• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.23-29
• /
• 2015

The environmental friendly well being food is currently more concerning with being important for living together between human and nature worldwide by inducing the abnormal weather and global warming effect. Organic farming in Korea is slightly developed for past 100 years compared with the advanced country. However, world market of organic farming will be expanded in the future. According to holding 2015 Goesan World Organic Agriculture Industry Expo (WOAIE) from Sept. 18 to Oct. 11 organic farming in Korea will be developed. For being the safe and successful Expo, indices for 5 sectors are developed as SSaM-GG(Shared, Smart, and Mutual-Green Growth) with emphasis on reduction of accidents.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.35-39
• /
• 2014

The world has been interested in sustainable development and to be considered important the three values(Environmental Integrity, Economic Growth, Social expandability) of sustainability. Rio+20 conference was attention to "Green Economy", trying to solve for sustainable development. But Rio+20 proposed "The Future We Want", They can't solve it and it is regret. Also It is judged that Only three values of sustainability are limited to sustainable development. Five values; Green Star is suggested the answer for "The Future We Want". Four Rivers Project verified by Green Star, Green Star proposed new paradigm for sustainable development. And Expect the strong well-being country of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
• /
• 2003.10a
• /
• pp.77-77
• /
• 2003

If we look closely to the power shift of the powerful countries historically. during the 16th century Spain's power came from gold, colony trade, the mercenary force, close relation with the thrown, 17th century Netherlands owes their power to trade, capital market, the marines, 18th century France owes it to population, agriculture, public administration, and the army. Also, England had their industry, political unity, finance and trust, the marines, liberalistic principles, a geographical merit of being an island which can be defended well and the 20th century America has their cosmopolitan culture, supernational communication, the capacity of the economy, science technology, military strength, alliances, liberalism international formation. But in the 21st century culture and art will prevail over the information age where technology and knowledge was the key, and it is predicted that this will be the source of power for a strong country. Rolfe Yesson, the head of The Copenhagen Research Center for future studies said, "Information age has ended and in the future Dream Society will arrive which focuses on making distinctions by delivering dreams and emotions to consumers". As cyberspace gradually substitutes reality, cyberspace has become more than an information search engine and has become a place where people fulfill their desires and exchange culture. And as a medium for diffusing culture, the importance of the digital dress-up avatar is predicted to increase gradually.gradually.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.26 no.6
• /
• pp.14-31
• /
• 2022

Worn by both males and females the kimono is the national dress of Japan. Previous research highlights that this national dress is fading from tradition and evolves to develop with the times and fashion trends. This research aims to investigate what a kimono represents both historically and currently within Western society. The idea of the kimono being more than a national dress representing Japan, the main three themes researched will be (1) Shape (2) Narrative (3) Journey from East to West. Based on both primary and secondary sources this research indicates that there is a strong relationship between the universal increase of kimono wearers in Eastern and Western societies from history through to present day. Primary research is utilised in the form of two types of interviews. Primary outcomes bring a personal perspective to how and why kimono is worn nowadays within Europe. Secondary sources include online lectures held by kimono specialists as well as subject relevant books. From the 19th century where the Dutch were the only European country to trade with Japan, an exchange of fabrics took place which later led to the exchange of: fit, fashion and pattern (primarily within Western womenswear fashion.) This distinct garment never gets discontinued and evolves with social demands within society today.

• Korean Journal of Legislative Studies
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.37-79
• /
• 2017

The major purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the presidential system in South Korea during the past three decades ever since the country's democratization in 1987 from the comparative institutional perspective. As imperial presidentialism during the so-called three Kim's era(1987-2003) disappeared right after the political retirement of the three Kims in 2003, then president-centered presidentialism emerged during the post-three Kim's era, since the country's recent three presidents possessed their relatively low-level of partisan power in terms of their control of National Assemblies and their respective presidents' parties during their presidencies. South Korea has now a strong possibility to transform the current president-centered presidentialism into the American-style separatist presidential system in the near future, since the country's National Assembly has continuously been making its efforts to function as an effective governing body being compatible with the American Congress. In addition, the country's judiciary branch has effectively been playing a political role like the US supreme court ever since the country's democratization in 1987. It is also emphasized that South Korea's civic society is currently playing as a guardian of democracy through its effective and responsive political participations in many public sectors for promoting civic liberties, public welfare, and other democratic values. South Korea now needs to carry out constitutional revisions, political reforms of legislative system, party system, and electoral system as well as correct some contradictory political understandings and habits in a way to transform the current president-centered presidentialism into American-style separatist presidential system in the near future.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.101-119
• /
• 1989

