• 대한간호학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.278-302
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• 1994

This article reviewed and analyzed 39 studies on self efficacy theory applied to health related behavior. The following analysis was done : 1) study subjects 2) measurement tools 3) analysis according to the type of research design(intervention re-search, explanatory research). Some findings are summarized as follows : The study subjects were both healthy people in various developmental stages and patients with various illnesses. The health related behaviors examined in the studies were also various including exercise, smoking cessation, self care behaviors, etc. The measurement of self efficacy was done with specific tools in most studies. In the tools, activities that measured the health behavior domain were listed according to increasing difficulty or contexual arrangement or in combination of both of them The analysis of 17 intervention research studies showed that generally the intervention program increased the self efficacy level of subjects and then the increased strongly self efficacy influenced behavioral changes. Most studies used more than one intervention method for increasing the self efficacy level. these were derived from sources of self efficacy suggested by Bandura. The analysis of 21 explanatory research studies showed that self efficacy strongly influenced behavior change and persistence. The major independent variable to affect the self efficacy was performance accomplishment in the past. Self efficacy explained more of the variance in health related behavior when it was applied with the variables in the health belief model, health promotion model, and reasoned action theory. On the basis of the above findings, the following suggestions are made : 1. For a desirable research design, self efficacy should be the intervening variable. That is, desirable designs would include intervention-self efficacy-behavior in intervention research studies and antecedent-self efficacy-behavior in explanatory research studies. 2. More prospective, longitudinal studies are needed to test the effect of self efficacy on persistence in health related behavior. 3. Studies comparing the effects of intervention methods are needed for each health related behavior, subject group, and context. 4. It is necessary to develop a reliable, valid measurement tool for self efficacy for each health related behavior. 5. Studies to differenciate the effect of self efficacy from that of outcome expectation on the health related behavior are necessary. 6. The antecedents of self efficacy should be investigated further.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to explore the antitumor mechanism and effects of tetrodotoxin through a literature review of experimental and clinical studies. Methods : Medical databases, including The Cochrane Library, Pubmed, NDSL, RISS4u and National Assembly Library, were searched for relevant articles published from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2014 using the keywords 'tetrodotoxin', 'cancer' and 'tumor'. The results were classified into experimental studies(in vitro and in vivo) and clinical studies. Analysis of the results was conducted on several research areas including the mechanism, antitumor effect and adverse effects of tetrodotoxin(TTX). Results : A total of 34 experimental studies(32 in vitro and 2 in vivo) and 3 clinical studies were found in the search. Most of the experimental studies suggested blocking of voltage-gated sodium channels in metastasis of tumor cells as the main antitumor mechanism of TTX. The most common type of cancers mentioned in the experimental studies were prostate and breast cancer. All of the clinical studies were on the application of TTX on moderate to severe cancer-related pain. No adverse effects of TTX were reported in in vivo studies but mild to moderate adverse events were reported in clinical studies. Conclusions : The results show that tetrodotoxin, which is the main component of Tetraodontidae(commonly known as pufferfish) poison, could be clinically used for antitumor therapy. However, further studies should be conducted on its safety.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제38권
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• pp.245-264
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• 2015

In this paper, I suggest methodological ways of studying comparative literature regarding ongoing discussions of world and national literature. The role of comparative literature studies has widened in the contemporary era, in which nations have become rapidly entangled and the concept of the world as a unified entity is under question. In this regard, I critically review the traditional principles of the hospitality of cosmopolitanism and the exclusivity of the borders of national literatures. Further, I suggest that scholars adopt the concept by Sigmund Freud of "unfamiliar familiarity" as a methodological motive for studies of comparative literature. Based on this concept, scholars can further develop the unique methods of the discipline of comparative literary studies for teaching and research amidst the ongoing phenomenon of globalization. They can also use these methods to simultaneously contribute to solving the problem of "comparison without a unifying category of the world," as revealed by the results of deconstructional and postcolonial studies. Regarding community-based discussions of literature, I introduce the "bridge and door" metaphor, put forth by Georg Simmel, as a key concept in methodological consideration of translation and in comparative literary studies. In this paper, adopting the metaphor of the bridge and door as an intertextual and social model for comparative studies, I define the new role of comparative literary studies in literary transnationalism, which is particularly necessary when different languages and cultures overlap and become entangled. Regarding the rapidly changing contemporary world community, comparative literary studies, as an experimental discipline, is uniquely capable of examining this kind of community, which forms itself beyond and beneath individual nations.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.159-166
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• 2021

