To address this inconvenience, a textbook called "Fashion in Film" was published and used in the first semester of 2020. The multiple-choice evaluation showed that students were generally satisfied with the "Fashion & Film" class.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.2480-2496
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• 2020

Considering that high-dose X-ray radiation during CT scans may bring potential risks to patients, in the medical imaging industry there has been increasing emphasis on low-dose CT. Due to complex statistical characteristics of noise found in low-dose CT images, many traditional methods are difficult to preserve structural details effectively while suppressing noise and artifacts. Inspired by the deep learning techniques, we propose a densely connected residual network (DCRN) for low-dose CT image noise cancelation, which combines the ideas of dense connection with residual learning. On one hand, dense connection maximizes information flow between layers in the network, which is beneficial to maintain structural details when denoising images. On the other hand, residual learning paired with batch normalization would allow for decreased training speed and better noise reduction performance in images. The experiments are performed on the 100 CT images selected from a public medical dataset-TCIA(The Cancer Imaging Archive). Compared with the other three competitive denoising algorithms, both subjective visual effect and objective evaluation indexes which include PSNR, RMSE, MAE and SSIM show that the proposed network can improve LDCT images quality more effectively while maintaining a low computational cost. In the objective evaluation indexes, the highest PSNR 33.67, RMSE 5.659, MAE 1.965 and SSIM 0.9434 are achieved by the proposed method. Especially for RMSE, compare with the best performing algorithm in the comparison algorithms, the proposed network increases it by 7 percentage points.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1318-1329
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the structural characteristics of men's suit fabrics on the texture image and the preference, and to analyze the relationship between the preference and the practical sales ratio. In addition, the texture images and the preference of fabric and jackets made of the same fabrics were compared. As specimen, jackets for men's suit of 2002' S/S and their fabrics were collected. Questionnaires composed of 22 sensibility related and 21 fabric image related adjectives were developed. For the subjective evaluation of the texture image, both jackets and fabric samples were tested. Tests were performed with 100 female subjects in clothing department and apparel industry. For the objective evaluation, structural characteristics such as fiber contents, yarn twist, fabric count, thickness and weight were analyzed. Total Hand Value were calculated from mechanical properties determined by the KES-FB system. Factor analysis showed sensibilities were classified into 6 categories; "surface roughness", "weight", "density", "stiffness", "elasticity" and "wetness". Fabric images were classified into 4 categories; "classic", "original", "practical", and "stuffy". Depending on the method to show the specimen to the subjects, whether it is suit or fabric, statistically significant differences were observed with a number of adjectives for sensibilities and fabric images. The results of THV of KES did not agree with the preference of subjects, which suggests that we should be careful when using the KES system, which was developed for Japanese people. Price was considered to be another factor besides the texture image that influenced on purchase.