In the present, since a five-year plan for economic development which was started in the early 60's has been successfully promoted for a quarter century, with consolidation in a department of social welfare in our country the participation. in economic society for women is more required than any other times. As a professional occupation for women is incereaing through a high-standard specialization, I think the upbringing for productive woman expert who has a strong motive of accomplishment as a developed person as well as a technical and skilful capacity which can be contributed to the growth of organization is very important. So in this study, I am evaluating the technical disposition of character of professional nurses working with hospital and also trying to supply the basic data being served to th extension of a skillful ability as a nurse, understanding the important factor related to it. The research method applied here is that we used 527 of formed questionnaires which were distributed to 7 University and General Hospitals, somewhat large in a scale, located in Seoul as an analytical material. It was performed between October 11, 1988 and October 18, 1988. An implement which was invented by Cho Moo-Sung is used after being amended and supplemented, which can measure the disposition of professional character. The formation of questionnaires of the disposition of character is 26 totally, 10 for Open-disposition, 11 for Active-disposition, 5 for wise-disposition, and it was measured. 'Ye', or 'No' through an one-half-standard and the environment of hospital organization is composed 12 questions from one point of 'Very Good' to 5 points of 'Very Bad.' Collected materials were analysed through an electronic calculation into the average value, the standard deflection, percentage, person correlative number, $X^2-test, m$ stepwise multiple regression. Summarizing the result from this research is as follows; 1. The average age of the subjective person of this investigation is 28.6 and the average career as a nurse is 6.0 years. 2. The Open-disposition that technical nurses showed is mostly half and half. 3. The Active-disposition of professional nurses was discovered affirmative largely and what they said in their questionnaires describes that they are very active answering $88.2\%$ for the disposition of self-control, $87.3\%$ for the people who think the training more seriously. 4. It was found out that the wise·disposition of technical nurse showed $90.7\%$ of 'Yes' about a new alternative of inquisitive question and we can see a progressive and profound aspect here. 5. As technical character of nurses, mutual relations between Active-disposition, Active-disposition, and wise­disposition were very profitably revealed as 0.42 in justice relations and also suggested that relations between Open-disposition, Active-disposition, and wise-disposition are 0.27 and 0.20 respectively. 6. What nurses recognize about the environment of hospital organization is reasonably acceptable while they feel very bad about rewards and punishments showing average 3.1 comparing to average 2.2 about time­control each other. Considering the prosperity of Active-disposition upon the result what I mentioned above, th possibility which is contributed to the productive improvement of hospital organization is very great and I think it can be more developed as a professional woman who has a strong motive of accomplishment, in advance.

• Water for future
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.38-42
• /
• 1976