Purpose : This study systematically assessed programs self-esteem programs for schizophrenic individuals that have been implemented over the past 10 years in South Korea, with the objective of providing clinical grounds and data for further programs that can be implemented in the Korean environment. Methods : For this study, a data search was conducted from 2012 to 2021, using search terms 'schizophrenia' AND 'self-esteem' among the studies registered in the RISS, KISS, Google Scholar, and National Library of Korea databases. A total of 988 studies were searched, and among them, 40 studies meeting the selection criteria had been taken by reviewing the titles and abstracts. After, 33 studies were excluded according to the exclusion criteria, and finally, the 7 studies were selected. Results : As a result, research into self-esteem programs for schizophrenic individuals has progressed steady, and most studies tend to be non-randomized controlled studies. All studies used the Self-Esteem Scale to evaluate self-esteem. All studies used the Self-Esteem Scale to evaluate self-esteem. The interventions of the selected studies were classified as were social skill programs, cognitive behavioral therapy programs, art therapy programs, and emotional management programs. And among them, the cognitive behavioral therapy programs were the most frequently used (42.8 %). Typically, the majority of the intervention sessions consisted of 11~15 sessions, the frequency of intervention was twice a week, and each session lasted 40~80 minutes were the most (each 57.1 %). In the programs for self-esteem, significant effects were reported for cognitive behavioral and art therapy programs, and there is no significant effect on social skill programs and emotional management programs. Conclusion : Future studies should expand the research scope, both domestically and internationally, and suggest more comprehensive conditions for a literature search by widening the research subject coverage.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to analyze the characteristics of emotional intelligence and the variables related to emotional intelligence in a comprehensive manner. In addition, the study intends to present research trends and future research directions of emotional intelligence in a Korean context by analyzing the effects of emotional intelligence and its mechanisms. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: 77 KCI listed studies were selected for the analysis, and the research perspective of emotional intelligence, measurement instruments, empirical research and research methods were analyzed. In addition, research directions were suggested based on the analysis results. Results: The results of the analysis were as follows: First, previous researchers used the ability model of emotional intelligence the most. Second, Previous studies tended to focus on behavioral factors as dependent variables affected by emotional intelligence, in addition to attitudes, affection. Third, there were few studies on the antecedents of emotional intelligence, however, most studies dealt with the consequences of emotional intelligence. Fourth, few studies dealt with moderators between emotional intelligence and dependent variables. Fifth, on the research type, most studies were quantitative studies, however, a few of them were qualitative studies (Literature review, in-depth interview). Sixth, with regard to the analysis level, almost all studies were conducted on the individual level of emotional intelligence, and most studies featured a cross-sectional research design (longitudinal research design was rare). Conclusion: First, from the perspective of emotional intelligence, additional research should be focused on not only the ability model of emotional intelligence but also on the trait model or the mixed model in the future. Second, since emotional intelligence is a multidimensional construct, it is necessary to study the profile of emotional intelligence by employing people-centered as well as variable-centered methods. Third, with regard to empirical studies, additional research is needed with respect to not only the emotional intelligence of the subordinate, but also the emotional intelligence of the supervisor (leader) and the emotional intelligence of the group. Fourth, it is necessary to actively utilize not only cross-sectional design but also longitudinal design, and qualitative research and meta-analysis methods should also be adopted.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.31-50
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• 2022

