• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.147-165
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• 2023

The paper contrasts conventional seismic design with a design that incorporates buckling-restrained bracing in three-dimensional reinforced concrete buildings (BRBs). The suboptimal structures may be found using the multi-objective chimp optimization algorithm (MEN-ChOA). Given the constraints and dimensions, ChOA suffers from a slow convergence rate and tends to become stuck in local minima. Therefore, the ChOA is improved by niching and evolutionary operators to overcome the aforementioned problems. In addition, a new technique is presented to compute seismic and dead loads that include all of a structure's parts in an algorithm for three-dimensional frame design rather than only using structural elements. The performance of the constructed multi-objective model is evaluated using 12 standard multi-objective benchmarks proposed in IEEE congress on evolutionary computation. Second, MEN-ChOA is employed in constructing several reinforced concrete structures by the Mexico City building code. The variety of Pareto optimum fronts of these criteria enables a thorough performance examination of the MEN-ChOA. The results also reveal that BRB frames with comparable structural performance to conventional moment-resistant reinforced concrete framed buildings are more cost-effective when reinforced concrete building height rises. Structural performance and building cost may improve by using a nature-inspired strategy based on MEN-ChOA in structural design work.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.339-351
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• 2022

Evaluating the current condition of existing structures is of primary importance for economic and safety reasons. This can be addressed by Structural System Identification (SSI). A reliable static SSI depends on well-designed sensor configuration and loading cases, as well as efficient parameter estimation algorithms. Static SSI by the Measurement Error-Minimizing Observability Method (MEMOM) is a model-based deterministic static SSI method that could estimate structural parameters from static responses. In the current state of the art, this method is only applicable when structures are subjected to one loading case. This might lead to lack of information in some local regions of the structure (such as the null curvatures zones). To address this issue, the SSI by MEMOM using multiple loading cases is proposed in this work. Observability equations obtained from different loading cases are concatenated simultaneously and an optimization procedure is introduced to obtain the estimations by minimizing the discrepancy between the predicted response and the measured one. In addition, a Genetic-Algorithm (GA)-based Optimal Sensor Placement (OSP) method is proposed to tackle the OSP problem under multiple static loading cases for the very first time. In this approach, the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM)'s determinant is used as the metric of the goodness of sensor configurations. The numerical examples of a 3-span continuous bridge and a 13-story frame, are analyzed to validate the applicability of the extended SSI by MEMOM and the GA-based OSP method.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.337-349
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• 2000

유전자 알고리즘(GA)은 어떠한 유형의 문제에도 적용가능하며 달리 방법이 없는 경우 최후의 수단으로 흔히 사용되는 방법이다. 강구조물 설계란 기본적으로 구조물을 이루는 부재로서 어떤 재료를 선택될 것인지를 결정하는 문제이다. 따라서 천문학적인 숫자의 설계가 존재하며 이들 중 최적의 설계를 탐색하는 것은 대체로 불가능한 일이다. 본 논문에서는 GA와 이와 관련된 여러 가지 기법들을 소개하고 강구조물 최적설계에 이들의 활용을 모색하였다. 작은 설계공간을 가지는 문제에서는 GA로 전역최적설계를 찾을 수 있었다. GA는 또한 연속변수 최적설계 문제에서도 최적설계를 찾았으며 구조물 최적설계에 적용될 수 있음을 보였다. 그러나 규모가 큰 현실문제에서는 GA가 최적 또는 최적에 근접한 설계를 항상 찾을 수 있을 것이라고 기대하기는 어려울 것으로 생각된다. GA에 G bit improvement를 추가하여 수행한 경우에 더 좋은 최적설계 결과를 보여주었으며 앞으로 이 부분의 연구가 활발해 질 것이다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.339-343
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• 2015

To rapidly recover ceased functionality of a facility after a catastrophic seismic event, critical decisions on facility repair works are made within a limited period of time. However, prolonged damage assessment of facilities, due to massive damage in the surrounding region and the complicated damage judgment procedures, may impede restoration planning. To assist reliable structural damage estimation without a deep knowledge and rapid interactive analysis among facility damage and restoration operations during the approximate restoration project planning phase, we developed a prototype of distributed facility restoration simulations through the use of high-level architecture (HLA) (IEEE 1516). The simulation prototype, in which three different simulations (including a seismic data retrieval technique, a structural response simulator, and a restoration simulation module) interact with each other, enables immediate damage estimation by promptly detecting earthquake intensity and the restoration operation analysis according to estimated damage. By conducting case simulations and experiments, research outcomes provide key insights into post-disaster restoration planning, including the extent to which facility damage varies according to disaster severity, facility location, and structures. Additional insights arise regarding the extent to which different facility damage patterns impact a project's performance, especially when facility damage is hard to estimate by observation. In particular, an understanding of required type and amount of repair activities (e.g., demolition works, structural reinforcement, frame installation, or finishing works) is expected to support project managers in approximate work scheduling or resource procurement plans.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.629-639
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• 2018