Because of differences in thoughts and ideology, our country, Korea has been deprived of national unity for some thirty years of time and tide. To achieve peaceful unification, the cultivation of national strength is of paramount importance. This national strength is also essential if Korea is to take rightful place in the international societies and to have the confidence of these societies. However, national strength can never be achieved in a short time. The fundamental elements in economic development that are directly conducive to the cultivation of national strength can be said to lie in -a stable political system, -exertion of powerful leadership, -cultivation of a spirit of diligence, self-help and cooperation, -modernization of human brain power, and -establishment of a scientific and well planned economic policy and strong enforcement of this policy. Our country, Korea, has attained brilliant economic development in the past 15 years under the strong leadership of president Park Chung Hee. However, there are still many problems to be solved. A few of them are: -housing and home problems, -increasing demand for employment, -increasing demand for staple food and -the need to improve international balance of payment. Solution of the above mentioned problems requires step by step scientific development of each sector and region of our contry. As a spearhead project in regional development, the Saemaul Campaign or new village movement can be cited. The campaign is now spreading throughout the country like a grass fire. However, such campaigns need considerable encouragement and support and the means for the desired development must be provided if the regional and sectoral development program is to sucdceed. The construction of large multipurpose dams in major river basin plays significant role in all aspects of national, regional and sectoral development. It ensures that the water resource, for which there is no substitute, is retained and utilized for irrigation of agricultural areas, production of power for industry, provision of water for domestic and industrial uses and control of river water. Water is the very essence of life and we must conserve and utilize what we have for the betterment of our peoples and their heir. The regional and social impact of construction of a large dam is enormous. It is intended to, and does, dras tically improve the "without-project" socio-economic conditions. A good example of this is the Soyanggang multipurpose dam. This project will significantly contribute to our national strength by utilizing the stored water for the benefit of human life and relief of flood and drought damages. Annual average precipitation in Korea is 1160mm, a comparatively abundant amount. The catchment areas of the Han River, Keum River, and Youngsan River are $62,755\textrm{km}^2$, accounting for 64% of the national total. Approximately 62% of the national population inhabits in this area, and 67% of the national gross product comes from the area. The annual population growth rate of the country is currently estimated at 1.7%, and every year the population growth in urban area increases at a rising rate. The population of Seoul, Pusan, and Taegu, the three major cities in Korea, is equal to one third of our national total. According to the census conducted on October 1, 1975, the population in the urban areas has increased by 384,000, whereas that in rural areas has decreased by 59,000,000 in the past five years. The composition of population between urban and rural areas varied from 41%~59% in 1959 to 48%~52% in 1975. To mitigate this treand towards concentration of population in urban areas, employment opportunities must be provided in regional and rural areas. However, heavy and chemical industries, which mitigate production and employment problems at the same time, must have abundant water and energy. Also increase in staple food production cannot be attained without water. At this point in time, when water demand is rapidly growing, it is essential for the country to provide as much a reservoir capacity as possible to capture the monsoon rainfall, which concentarated in the rainy seaon from June to Septesmber, and conserve the water for year round use. The floods, which at one time we called "the devil" have now become a source of immense benefit to Korea. Let me explain the topographic condition in Korea. In northern and eastern areas we have high mountains and rugged country. Our rivers originate in these mountains and flow in a general southerly or westerly direction throught ancient plains. These plains were formed by progressive deposition of sediments from the mountains and provide our country with large areas of fertile land, emminently suited to settlement and irrigated agricultural development. It is, therefore, quite natural that these areas should become the polar point for our regional development program. Hower, we are fortunate in that we have an additional area or areas, which can be used for agricultural production and settlement of our peoples, particularly those peoples who may be displaced by the formation of our reservoirs. I am speaking of the tidelands along the western and southern coasts. The other day the Ministry of Agriculture and Fishery informed the public of a tideland reclamation of which 400,000 hectares will be used for growing rice as part of our national food self-sufficiency programme. Now, again, we arrive at the need for water, as without it we cannot realize this ambitious programme. And again we need those dams to provide it. As I mentioned before, dams not only provide us with essential water for agriculture, domestic and industrial use, but provide us with electrical energy, as it is generally extremely economical to use the water being release for the former purposes to drive turbines and generators. At the present time we have 13 hydro-electric power plants with an installed capacity of 711,000 kilowatts equal to 16% of our national total. There are about 110 potential dams ites in the country, which could yield about 2,300,000 kilowatts of hydro-electric power. There are about 54 sites suitable for pumped storage which could produce a further 38,600,000 kilowatts of power. All available if we carefully develop our water resources. To summarize, water resource development is essential to the regional development program and the welfare of our people, it must proceed hand-in-hand with other aspects of regional development such as land impovement, high way extension, development of our forests, erosion control, and develop ment of heavy and chemical industries. Through the successful implementation of such an integrated regional development program, we can look forward to a period of national strength, and due recognition of our country by the worlds societies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.536-547
• /
• 1995

The modernization of the fashion design in our country, like our chaotic modern history, has not been easy for us to grasp its main stream because it lacked historical consciousness and sincere attitude of creating. In trying to find out designs very Korean, designers usually ignore the deeply rooted ideologies and modes of our own, and primarily depend on the scattered fragments of tradition, such as the curled line of the ancient roofs, folk jackets and skirts, and Talcum, our ethnic dance, sometimes making some patchwork like clothes they divan't really intend to make. In the world of modern design, especially of the fashion industrial design, designs more scientific, more rationale and more positively appealing to the consumers, not the unconscious and emotional ones, are being demanded. To win in the fierce competing world of design as well call this age an age of "Design War", it is desirable for us to create our peculiar designs by uniting the internationalism (universality) and nationalism (traditionalism) together under a single rigid purpose. Analyzing the designs mainly of Korean style fashion designers since the 1980s, 1 could see that Korean designs in the aspect of appearance have a strong tendency toward applying or reviving the traditional elements, thus are under a bias toward nationalism rather than in ternationalism. The idea of "very Korean" does not mean a mere harmony or negotiation of the traditional elements with modern ones. It is rather a concept from vivid historical experiences of the conflict between the purely Korean mental, cultural heritages and the demands in mod- eradiation. Therefore, based on this concept of "very Korean" we must create fashions completely Korean and modern at the same time.n and modern at the same time.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.22 no.4
• /
• pp.15-34
• /
• 2019