Purpose: This study was to investigate the types of imaging modalities, analytical methods for age estimation, and the age of the subjects in research on age estimation using dental radiography through a scoping review, and to investigate the overall trends in age estimation studies. Materials and Methods: A scoping review was designed according to the Arksey and O'Malley guidelines and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. Three electronic databases were used as search sources (Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library). Studies were classified according to the three main components of the research question. "What are the imaging modalities, analytical methods, and target age in dental imaging-based age estimation studies?" Result: The final 198 studies were selected by two reviewers. The most common imaging modality used in studies was panoramic radiography (69.7%), and studies using cone-beam computed tomography have increased over time. Analytical methods for age estimation were 62.6% in studies based on tooth development and 26.3% in studies using pulp/tooth ratio. The subject age was 27.8% for children and 27.3% for adults. Studies conducted in all age groups comprised the smallest category (5.2%). Conclusion: Panoramic radiography has been the most used types of imaging modalities for age estimation, and the most common analytical method was analysis of tooth development. Most studies targeted specific ages, and very few involved all age groups. Dental age estimation studies should be carried out with appropriate consideration of the imaging modality that is analyzed, the methods that are used, and the age that is targeted.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.1184-1198
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• 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the latest clinical studies on Korean medicine treatment of post-concussion syndrome (PCS) in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI). Methods: We searched the last 10 years of clinical studies discussing Oriental medicine-based treatments for PCS in the CNKI database. The search focused on the authors, publication year, type of study, purpose of the study, method and duration of treatment, evaluation criteria, and results of each article. Results: Of the 22 selected studies, 1 was a non-randomized controlled trial (nRCT), 2 were case series, and 19 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Treatments included oral herbal medicine in 16 studies, oriental medicine through external use in 2 studies, acupuncture in 3 studies, and traditional Chinese medicine injection in 2 studies. The most frequently used herb was Cnidii Rhizoma (川芎). All 22 studies confirmed the efficacy of Oriental medicine treatments. Conclusion: More varied and scientifically designed clinical studies are required to develop treatments for PCS. The results of this study could be used as basic data for further PCS studies.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to provide evidence for future research by analyzing the contents, delivery methods, and educational effects of educational programs for hemodialysis patients. Methods: A literature review was conducted in the following order: problem identification, literature search and data collection, data evaluation, data analysis, and data presentation. In total, 936 documents were retrieved from the search, and 24 documents were finally included in this study. Results: The contents of the educational programs were comprehensive hemodialysis-related knowledge education in seven studies, exercise-related education in 10 studies, diet-related education in four studies, drug-related education in one study, and complex education in two studies. The delivery methods were pamphlets in six studies, audio-visual materials in four studies, direct guidance by researchers in six studies, and multiple methods in seven studies. The effects of the educational program were divided into physical indicators, emotional indicators, and knowledge and performance related to hemodialysis. Sixteen out of 20 articles using physical indicators showed significant outcomes, and 10 out of 12 articles using emotional indicators derived positive results. Hemodialysis-related knowledge and performance were measured in eight and 10 studies, respectively, and meaningful results were found in six studies for knowledge and seven studies for performance. Conclusion: Future research will require the development of a systematic and standardized educational program with comprehensive content that can be provided to all hemodialysis patients, as well as a highly accessible education delivery method to enhance the effectiveness of education.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제86권2호
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• pp.120-132
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• 2023

Background: To systematically review studies on inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and lung cancer incidence in chronic airway disease patients. Methods: We conducted electronic bibliographic searches on OVID-MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Database before May 2020 to identify relevant studies. Detailed data on the study population, exposure, and outcome domains were reviewed. Results: Of 4,058 screened publications, 13 eligible studies in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma evaluated lung cancer incidence after ICS exposure. Pooled hazard ratio and odds ratio for developing lung cancer in ICS exposure were 0.81 (95% confidence interval, 0.64 to 1.02; I²=95.7%) from 10 studies and 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.50 to 2.07; I²=94.7%) from three studies. Meta-regression failed to explain the substantial heterogeneity of pooled estimates. COPD and asthma were variously defined without spirometry in 11 studies. Regarding exposure assessment, three and 10 studies regarded ICS exposure as a time-dependent and fixed variable, respectively. Some studies assessed ICS use for the entire study period, whereas others assessed ICS use for 6 months to 2 years within or before study entry. Smoking was adjusted in four studies, and only four studies introduced 1 to 2 latency years in their main or subgroup analysis. Conclusion: Studies published to date on ICS and lung cancer incidence had heterogeneous study populations, exposures, and outcome assessments, limiting the generation of a pooled conclusion. The beneficial effect of ICS on lung cancer incidence has not yet been established, and understanding the heterogeneities will help future researchers to establish robust evidence on ICS and lung cancer incidence.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.37-68
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically review thread-embedding treatment studies for depression, anxiety, and dementia and examine the effectiveness and safety of thread-embedding treatment. Methods: Ten domestic and international search databases were used for study selection, including CNKI, PubMed, CENTRAL, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, PsycArticles, RISS, OASIS, and KCI. We included studies that presented diagnostic or appropriate criteria for depression, anxiety, and dementia, and randomized control studies using thread-embedding therapy. We searched papers published until October 10, 2023. Results: Twenty-one studies were selected, of which 11 studies were conducted on depression, nine on dementia, and one on anxiety disorders. The most commonly used acupoint for depression was Gansu (BL18), whereas zusanli (ST36) and fenglong (ST40) were used for dementia. The most commonly used type of thread was 1-0 United States pharmacopeia (USP) and 1 cm for depression and 2-0 USP and 1 cm for dementia. The treatment period for most of the studies was once every 2 weeks and for 8 weeks. Among the included studies, 17 showed significant improvements in depression scales, such as Hamilton depression rating scale and Self rating depression scale, activities of daily living scales, and cognitive function scales, such as Hasegawa dementia scale and Mini-mental state examination. Six studies reported adverse events, and no studies reported significant adverse events. Two studies reported follow-ups. Conclusions: This study presents limited evidence for the effectiveness and safety of thread-embedding therapy for depression, anxiety, and dementia. Well-designed studies are needed to review the clinical efficacy and safety of thread-embedding therapy in the future.