In this paper, the vibroacoustic responses of baffled laminated composite sandwich flat panel structure under the influence of harmonic excitation are studied numerically using a novel higher-order coupled finite-boundary element model. A numerical scheme for the vibrating plate has been developed in the frame work of the higher-order mid-plane kinematics and the eigen frequencies are obtained by employing suitable finite element steps. The acoustic responses are then computed by solving the Helmholtz wave equation using boundary element method coupled with the structural finite elements. The proposed scheme has been implemented via an own MATLAB base code to compute the desired responses. The validity of the present model is established from the conformance of the current natural frequencies and the radiated sound power with the available benchmark solutions. The model is further utilized to scrutinize the influence of core-to-face thickness ratio, modular ratio, lamination scheme and the support condition on the sound radiation characteristics of the vibrating sandwich flats panel. It can be concluded that the present scheme is not only accurate but also efficient and simple in providing solutions of the coupled vibroacoustic response of laminated composite sandwich plates.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.335-341
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• 2011

In this paper, we proposed an automatic packing mechanism of one station concept for fastener objects where the continuous work is performed in a finite space. The proposed packing mechanism is composed of supporting frame, feeding supply, air shower device, clamping/opening device, batch charging device, sealing/cutting device and supply adjusting device. And, these mechanisms have been modularized through mechanical, dynamical, structural and fluid optimized design using the SMO(SimDesigner Motion) analysis module. Also, the virtual prototype was carried out using the 3-D CAD program. The packing process is consisted performed in the order of feeding, clamping, bottom sealing, cutting, opening, object charging, closing and the upper sealing. And the time of these cycles were designed to be completed in 15-20 seconds. This packing mechanism will be created as a prototype in the near future. In addition, it will be applied to the production scenes after going through a field test for the validation of performance.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.413-422
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• 2008

1992년 퓰리처 상을 수상한 아트 슈피겔만의 그래픽 노블 <<쥐>>에 관한 표현적 특성가운데 첫 번째 작가가 청년기를 보낸 $60{\sim}70$년대 <<쥐>>의 창작 배경이 되는 시대 상황과 환경을 조사하여 작품의 사상적 배경을 연구하였고 두 번째 서사적 특성에서는 우화적 서사와 다큐멘터리적 내러티브, 이중화법, 액자식 구성에 관한 조사를 하였다. 세 번째 형식적 특성에서는 캐릭터의 변화과정과 상징성 및 스콧 맥클루드의 만화 이론을 바탕으로 <<쥐>>의 구조적인 분석을 하였다. 마지막으로 슈피겔만 특유의 표현기법인 사진, 약식 도판, 지도를 분석하여 리얼리즘이 강하게 표현된 <<쥐>>의 형태 구조적 완성도를 고찰하였다.

• 한국건설관리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건설관리학회 2007년도 정기학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.387-391
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• 2007

초고층 공사에서 적합한 거푸집의 선정 여부는 프로젝트의 성패를 좌우하는 중요한 요인이다. 그러나 현재 국내 초고층 공사는 거푸집별 특성을 고려한 적합한 거푸집 선정이 이루어지지 못하는 실정이다. 합리적인 거푸집 선정을 위해서는 원가뿐 아니라 공기, 품질, 안전 및 환경적 측면을 포함하는 종합적인 고려가 요구된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원가, 공기, 품질, 안전 및 환경 측면에서의 거푸집별 적용성에 대해 비교${\cdot}$분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 초고층 공사 실무자들을 대상으로 거푸집 선정시 관리 우선순위 및 거푸집별 적용성에 대한 설문조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 거푸집 선정시 보다 합리적인 의사결정에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.539-549
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• 2017

Existing reinforced concrete frame buildings designed for vertical loads could only suffer severe damage during earthquakes. In recent years, many research activities were undertaken to develop a reliable and practical analysis procedure to identify the safety level of existing structures. The Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is considered to be one of the most accurate methods to estimate the seismic demand and capacity of structures. However, the executions of many nonlinear response history analyses (NL_RHA) are required to describe the entire range of structural response. The research discussed in this paper deals with the proposal of an efficient Incremental Modal Pushover Analysis (IMPA) to obtain capacity curves by replacing the nonlinear response history analysis of the IDA procedure with Modal Pushover Analysis (MPA). Firstly, In this work, the MPA is examined and extended to three-dimensional asymmetric structures and then it is incorporated into the proposed procedure (IMPA) to estimate the structure's seismic response and capacity for given seismic actions. This new procedure, which accounts for higher mode effects, does not require the execution of complex NL-RHA, but only a series of nonlinear static analysis. Finally, the extended MPA and IMPA were applied to an existing irregular framed building.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.487-504
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• 2013

In the present work a new friction device, with a set of single or double rotational friction flanges and a link element, is described and tested. The mechanism may be applied for the strengthening of existing r/c or steel buildings as well as in new constructed buildings. The device has selectable variable behavior in different levels of displacement and an interlock mechanism that is provided by the link element. The link element may be designed to lock at preselected level of displacement, offering in this way an extra safety reserve against strong earthquakes. A summary of the existing literature about other similar mechanisms is initially presented in this paper. The proposed mechanism is presented and described in details. Laboratory experiments are presented in detail and the resulted response that proves the efficiency of the mechanism at selectable levels of strength capacity is discussed. Drawings of the mechanism attached to a r/c frame with connection details are also included. Finally a dynamic analysis of two r/c frames, with and without the proposed mechanism attached, is performed and the resulted response is given. The main conclusion is that the proposed mechanism is a cheap and efficient devise for the improvement of the performance of new or existing framed buildings to seismic loads.