Today, there is increasing recognition of the importance of urban regeneration for better public places. Urban parks as a public area play an important role in harnessing its positive impact on people's well-being: where the standards and funding of/for the parks are getting worse. There is however less a focus on policy approach to park regeneration in the country. Neverthless, a few UK's cases of such innovative park management(PM) has shown successful park regeneration based on policy support. Therefore, the aim of this research is to draw policy implications by exploring a case of successful park regeneration. To address the aim, this research conducts an in-depth case study of 'Manor Fields Park, UK', digging into its PM structure and PM body 'Green Estate Ltd' in relation to relevant policy. The data is mainly collected by interviews including a group interview. The analytical framework 'Place-keeping(PK)' and its six dimensions are employed to determine the characteristics of MFP's PM structure. Resultingly, there is a significant shift in the approach to PM which stresses the principle of long-term and self-sustaining structure led by a non-profit organisation and strong impacts of policy. In this context, PK highlights significant drivers for parks regeneration particularly in terms of policy implications: 1)providing policy support to encourage non-profit organisations in PM, 2)extending community involvement in decision-making processes, 3)promoting income generation by community groups, 4)shifting public awareness of shared responsibility for PM, 5)completing regular park maintenance assessment by community groups, and 6)delivering low-maintenance approaches to PM. To support these implications, PM structure for successful parks regeneration does meet a holistic and multi-dimensional approach of place-keeping underlined by understanding policy contexts and rethinking current status quo of PM. Addressing these implications will shed light on urban PM in an era of austerity and ultimately contribute to improving people's well-being.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.7-16
• /
• 2012

Despite the enforcement of SSM control laws such as 'the Law of Developing the Distribution Industry (LDDI)' and 'the Law of Promoting Mutual Cooperation between Large and Small/medium Enterprises (LPMC)' stipulating the business adjustment system, the number of super-supermarkets (SSMs) has ever been expanding in Korea. In France, however, Super Centers are being regulated most strongly and directly in the whole Europe viewing that there is not a single SSM in Paris, which is emphasized to be the outcome from French government's regulation exerted on the opening of large scale retail stores. In France, the authority to approve store opening is deeply centralized and the store opening regulation is a socio-economic regulation driven by economic laws whereas EU strongly regulates the distribution industry. To control the French distribution industry, such seven laws and regulations as Commission départementale d'urbanisme commercial guidelines (CDLIC) (1969), the Royer Law (1973), the Doubin Law (1990), the Sapin Law (1993), the Raffarin Law (1996), solidarite et renouvellement urbains (SRU) (2000), and Loi de modernisation de l'économie (LME) (2009) have been promulgated one by one since the amendment of the Fontanet guidelines, through which commercial adjustment laws and regulations have been complemented and reinforced while regulatory measures have been taken. Even in the course of forming such strong regulatory laws, InterMarche, the largest supermarket chain in France, has been in existence as a global enterprise specialized in retail distribution with over 4,000 stores in Europe. InterMarche's business can be divided largely into two segments of food and non-food. As a supermarket chain, InterMarche's food segment has 2,300 stores in Europe and as a hard-discounter store chain in France, Netto has 420 stores. Restaumarch is a chain of traditional family restaurants and the steak house restaurant chain of Poivre Rouge has 4 restaurants currently. In addition, there are others like Ecomarche which is a supermarket chain for small and medium cities. In the non-food segment, the DIY and gardening chain of Bricomarche has a total of 620 stores in Europe. And the car-related chain of Roady has a total of 158 stores in Europe. There is the clothing chain of Veti as well. In view of InterMarche's management strategies, since its distribution strategy is to sell goods at cheap prices, buying goods cheap only is not enough. In other words, in order to sell goods cheap, it is all important to buy goods cheap, manage them cheap, systemize them cheap, and transport them cheap. In quality assurance, InterMarche has guaranteed the purchase safety for consumers by providing its own private brand products. InterMarche has 90 private brands of its own, thus being the retailer with the largest number of distributor brands in France. In view of its IT service strategy, InterMarche is utilizing a high performance IT system so as to obtainas much of the market information as possible and also to find out the best locations for opening stores. In its global expansion strategy of international alliance, InterMarche has established the ALDIS group together with the distribution enterprises of both Spain and Germany in order to expand its food purchase, whereas in the non-food segment, it has established the ARENA group in alliance with 11 international distribution enterprises. Such strategies of InterMarche have been intended to find out the consumer needs for both price and quality of goods and to secure the purchase and supply networks which are closely localized. It is necessary to cope promptly with the constantly changing circumstances through being unified with relevant regions and by providing diversified customer services as well. In view of the InterMarche's positive policy for promoting local partnerships as well as the assistance for enhancing the local economic structure, implications are existing for those retail distributors of our country.